LYAMBLIOZ

LYAMBLIOZ (Lambliasiasis), yak nav bemorii uzvhoi hozima, ki lambliyaho (Lamblia intestinalis) ba vujud meorand. Lyambliyaho dar rudai borik sukunat dorand. Du shakli lyambliyaho mavjud ast: harakatnok (dar shakli vegetativi) va beharakat (dar shakli sista). Lambliyai harakatnok 4 juft kamchinak va qursi jabbanda dorad, ki tavassuti on ba luobpardai rudai borik mahkam chaspida megirad.
Manbai siroyat faqat odam ast. Lyambliyahoro bori avval olimi chekh D. F. Lyamble tavsif kardaast (1859). Pajuhishhoho sobit namudand, ki L. dar bayni odamoni solim nihoyat bisyor duchor meshavad (dar odamoni kalon 10%, kudakon 30%). Darozii tani lyambliya 10 – 18 mkm, pahniash 8 – 10 mkm ast. Lyambliyaho dar luobpardai qismi boloi rudai borik joy megirand. Onho dar talkhadon zindagi karda nametavonand va binobar in boisi bemorii jigar nameshavand. Zimni tajribaho malum gasht, ki talkha ba lyambliyaho tasiri margovar merasonad.
Odam az L. dar surati istemoli mahsulot (khususan sabzavot va mevai tar), ob, inchunin dast va ashyoi ruzgor, ki dar onho sistaho mavjudand, siroyat meyobad. Lyambliyaho ba rohi medayu rudai odam vorid shuda, dar rudai borik meafzoyand va luobpardai onro ba angezish meorand. Dar qismi boloi shikam yo atrofi nof dard ba vujud meoyad, shikam damish va qur – qur mekunad, dil behuzur meshavad. Mumkin qabziyat ruy doda, ba ishol tabdil yobad (najosat zardrang va luobomez ast). Lyambliyaho az rudai borik ba rudai gafs meguzarand (sharoit baroyashon nomusoid ast) va az harakat monda ba sistaho tabdil meyoband. Sistaho ba tavassuti najosat ikhroj meshavand. Onho dar khok to 3 hafta, dar ob boshad, to 5 hafta zinda memonand.
L. beshtar dar kudakon (khususan 2 – 5 sola) ba mushohida merasad. Bazan L. noayon inkishof yofta, tasodufan badi yagon bemorii digar zohir megardad. SHikam dard va damish mekunad. Najosat obaki, luobu kafkdor va sabz meshavad, kudak az sabzish memonad.
Bemori giriftori L. gayr az tabobati dukhtur, boyad parhez karda, gushti obpaz, jurgot, tvorog, karam, sabzi, tarbuz, limu khurad; taomhoi khamiri va shirinro kam istemol kardan lozim ast.
Baroi peshgirii bemori shakhsoni giriftori L.-ro sarivaqt oshkor va tabobat boyad kard; kudakonero, ki zud-zud qazoi hojat mekunand, ba muoina megirand.
Hurokvoriro az iflosi muhofizat karda, ziddi magasho muboriza boyad burd. Obi havzhoi kushodaro najushonida oshomidan va sabzavotu mevaro noshusta istemol kardan man ast. Rioyai qoidahoi gigienai shakhsi sharti zarurii peshgirii L. mahsub meshavad.