VANNAHO

VANNAHO (Lavatrina), tadbirhoi gigieni va shifoiyu peshgirii bemoriho, ki tavassuti ob guzaronida meshavand.
Vannahoi gigieniro baroi az iflosi, araq va g. toza kardani pust istifoda mebarand. Pesh az qabul khudi vannaro avval bo chutka va obi garmu sobun nagz shusta, ba mahluli 1– 2%-i khloramin yo ohaki khlornok toza kardan lozim. Vannaro bo obi haroratash lozimi pur mekunand. Baroi on ki dar vannakhona bug jam nashavad, avval obi khunuk, bad obi garmro rekhtan darkor. Haroratsanji obiro ba daruni vanna gutonda, yak daqiqa nigoh medorand. Obi garm (36 – 380) va sobun pustro narm, dastmol boshad, onro purra toza megardonad. V.-i gigieni ba faoliyati fiziologii pust musoidat mekunand; gadudhoi araqu charb behtar, nafasgirii pust oson, mubodilai moddaho khub meshavad. V.-i gigieniro haftae 1 – 2 bor (az 20 – 30 daq. ziyod naboshad) qabul mekunand. Oid ba khususiyathoi alohidai V.-i gigieni baroi kudakon nig. Kudaki shirmak, Sinni yasli, Sinni tomaktabi.
Vannahoi shifoi (obzanho)-ro faqat dukhtur tain mekunad; baze az onho dar muassisai tabobati zeri nazorati kormandoni tib guzaronda meshavand.
Hudsarona (be tainoti dukhtur) istifoda burdani V.-i shifoi zarar dorad. Dar sharoiti khona baze V.-i shifoiro faqat bo tainoti dukhtur (hamai tavsiyahoi uro boyad rioya kard), zeri nazorati yagon azoi oila guzaronidan mumkin ast. In, khususan, baroi kudakon va kalonsolon ahamiyat dorad. Dar obzan oromona daroz mekashand. Zeri sar sachoq yo bolishti rezini, zeri po takyai chubin meguzorand. Badi obzan badanro bo sachoqi khushk pok karda, 30 daq. dam megirand.
Obzanho az rui tarkibi ob gunogun meshavand, mas., muqarrari, dorudor (ba ob doru hamroh mekunand) va minerali (obi muqarrari yo obe, ki moddahoi shifobakhshi minerali va gaz, mas., gazi karbonat, nitrogen, gidrogensulfid va g. dorad).
Hangomi ba obzan daromadan, ob boyad to sari sina rasad (obzani umumi). Obzani juziro beshtar baroi dast va poy kor mefarmoyand; obzani nimtan (to nof)-ro payvasta bo obrezi va mash istifoda mekunand. Dar obzanho moddahoi dar ob halshuda tasiri makhsus merasonand.
Haror. obi V. sard (to 200), nimsard (20 – 330), mutadil (ba haror. badan nazdik, 34 – 360), shirgarm (37 – 390) va garm (40 – 420) meshavad. V.-i sard va nimsard faoliyati organizmi odamro behtar karda, kori dilu ragho va asabro taqviyat medihand, mubodilai moddahoro metezonand. V.-i shirgarm dard va tashannuji mushakhoro kam karda, asabhoro orom, khobro behtar megardonand. V.-i garm ikhroji araq va surati mubodilai moddahoro metezonand.
V.-i obashon muqarrari. Bisyor odamon V.-i umumii harorati obashon shirgarm, mutadil (10 – 15 daq.), nimsard va garmro (3 – 5 daq.) qabul mekunand. V.-i umumi ruzdarmiyon yo haftae 4 marotiba (du ruz pai ham, ruzi seyum – tanaffus) va jam 10 – 12 marotiba qabul karda meshavand. Bemoroni zaif kursi muolijaro az nimvanna sar karda, onro ruzdarmiyon (34 – 360 ; 5 – 10 daq.) megirand. V.-i umumii obashon muqarrariyu nimsard hangomi nevrozi angezaash sust, V.-i haroratashon mutadil va shirgarm baroi nevrozi angezaash purzur, nomurattabii khob, davrai avvali bemorii gipertoniya, baze bemorihoi khorishi pust, dardi bandu bugumho, sutunmuhra, asabhoi kanori, mushakho va g. tavsiya doda meshavand. V.-i garmro chun omili araqron va taqviyatbakhshi mubodilai moddaho biduni amrozi dilu ragho kor mefarmoyand. V.-i garm ba organizm tasiri sakht rasonida, kori dilu raghoro metezonand; dar natija gardishi khuni pust afzuda, araqi badan farovon meshorad. Az in ru V.-i garmro tanho dar surati nuqs nadoshtani dilu ragho tain mekunand. Hangomi khunravi az yagon uzv (mas., hayz va g.) va sili shush qabuli V.-i garm man ast.
