MAGAS

MAGAS, nomi umumii hasharotest az oilai dubolaho. Dar dunyo taqr. 5 haz. namudi M. mavjud ast. Badani M.-ho tira buda, bazan zard, kabud yo sabzi jilodor niz meshavand. Hayoti aksari M.- ho bo manzili odam zich aloqamand ast. Baze namudi M.-ho az rastani, namudhoi digar az moddahoi pusidai organiki (najosati odamu hayvonot, pasmondai khurok va g.) gizo megirand; M.-hoe niz hastand, ki khuni odam va hayvonotro memakand.
M.-ho angezandai bisyor bemorihoi odamu hayvonotro pahn mekunand. M.- hoi khunmak (mas., magasi tiramohi) baroi makidani khun ba hayvonoti kasal, sipas ba odam daraftoda, boisi pahn gashtani bemorihoi khavfnok – brutsellyoz, sukhtani, tulyaremiya va g. megardand. Dar Afrika M.-hoi khunmak (setse) intiqoldihandai tripanosomaho (angezandai bemorii serkhobi) meboshand. M.-hoi khunles (mas., M.-i bozor) angezandai bemorii chashm (trakhoma, konyunktiviti vogir)-ro pahn mekunand.
Baze namudi M.-ho (kharmagas va magasi volfrat) zeri pust tukhm meguzorand. Agar kirminai onhoro favran nest nasozand, boftahoro to khudi ustukhon mekhurand. Faoliyati kirminahoi chunin M.- ho bo gazaki joyhoi osebdida, khunravi, inkishofi okila jarayon megirad (nig. Miaz).
Guruhi ba istiloh M.-hoi hamakhur (M.-hoi muqarrari, kabud, bahori va g.) dar intishori bemorihoi siroyati baso faoland. CHunin M.-ho az khurokvori (non, shir, gusht va g.), pasmondai khurok, inchunin najosati odamu hayvonot (az on jumla bemoron) gizo girifta, khurokvoriro bo angezandahoi bemorii sil, kasalihoi ruda (isholi khunin, domana, paratifho, vabo, gepatiti A, gastroenterit va g.) oluda mekunand. M.-ho baze angezandahoi bemori (makhsusan tukhmi kijjaho)-ro dar poyu khartumchaashon mekashonand, angezandahoi digar (mas., angezandai bemorihoi ruda)-ro hangomi gizogiri furu mebarad va minbad dar natijai ikhroji najosat pahn mekunand. Siroyatu intishori in yo on bemori ba manbai gizo va joi tukhmguzorii M.-ho vobasta ast.
Tadbirhoi obodoni va toza nigoh doshtani mahalhoi aholinishin bahri muboriza bo M. ahamiyati kalon dorand. Durust sokhtanu istifoda burdani hojatkhonaho, toza kardani chohhoi akhlot (kamash yak marotiba dar 2 moh), gun kardan va dar zarfhoi makhsus ba joyhoi muqarrarshuda burda partoftani pasmondai khurok, tur kashidan ba daru tirezai binohoi istiqomati, nigoh doshtani khurok dar jevonhoi darbasta va g. az jumlai tadbirhoi muboriza bo M.-ho mahsub meyoband. Tadbirhoi mahvi M.-ho boyad pesh az hama dar joyhoi gunshavi va tukhmguzorii onho andeshida shavand. Baroi nest kardani kirminai M.-ho az emulsiyai obii 0,2% -i trikhlofos, 0,5 – 1,0%-i karbofos, 10%-i preolin va g. istifoda mebarand.Dar chohi akhlot va hojatkhonahoi umumi ohaki khlordori khushk va geksakhloran meposhand. Dar furush aerozolhoi makhsus (mas., dikhlofos) hastand, ki tavassuti onho nafaqat M.-ho, balki khomushaku kurpashshahoro niz nest kardan mumkin ast.

A.Saidov.