ANTROPOMETRIYA

ANTROPOMETRIYA (Antrophometria; az antropo… va …metriya), kolbadshinosi, majmui tarzu usulhoi muqarrar namudani khususiyathoi morfologii badani odam: chen kardani qad, vazn, andomhoi zohirii badan (andozai kosakhonai sar, qafasi sina, gardan, kitf, bozu, ron, soqi po), inchunin nishondodhoi vazoifi (gunjoishi shush, quvvai mushakho va g.). Dar mavridi A. alomathoi chenkuni va tafsiri kor farmuda meshavand. Nishondihandahoi chenkuniro bo raqam, nishonahoi tafsiri (mas., rangi chashm, shakli qafasi sina, shikam, sabzishi mui zeri nof, zeri bagal va g.), hangomi muoina bo rohi muqoisa bo meyorho, yane jadvalu modelho muqarrar mekunand.
Dar tib A.-ro beshtar zimni tadqiqi inkishofi jismoni istifoda mebarand. Dar asnoi nazorati inkishofi jismonii bachagon A. chun nishondodi qadkashi va shaklgirii organizm ahamiyati makhsus dorad. Qadu vazn, andozai saru qafasi sina va dig. uzvhoi kudakoni yaksolaro mohe yak bor, kudakoni sinni tomaktabiro sole 2 – 3 marotiba, sinni maktabiro har sol 1 bor dar rafti muoinai tibbi chen mekunand. Andozagirii pay dar payi antropometri imkon medihad, ki nuqshoi inkishofi jismonii bachagon (qadkashii sust, naafzudani vazn chun nishonai avvalini baze bemoriho yo ikhtiloli nizomi inkishof) sari vaqt oshkor karda shavand. Gayr az in, A.-ro dar asnoi tashkhisi tibbii javonone, ki ba safi artish davat shudaand va hangomi nazorati tibbii varzishgaron niz ba kor mebarand. Natijahoi A. dar sanoat baroi tayyor kardani qolabhoi sarulibos, poyafzol, mebel, hamchunin dar amalhoi loihakashiyu jihozonidani joyhoi kor muhim ast. A. dar kriminalistika va tibbi sudi niz ahamiyati kalon dorad. Bo maqsadi ba dast ovardani malumoti aniq kolbadro dar surati barahna budani badan, odatan, pagohi andoza megirand. Andozagirii takrori boyad to haddi imkon dar yak vaqtu soat guzaronida shavad.
Darozii qadro bo qadchenkunak muayyan mekunand. Se joi badani shakhs – poshna, surin va shonaho boyad ba qadchenkunak rasida istad; sarro dar chunin holat tavre nigoh boyad dosht, ki muchi gush va kunji berunii kosakhonai chashm dar yak khati ufuqi joy girand. Vaznro bo tarozui tibbi barmekashand. SHakhs boyad dar miyonajoi tarozu rost istad. Vaznro pagohi, pesh az noshto barkashidan behtar ast. Atrofi qafasi sinaro bo metri tasmashakl chen mekunand. SHikam dar vaqti rost istodan va orom nafas nagiriftani odam chen karda meshavad. Spirometriya – muayyan kardani gunjoishi shush, yane gunjoishi ziyodtarin havoest, ki odam bad az nafasgirii chuqur onro mebarorad. Onro bo spirometr 2 – 3 bor chen namuda, natijai behtarinro ba hisob megirand. Dinamometriya – tavassuti dinamometrhoi fanarii barqad va dasti chen kardani nerui mushakhost. Dastaki dinamometr boyad az zonu bolo joy nagirad. Dinamometrro takon nadoda kashidan lozim (dar in mavrid zonuyu dast boyad kham nashavand). Dinamometri dastiro dar kaf chunon boyad dosht, ki jadvali on ru ba bolo boshad. Hangomi fushurdani asbob dastro ozodona poyon farovardan yo dar yagon taraf nigoh doshtan lozim ast; bad az 2 – 3 marotiba chen kardan, adadi beshtarinro ba hisob megirand.