V.-i umumii ba nom kontrasti niz mavjudand. Onhoro, odatan, dar davrai avvali baze amrozi dilu rag va illati mubodilai moddaho, inchunin bo maqsadi obutobi organizm tavsiya medihand. Qabuli chunin V. faqat dar shubai obshifoii bemorkhona va sanatoriyaho mumkin ast.
Baroi tabobati dastu poi dardmand V.-i umumii obashon muqarrariro dar sharoiti khona (dar tagora yo satil) meguzaronand. Harorati obi onho doimi, kontrasti yo afzoyanda meshavad. Dar asnoi istifodai obi haroratash doimi V.-i shirgarm va garm 10 – 30 daq., sard 5 – 10 daq. davom meyobad; dar surati qabuli harruza yo ruzdarmiyon yak davrai tabobat az 5 to 12 – 15 navbatro darbar megirad.
V.-i shirgarm va garmi poyu dastro hangomi baze bemorihoi gazaki bandi panjahoi poy va panjai dast, V.-i garmi dastro dar asnoi nazla, khuruji ziqi nafas, bronkhiti shadid va muzmin, V.-i garmi poyro hangomi nazla, bekhobi va g. tain mekunand.
Baroi tayyor kardani V.-i juzii kontrasti ba yak tagora obi garm (haror. 40 – 420), ba digarash obi sard (10 – 120) merezand. Dar muddati 10 daq. dastu poyro bo navbat ba obi garm (1 – 2 daq.) va obi sard (15 – 20 soniya) megutonand. YAk davri muolija az 12 – 20 protsedura iborat buda, onro har ruz yo ruzdarmiyon meguzaronand. V.-i juzii kontrastiro bo maqsadi obutobi organizm (hangomi zud-zud ba zukom giriftor shudan), ikhtiloji raghoi dastu poy, dar davrai ogozi endarteriiti musaddid va g. tain mekunand. V.-e, ki haror. obashon tadrijan baland meshavad (V.-i Gauffe baroi dastu poy), ba silsilai dilu ragho va asab tasiri musbat merasonand. V.-i Gauffe dar muassisahoi makhsusi obshifoi va balneologi guzaronida meshavand.
Baroi nishasta qabul kardani vanna az V.-i makhsus (dar sharoiti khona az tagorai chuqur) istifoda mebarand. Tagoraro ob pur karda, ba sandalicha meguzorand; bemor ba on nishasta, poyashro ba tagorai digarie, ki rui farsh guzoshta shudaastu obi shirgarm dorad, megutonad. Davomoti chunin V. baroi obi shirgarm 20 – 30, obi garm 10 – 15, obi sard 5 – 10 daq. buda, davri muolija az 1 – 2 to 12 – 15 prosedura iborat ast. Hangomi gazaki shadid va muzmini peshobdon, gazaki muzmini uzvhoi tanosul V.-i shargarm va garm, dar asnoi bavosir V.-i sard va nimgarm kor farmuda meshavand.
Vannahoi dorudor. Dar sharoiti khona baroi V. beshtar khoka yo qiyomi suzanbarg, khardal, ohar (krakhmal), permanganati kaliy va sodaro istifoda mebarand. V.-i suzanbargiro bo rohi ba ob hamroh kardani javhari suzanbarg (ba 200 l ob 100 ml javhari moe yo 50 – 70 g khoka yo in ki 1 – 2 qurs) tayyor mekunand. Ravgani efiri javhari suzanbarg ba nugi asabhoi pust tasiri musoid rasonda, rangu bui on asabhoro orom mesozad. CHunin V.-ro hangomi 35 – 370 budani haror. ob ruzdarmiyon yo dar yak hafta 4 bor 10 – 15 daq. (davri muolija az 12 – 15 prosedura iborat ast) meguzaronand. Onro baroi tabobati baze shaklhoi nevroz, bekhobi, amrozi dilu ragho va g. istifoda mebarand. Qabuli V.-i suzanbargi ba bemorone, ki sakht ba hayajon meoyand, man ast.
