IMOLA

IMOLA (yun. slysma – shustan), huqna, klizma, yak usuli tabobat. I.-ro asosan baroi ba ruda guzaronidani doru va gizo kor mefarmoyand. I. dar asnoi tadqiqi rentgenologi hangomi bo rudai rost vorid kardani moddahoi aksdihanda (kontrasti) niz istifoda meshavad. I.-ro faqat dukhtur tain mekunad, chunki istifodai on dar mavridi baze bemoriho (appenditsit, pechishi ruda va g.) metavonad oqibati nokhush ba bor orad.
Baroi I. balloni rezinii nokmonandi nugash sakht yo muloim, qifi naychaash qulfakdori rezini, inchunin dulchai Esmarkh (rezini yo shishagin meshavad) – ro istifoda mebarand. Bo qulfak surati jarayoni moero ba nizom medarorand.
Imolai darunron dar mavridi qabziyat, zahroludi az khurok, pesh az tadqiqi rentgenologii uzvhoi javfi shikam va kosi khurd, qabl az jarrohi, tavallud, inchunin pesh az I.-i doru va gizodihi ba kor burda meshavad. Baze I.-hoi dorufiristi dar yak vaqt darunron ham meboshand (mas., I.-i bobunagi, ravgani va g.). I.-hoi darunroni obi boisi ravonii najosat, angezishi luobpardai ruda va qazoi hojat megardand. Miqdori moe, surati voridsozi va fishor har qadar ziyod boshad, tasiri mekhanikii I. hamon qadar purzur (25 – 35°S) meshavad. Ba kalonsolon baroi I. ba hisobi miyona 1 l obi garm kifoya ast. Zarfi moero dar balandii 1 – 1,5 m joygir mekunand. Baroi purzur kardani tasiri ob dar on sobun («Detskoe», «Bannoe»), 2 – 3 qoshuq glitserin yo ravgani rastaniro hal menamoyand. Ba dulchai Esmarkh ob yo moei tarkibu haroratash muayyanro meandozand, qulfakro kushoda havoro mebarorand, bad qulfakro mahkam karda, dulcharo az kat bolotar meovezand. Ba nugi I. glitserin yo vazelin memoland. Bemorro ba pahlui chap nazdiktar ba kanori bistar (poyhoro qat kunonda va zonuhoro ba shikam nazdik ovarda) mekhobonand. Ba zeri bemor klyonka guzoshta, yak tarafi onro ba tagora ovezon mekunand. Agar ba bemor harakat kardan mumkin naboshad, uro dar holati rubolo khobidanash I. kardan mumkin ast; dar in surat ba tagi bemor tubak meguzorand. Agar mushakhoi shikam az had ziyod tarang boshand, pas bo yorii kormandi tib uro ba orinju zonu takya kunonda I. mekunand. Bo yorii narangusht va angushti ishoratii dasti chap dumbai bemorro andake bolo kashida, bo dasti rost nugi I.-ro 10 – 12 sm ba rudai rost dokhil mekunand; bad qulfakro mekushoyand. Agar ob ba ruda naravad, nugi I.-ro kame berun kashida, dulcharo balandtar mebardorand va fishori obro meafzoyand. Badi ba ruda firistodani ob 5 – 10 daq. az qazoi hojat khuddori boyad kard.
Baroi I.-hoi ravgani az ravganhoi rastani istifoda mebarand. Onhoro ba ruda dar hajmi 200 ml (baroi kudakon 30 – 50 ml) vorid mekunand. Baroi in ballonhoi nokmonandro istifoda burda, I.-ro shabona meguzaronand (rudaho to sahar kholi meshavand).
Baroi I.-hoi gipertoni mahluli 10% namaki osh yo mahluli 20 – 30%-i sulfati magniyro istifoda burda, ba miqdori 50 – 100 ml bo balloni nokmonand vorid mekunand. Bemor boyad az qazoi hojat 20 – 30 daq. khuddori kunad.
I.-i sifoni nisbatan samarabakhsh buda, az 10 – 12 l obi tozai garm iborat ast. In navi I.-ro bo yorii qifi gunjoishash 1 l (va ziyodtar), ki naychai rezini (qutrash 1 sm va daroziash 1,5 m) dorad, ijro mekunand. SHustani ruda ba tarzi kori zarfhoi payvasta yo sifon asos yoftaast.
Imolahoi tabobatiro bo maqsadi tasir rasondani doru ba luobpardai ruda va ba organizm firistodani dorue, ki ba vositai ruda jabbida meshavad, ba kor mebarand. Doruho bo I.-hoi khurd (100 ml va az on khurdtar) behtar jabbida meshavand. Pesh az I.-i tabobati I.-i darunronro istifoda burdan zarur ast.
Imolahoi gizodihi baroi tamini ehtiyojoti organizm ba ob, namaki osh va moddahoi gizoi istifoda meshavand. Bo in maqsad az mahluli izotonii khloridi natriy, mahluli 5%-i glyukoza, inchunin mahluli aminokislotaho istifoda mekunand. Pesh az in I.-i darunronro kor mefarmoyand. I.-hoi gizodihiro, odatan, bo tainoti dukhtur dar muassisahoi tabobati ba jo meorand.
Imolai kudakon. Ba kudakon I.-hoi darunron, tabobati va gizodihi tain mekunand. Baroi I.-i darunron obi jushidai garmiash to 28 – 30°-ro kor mefarmoyand. Miqdori obi I. ba sinnu soli kudak vobasta ast. Ba navzodoni to 1-moha 30 ml, 1 – 3-moha – 60 ml, 3 – 6-moha – 90 ml, 6 – 9-moha 120 – 150 ml, 9 – 12-moha – 180 ml, 1 – 2-sola – 200 ml, 2 – 5-sola – 300 ml, 6 – 9-sola – 400 ml, 10 – 14-sola – 500 ml moe vorid mekunand.
Ba kudakoni to 5-sola moero bo balloni nokmonand meguzaronand. Ba nugi I. pesh az istifoda vazelin memoland. Moero ohista (be fishori sakht) vorid boyad kard. Be maslihati dukhtur I. kardani kudakon joiz nest, zero kudak ba on tez odat mekunad va I.-i bisyor zarar dorad. I.-hoi tabobatiro badi 15 daqiqai I.-i darunron ba jo meorand. Dar asnoi I.-i gizoguzaroni diqqat boyad dod, ki mahlul khunuk nashavad va ba ruda qatra-qatra ravad.