MECHNIKOV Ilya Ilich

MECHNIKOV Ilya Ilich (15. 05. 1845, dehai Ivanovka, hozira noh. Kupyanski vil. Harkov – 15. 07. 1916, Parij), biologi rus, yake az asosguzoroni patologiyai muqoisavi, mikrobiologiya va embriologiyai evolyutsioni. Azoi fakhrii AF Peterburg (1902). Un-ti Harkovro (1864) khatm kardaast. S-hoi 1870 – 82 prof. Un-ti Novorossiysk dar Odessa (holo Un-ti davlatii Odessa ba nomi I. I. Mechnikov). S. 1886 bo hamrohii N. F. Gamalen yakumin bungohi bakteriologii rusro baroi muboriza bo bemorihoi siroyati tashkil kard. S. 1887 ba Parij omada, dar In-ti L. Paster kor kard. Bo hamrohii A. O. Kovalevskiy qonuniyathoi umumii inkishofi hayvonoti bemuhra va muhradorro muayyan namuda, ba embriologiyai evolyutsioni asos guzosht. S. 1882 hodisai fagotsitozro oshkor va dar asosi on patologiyai muqoisavii iltihob (1892) va nazariyai fagotsitii immunitetro ba vujud ovard. M. masalai pirshaviro tadqiq karda, ba khulosa omad, ki piri va marg dar natijai khudzahroludii organizm ba amal meoyad. Dar asosi in aqida yak qator vositahoi peshgirii khudzahroludshavii organizmro peshnihod namud (sterilizatsiya kardani khurok, kam khurdani gusht, istemoli shiru jurgot va g.). M. dar asarhoyash masalahoi ilmu falsafaro niz muhokima va mulohiza kardaast. Laureati Mukofoti nobeli (1908, yakjoya bo P. Erlikh).
Ad.: Izbrannie biologicheskie proizvedeniya, M., 1950; Akademicheskoe sobranie sochineniy, t. 1 – 16, M., 1950 – 64.