Baroi tayyor kardani V.-i khardali 100 – 250 g khardali khushkro ba vannai kalon (hajmash 200 l) meandozand yo 5 – 10 giromi onro ba yak satil ob andokhta, az doka meguzaronand. Sipas onro ba ob nagz omekhta mekunand. Hangomi V.-i umumii khardali haror. ob boyad 36 – 380 (5 – 7 daq.), dar vaqti V.-i juzi (baroi dast yo poy) 39 – 400 (10 – 15 daq.) boshad. Bo maqsadi az tasiri angezishovari khardal muhofizat kardani chashm va rohi nafas boloi vanna (tagora)-ro bo joypush mepushonand. Badi qabuli V.-i khardali badanro shusta, 30 – 60 daq. khudro ba kurpa pechonda mekhoband. CHunin V.-ro dar vaqti zukomi rohhoi boloi nafas (V.-i umumi va baroi poy), khuruji ziqi nafas (V. baroi dast), baland shudani fishori khun (V. baroi poy) istifoda mebarand. V.-i khardaliro hangomi bemorihoi pust, hamchunin baroi onhoe, ki ba bui khardal tob nameovarand, qabul kardan man ast.
Baroi tayyor kardani V.-i ohardor az 100 g (baroi kudakon) to 500 – 800 g ohar (krakhmal) lozim ast. Onro peshaki dar andake obi sard mahlul karda, ba vanna merezand. Ohar pustro muloim va khorishu angezishi onro kam mekunad. Onro har ruz yo ruzdarmiyon qabul mekunand; haror. ob 35 – 370, davomot 20 – 30 daq., davri muolija 10 – 20 protsedura. V.-i ohardor dar vaqti bemorihoi gayrisiroyatii pust va dig. amroze, ki bo khorish meguzarand, kor farmuda meshavand.
V.-i permanganati kaliydor asosan baroi kudakon tain megardad. Baroi tayyor kardani onho ba ob mahluli 5%-i permanganati kaliy (to gulobi shudani rangi ob) hamroh mekunand. CHunin V. pustro dezinfeksiya va khushk menamoyand; har ruz yo ruzdarmiyon ba muddati 5 – 10 daq. qabul kardan lozim. Hosa hangomi bemorihoi gunoguni pust, mas., damidani donachaho mufid ast. V.-i permanganati umumi va juzi meshavand.
V.- i sodadorro ba tariqi dar 200 l ob hal kardani 0,5 – 1 kg soda tayyor mekunand; haror. ob 35 – 370, davomot 10 – 20 daq. Onro har ruz yo ruzdarmiyon baroi baze bemorihoi pust istifoda mebarand. YAk davri muolija az 10 – 15 protsedura iborat ast.
V.-i skipidardor bo rohi dar ob hal kardani emulsiyai skipidar (safed yo zard) tahiya karda meshavand. Onho ba organizm zud tasir rasonda mavridi bisyor bemoriho zarar dorand. Az in ru onhoro qatiyan bo tainoti dukhtur va faqat dar muassisahoi makhsusi tabobatiyu profilaktiki istifoda mebarand.
V.-i namakdor (namaki bahr yo kul) dar kurorthoi nazdi kul yo bahrho istifoda meshavand. Dar kurothoi nazdi bahr az V.-i bahri (az obi bahr) tamomi sol istifoda mebarand. V.-i namakobdor (obi kulhoi shur) niz mavjudand. Hangomi qabuli chunin V. namak dar rui pust tahshin shuda, nugi asabhoro ba angezish meorad. V.-i namakdor dardro kam va mubodilai moddahoro afzun megardonand. CHunin V. ba tariqi suni niz tayyor karda meshavand. Bo in maqsad dar 200 l ob 5 – 10 kg namaki osh (kuli yo bahri)-ro hal mekunand. Baroi nagz hal shudan, namakro ba khaltachai suf andokhta, zeri obi garm medorand. V.-i minerali (35 – 36o)-ro 12 – 15 daq. ruzdarmiyon meguzaronand. YAk davri muolija az 12 – 15 prosedura iborat ast. Baroi tabobati amrozi dilu ragho, baze bemorihoi bandu bugum, sutunmuhra, asab mushakho, iltihobi muzmini uzvhoi jinsii zanona mufid meboshand. Ba kudakon zimni baze bemoriho (36 – 370 ), 8 – 10 daq. tain mekunand. Faqat bo tavsiyai dukhtur istifoda burdan lozim.
