Asosguzori fanni genetika olimi chekh Gregor Mendel meboshad. U soli 1865 qonunhoi merosguzorii alomathoi irsiro kashf namuda bud. Lekin dar davomi 35 sol ahli ilmi onvaqta bo in kashfiyot maroq zohir nakard va yo sarfahm naraft. Faqat soli 1900 in qonunho az sari nav kashf shudand va on soli tavlidi …

Genetika du khususiyati asosii organizmhoi zinda – irsiyat va tagyirpaziriro meomuzad. Irsiyat hamchun khususiyati az nasl ba nasl guzaronidani alomatho, khosiyathoi irsi va asosi inkishofro dar bar megirad. Bo sharofati irsiyat dar tabiat har yak namudi rastani va hayvon khususiyathoi khosi khudro dar muddati muayyani tarikhi nigoh medorad. Jihati digari …

Hazrati Sayd ibni Musayyab (pah) mefarmoyad: YAk dafa dar masjid istirohat mekardam, nogahon khotife sado kard: – Ey Sayd, bo khondani in kalimoti zerin har duoe, ki binamoi pazirufta khohad shud. Kalimot in ast: Bismillohi-r-Rahmoni-r-Rahim Allohumma innaka Maliku-m-Muqtadiru mo tashou min amrin yakunu fa asidni fi-d-dorayni va kun li va …

Haddi aqal bad az namozi juma in duoro se marotiba khonda shavad Bismillohi-r-Rahmoni-r-Rahim. Ey bor Iloho, az Tu mekhoham ba vositai in nomhoi azim va muborak bar paygambarat Muhammad (s) va ahli bayti mutahharash rahmat bifirist. Va az Tu mekhoham, maro juzvi bandagoni mukhlisu muqarrabat qaror bideh. Va ba man …

Dar rivoyate az Hazrati Muoz (raz) vorid shudaast, ki bad az namozi subh dar majlisi Rasululloh (s) muzokirai ilmi surat megirift. Rasululloh (s) ashobashro talim medod, ammo Hazrati Muoz (raz) bad az khondani namoz ba khonaash meraft. YAk dafa Rasululloh (s) farmud: Ey Muoz, charo sahoba dar majlisi mo shirkat …

Tamomi organizmhoi serhujayra az hisobi tukhmi bordor yo bordornashuda inkishof meyoband. Inkishofi janin dar hayvonoti mansubi yak tip monand ast. Dar hamai jonvaroni khordador dar davrai janini kamonaki skeleti paydo meshavad, masalan, khorda, naychai asab, javfi galsama. Dar zinahoi avvali inkishofi janini hayvonoti muhrador ba ham bisyor monandand (rasmi 7.10). …

Organizm be muhiti zist vujud doshta nametavonad. Az in jost, ki inkishofi organizm be muhit va biduni omilhoi tasirrasoni on gayrimumkin ast. CHunone ki medonem, tukhmi murg tanho dar harorati muayyan inkishaf meyobad, agar harorati muhit mutadil naboshad, ravandi inkishof qat megardad. Hamchunin baroi mavjudoti obi tarkibi ionii ob muhim …

Az vaqti tavallud shudani organizm yo az parda berun shudan, davrai janini ba okhir rasida, davrai inkishofi badijanini ogoz meyobad. Davrai badijanini purra va nopurra meshavad. Dar davrai inkishofi purrai janin az tukhm yo batni modar organizme paydo meshavad, ki hamai uzv va khosiyathoi fardi boligro dorad (masalan, dar hazandagon, …

Dar vaqti ba mehmoni raftan tuhfa chi khel boyad intikhob karda shuda boshad. Tuhfaro boyad peshaki intikhob namoed fikr karda ba sinu sol muvofiq. Agar tuhfa khudsoz boshad, ba misoli gulduzi, kashidaduzi dar sachoqchavu dasturkhon, choynikpushaku choynakmonak, dastqapak tuhfa arzanda hisob meshavad. Agar kori dastiat naboshad, on goh atru upo, …

Tartibi oroishi dasturkhonro baroi nahori, peshin, shom, idu ayyom donand. Baroi in albatta qoidahoyu vazifai istifodabari va munosibat bo asbobhoi oshkhona va lavozimoti oshkhonagi yo bazan asbobhoi yorirasoni meguyand, (qoshuqcha, kord, changak va gayra) donistan lozim. Bazan fikr mekunand, ki ijroi qoidahoi taomkhuri, istifoda burdani qoshuq, changak, kord, donistani qoidahoi …