Ilm

BRONHOEKTAZ (Bronchoectases; az bronkhho va ektasis – vase shudan), bronkhoektaziya, illati uzvhoi nafas, ki boisi vase va digargun shudani bronkhho megardad. B. modarzod va gayrimodarzod meshavad. B.-i modarzod kam duchor meoyad. B.-i gayrimodarzod oqibati bronkhiti muzmin, gazaki shush, gripp, bemorihoi siroyatii kudakon (surfakabudak, surkhcha) va g. meboshad. Balgame, ki jam …

BRONHOGRAFIYA (az bronkhho va yun. grapho – navishtan, tasvir kardan), usuli tadqiqi rentgenologii bronkhho badi ba surokhi onho firistodani moddahoi rentgenokontrasti. Hangomi B. az ravgani yodnok (yodolipol) yo moddahoi makhsusi rentgenokontrasti (propilyodon) istifoda mekunand. B. bo maqsadi omuzishi morfologiya va faoliyati bronkhho, hamchunin oshkor sokhtani bemorihoi onho (mas., bronkhoektazho) amali …

BRONHOSTENOZ (Bronchostenosis; az bronkhho va yun. stenosis – tang shudan), bebozgasht tang shudani surokhi bronkh. Sababhoi B. nuqsi inkishofi bronkh, omoshoi gunogun (az bronkh mansha megirand), ba bronkh fishor ovardani omosi dokhili qafasi sina, iltihobi devorai bronkhho (binobar oseb yo darmondani jismi begona) va g. meboshand. B. dar natijai sili …

BUGUM, mafsil, payvandi mutaharriki ustukhonho. Odatan, payvandgohi ustukhonhoi angushtro B. menomand, mas., B.-i asosi, B.-i miyona, B.-i nokhun. Nig. niz Band.

BULIMIYA (Bulimia; az yun. bu (s) – buqqa va limos – gurusnagi), ehsosi nojuri gurusnagi. B., odatan, boisi bisyor istemol kardani gizo meshavad (polifagiya). Sababi asosii B. ikhtiloli faoliyati markazi tashakkuli hissi gurusnagi, ishtiho va seri binobar bemorihoi asabhoi markazi (ensefalit, omosi chuqurchai qafoi jumjuma), nojurihoi ruhi (katatoniya, oligofreniya) va …

BUGMA (Leontice ewersmannii), gilemshuy, sobunak, tasbehak, nave az giyohhoi bisyorsola. Az 20 to 60 sm qad mekashad. Bargash pahni chokdor, gulash zard, guzaash pufakshakl (1 – 2 tukhm dorad). Mart – apr. gul va apr. – iyun meva mekunad. Odatan, dar nishebii kuhho, buttayu beshazori garmser, pistayu farkzor meruyad. Onro …

BRUTSELLYOZ (Brucellosis), bemorii siroyatii muzmin, ki dar mavridi on beshtar dastgohi takyavu harakat, silsilai asab va uzvhoi jinsi oseb meyoband. B. bo nomhoi tabi bahrimiyonazamini, bemorii Bryus, bemorii Bang niz mamul ast. Angezai B. brutsellaho nom bakteriya buda, onho spora hosil namekunand. Brutsellaho dar muhiti gizoii muqarrari numu meyoband, ba …

BUZGUNJ, buzginj, gunj, jinjak, galla, yak nav omosi uzvhoi rastaniro guyand, ki dar natijai az tasiri obi dahoni angezandaho (bakteriyaho, kirmu kana) zud taqsim va kalon shudani hujayrahoi parenkhima ba vujud meoyad. B. baroi angezandaho muhiti gizo va sukunat ast. taqr. 15 haz. B.-hoi gunogunshakl malumand, ki beshtar dar uzvhoi …

BUJZANi, bo maqsadi tashkhis va muolija ba baze uzvhoi naychashakl vorid sokhtani asbobhoi makhsus – bujho. B. hangomi khadsha bastani uzvhoi naychashakl istifoda megardad. Baroi in B.-hoi filizi va chandir kor farmuda meshavand (onhoro qablan sterilizatsiya menamoyand). B.-ro dar amaliyai urologi bahri oshkor sokhtani darajai tang gashtani majroi peshob va …

BUGUMAK (Polygonum persicaria), bobosilak, kaykalaf, giyohest yaksola. Az 20 to 100 sm qad mekashad. Poyai bugumdori sershokh, bargi neshtarshakl, guli gulobi yo safed dorad. Gulash mohhoi may – okt. meshukufad. Dar margzorho, sahro, bog, qad – qadi juyborho, kishtzori obi va sholizor (dar balandii 300 – 2700 m az s. …