V.-i bromu yodro bo tavsiyai dukhtur dar sharoiti khona niz tahiya kardan mumkin ast: dar ob (36 – 370) 25 g bromidi kaliy, 10 g yodidi natriy va 2 kg namaki oshro hal mekunand. Muhlati qabul 10 – 15 daq; davri muolija az 12 – 15 prosedura iborat ast. Ruzdarmiyon yo haftae 4 bor meguzaronand. Ba kori gadudi siparshakl va asabho tasiri khush merasonad. Dar mavridi bemorihoe, ki bo kori az andoza ziyodi gadudi siparshakl jarayon megirand, hamchunin nevrozi klimaksi, baze amrozi bandu bugumho niz istifoda mebarand.
V.- i gidrogensulfidi az sulfidi gidrogen iboratand. Onhoro dar kurortho az manbai tabii va berun az kurortho ba tariqi suni tayyor karda istifoda mebarand. Baroi asab, dilu ragho va pust manfiat dorand. Dar sharoiti khona guzaronida nameshavad.
V.-i radoniro az obi manbahoi tabii (dar kurorthoi Pyatigorsk, Skhaltubo, osoishgohi Hojaobigarm) va suni tahiya mesozand. Baroi V.-i radonii suni mahluli konsentronidai radonro dar laboratoriyahoi makhsus tayyor mekunand. V.-i radoniro faqat dar shifokhonahoi mujahhazi balneologi qabul mekunand. CHunin V. ba asab, dilu ragho va pust tasiri amiq merasonand.
V.-i karbonatiro az obi manbahoi tabii (dar kurorthoi Arzni, Kislovodsk va g.), dar shifokhonaho bo rohi suni tayyor mekunand. Gazi karbonat nafaskashiro chuqur va faoliyati mushakhoi dilro behtar megardonad. Dar sharoiti khona guzaronida nameshavand.
V.-i oksigeniro bo rohi az oksigen ser kardani ob, obi bahr va obi minerali (tavassuti asbobi makhsus) tayyor mekunand. Dar mavridi bemorihoe, ki bo norasoii oksigen meguzarand, inchunin hangomi ikhtiloli kori sistemai asab istifoda mebarand.
V.-i «marvorid»-ro az obi muqarrari yo minerali bo rohi fishurdani havo ba ob (tavassuti panjarai makhsusi kompressor, ki surokhihoi khurd dorad) tayyor mekunand. Hubobchahoi havo jush zada, dar ob chun marvorid jilo medihand; nugi asabhoi pustro ba angezish ovarda, ba silsilai asabhoi markazi tasiri khub merasonand. Dar muassisahoi makhsus istifoda mebarand.
Hangomi ba kudakon tain kardani V.-i shifoi dukhtur khususiyathoi anatomiyu fiziologii organizmi kudak – nokomilii faoliyati baze uzvho, tanzimi harorat va g.-ro ba nazar megirad. Kudakon tasiri haroratro zud his mekunand va in dar vaqti qabuli V. ehtiyotkoriyu nazorati jiddiro metalabad. V.-i umumii nimgarm va khususan sardro baroi kudakon istifoda namebarand. Haror. V.-i shirgarm va garm baroi kudakon nisbat ba kalonsolon 1 – 20 past buda, muhlat va miqdori proseduraho (baroi yak davri muolija), inchunin konsentratsiyai doru va moddahoi khimiyavi kam ast.
Dar ruzi qabuli V. kushish kardan lozim, ki khasta nashaved. Kori vaznini jismoni, ekskursiya va g. man ast. Badi qabuli V. daroz kashida yo dar kreslo nishasta istirohat mekunand. Dar kurorthoi balneologi va farogatgohho nimkathoi muloim mavjudand. Badi qabuli V.-i karbonati va gidrogensulfidi 1 – 1,5 soat istirohat kardan manfiat dorad. Dar vaqti istirohat kitobu gazeta khondan joiz nest. Ba dili nahor qabul kardani V.-i umumii shifoi man ast (onhoro faqat badi 1,5 – 2 soati nahori qabul mekunand. Dar havoi khunuk sarulibosi garm pushidan lozim.
Nig. niz. Balneoterapiya, Obhoi minerali.