Ilm

MOHi, yak guruhi hayvonoti muhradori obi. Haror. badani M. doimi nabuda, tagyir yofta meistad. Dar olam taqr. 25 haz. namudi M.-ho mavjudand. Dar obi bahru uqyonusho 20 haz. namudi M. sukunat dorad. Dar obanboru daryohoi Tojikiston 49 namudi M. zindagi mekunad. M. baroi odam gizoi purbahost. Bo tamu tarkibi khimiyavi …

MUBODILAI GAZ, nave az mubodilai moddaho bayni organizm va muhiti atrof. M. g. az oksigenro furu burda gazi karbonatro khorij kardani organizm iborat ast; furu burdani baze mahsuloti gazmonand va bugi ob niz mansub ba M. g. meboshad. M. g. juzi avvalu okhiri silsilai aksulamali mubodilai moddaho va nerui organizm …

MOSH (Phaseolus aureus), yak nav ziroat. Balandiash 15 – 50 sm; poyai rost yo pechanda, bargi kalon (daroziash 20 – 26 sm), guli bunafsh, gilofaki sertukhm, doni sabz dorad. Mohhoi iyun – sent. gulu meva mekunad. Dar Tojikiston M.-ro az zamonhoi qadim mekorand. Davrai nashvi M. 80 – 120 ruz …

MUBODILAI KARBOGIDRATHO, majmui ravandhoi hazm, hosil shudan, tajziya va az organizm khorij gashtani angishtobho va moddahoi angishtobdor. Baroi M. k. dar boftahoi odam va hayvonot ahamiyati glyukoza kalon ast. Manbai on dar organizm glikogen (khususan glikogeni jigar) va krakhmali gizohoi naboti meboshand. Glyukoza hamchunin metavonad az moddahoi gayriangishtobi dar jarayoni …

MUBODILAI CHARBU, majmui tabadduloti charbu va dig. lipidho dar organizmi odam. Ba M. ch. mansuband: hazm gashtani charbuyu (triglitseridho) lipidhoi gizo va jabbishi mahsuli tajziyai onho, khususan kislotahoi ravgan dar rohi medayu rudaho; mubodilai mobaynii charbu va mahsuli tajziyai onho dar organizm; az organizm khorij shudani charbu va mahsuli tajziyai …

MUBODILAI OBU NAMAK, majmui ravandhoi istifodai obu namak (elektrolit)-ho, jabbish, taqsimot va az organizm khorij shudani onho. Talaboti shaboruzii odam ba ob taqr. 2,2 l ast, ki 1 l onro u ba tavassuti gizo megirad. Dar yak shaboruz gurdaho 1 – 1,2 l va rudaho taqr. 0,2 l ob khorij …

MUBODILAI MODDAHO VA NERU, metabolizm, majmui jarayoni tagyiroti khimiyavii moddahoyu neru (energiya) dar organizmhoi zinda va mubodilai moddahoyu neru bayni organizmu muhit. M. asosi faoliyati hayoti, nishonai khosi materiyai zinda buda, zindaro az gayrizinda farq mekunad. Har navi hayvonot mubodilai khosae dorad, ki on ba khususiyathoi irsi, jins, sinnu sol, …

MUBODILAI MINERALHO, majmui ravandhoi jabbish, hazm, tabdil va ikhroji moddahoe, ki dar organizm dar shakli payvasthoi gayriorganiki (minerali) vujud dorand. Moddahoi minerali bahri nigoh doshtani muvozanati kislotayu ishqorho va fishori osmosii moei hujayra ahamiyati kalon dorand, dar kashishi mushakho, reaksiyahoi sershumori fermenti ishtirok mekunand. Ikhtiloli M. m. mujibi paydoishi bemorihoi …

MUVALLIDA, momodoya, doya, akusherka, khodimi doroi malumoti miyonai makhsusi tibbi, ki dar tavalludkhona yo shubai tavalludkhonai bemoriston, mushovaragohi zanon, punkti feldsheriyu akusheri, inchunin dar khona yorii akusheriyu ginekologi merasonad. Vazifahoi M. chuninand: bahisobgirii dispanseri va nazorati muntazam ba homilagon, tashkhisi bemorihoi homilagon, jam namudani anamnezi akusheri, patronaj, kori maorifi sanitari, …

MUKOPOLISAHARIDOZHO, mukopolisakharidho, gargoilizm, yak guruh bemorihoi irsii boftahoi payvandi, ki boisi ikhtiloli mubodilai polisakharidho meshavand. M. bo osebi dastgohi takyavu harakat, uzvhoi dokhili, ikhtiloli bosira, somea, ba takhir mondani rushdi jismoni va ravoni padid meoyand. Tanosubi M. dar bayni navzodon taqr. 1 : 400 000 ast. Dar natijai norasoii fermenthoe, …