Kashidaduzi: Malumoti mukhtasar va tarikhi on

Sanati kashidaduzi (gulduzi) tarikhi bisyorasra dorad. Dar asri IH- HII koftukovhoi davrai rusi qadim mavjud budani kashidaduzi dalolat medihad. In masnuoti yoftashuda az gulhoi bazeb, zebo va nafis az resmonhoi zarduzi, porchahoi saru libos iborat ast. Dar zamonhoi qadim liboshoi odamoni nomdor, shohon liboshoi podshoh, odamoni mansabdor, shakhsoni dar masjidu ibodatkhonaho buda. Az resmonhoi zarduzi oro medodand.

Ananahoi sanati kashidaduzi muntazam taraqqi mekunad. Dar asrhoi HIV- HVII liboshoi harruzaro az kashidaduzi oro dodan vase pahn shud. Sanati kashidaduzi ohista-ohista, dar hama joyho pahn shud. Az asri HVIII sar karda kashidaduzi dar sachoqchaho, dastarkhon, sachoqhoi gunogunhajm, choynakpushho, peshdoman, sarpushu, sarbandho, rumolu suzani, joynamoz, va digar lavozimoti ruzgor rasm shud.

Usulhoi kashidaduzi az gul va ranghoi on mujassamkardashuda az avlod ba avlod guzashta, az nav korkard shuda namunahoi takrornashavanda paydo mekard.

Kashidaduzi to imruz mavqei khudro gum nakarda rasida omadaast. Kashidaduzi namudi hunari khalqist, ki dasti bo suzan, yo changaki makhsus va yo ba vositai moshini makhsusi gulduzi dar rui matohoi gunogun, pust va gayra bo resmonhoi pakhtagi, abreshimi, pashmi, nakhhoi zarhaliyu nuqragin, inchunin bo marjonu sanghoi qimmatbaho,

pulakchahoi rakhshon, marvorid, tanga va gayra ba ijro merasad. Dar matohoi durusht niz gul dukhta meshavad. Kashidaduziro baroi oroishi sarulibos, jihozi khona va digar vasoiti zindagi istifoda mebarand.

Asbobhoi asosi kashidaduzi-in suzanhoi gunogun, resmonhoi abreshimin, qaychi, angushtpona, chanbarak, qasqon va chorchuba. Kashidaduziro pesh az sar kardan suzan, resmon va gafsii matoro ba nazar gired.

Baroi osonii kor resmon naboyad az 50-60 sm daroz boshad qaychichai nugtezi daroziash 10-12 sm istifoda burdan lozim ast.

Dar bisyor navhoi kashidaduzi chanbarak istifoda namebarand. Kashidaro bo angushtoni dasti chap tarang doshta meistand. Suzanro ba mato khalonida ba angushti miyonai angushtponadori dasti rost tela medihand.

Jihozi oroishi: suzani, ruymol, hamyon, dastarkhonu sachoqcha va gayra oroishi ba khud khos doshta, ba tarzi makhsus dukhta meshavand.

Dar mavridi nabudani andoza az kashida tayyor nuskha bardoshtan mumkin ast. Dar vaqti kashidaduzi va gulduzihoi gunogun pesh az ogozi kor resmonro bo chunin usul dar mato mahkam mekunand.

1.Joero, ki oyanda bo gulduzi pushida khohad shud, yak chand girehi mayda mekunand.

2.Giyohi duyum mepushonand, minbad ba okhir rasonida, resmonro bo kukhoi mayda namudhoro ba vujud medorand.

Kashidaduzii tojikon ba du nav chudo kardan mumkin:

1. Kashidaduzii tojikoni kuhiston va kashidaduzii tojikoni vodinishin.
2. Kashidaduzoni vodi beshtar ba oroishi jihozi sarulibos ahamiyat medihand.

Az qadim ziyoda az 700 navi naqshi kashida malum ast. Makhsusan naqshu nigori kurtahoi zanoni Kulob, Qarotegin, Badakhshon, Darvoz, Hujand, Istaravshan qimati balandi badei dorand.

Asosan bari domon, girebon, ostin, takhtapushti kurtahoi milli va peshdoman, domon, shim, nimtana, koftochkaho va gayra oro doda meshavad.

Samarqandu Bukhoro, Hujand, Istaravshan, Isfara, Asht, Mastchoh, Kulob, Qarotegin markazhoi kashidaduzii jihozi khonaand.

Umuman, du namudi kashidaduzi malum ast:

1. Toru pudi matoro hisob karda dukhtani kashida.
2. Ba mato naqshi kashida bo kuki ozod kashidaduzi kardani on.

Kashidadhoi ozod hamesha az rui rasmi dar mato, inchunin charmu karton, dukhta meshavand makhsusan gulduzii yaktarafa malum ast. On az tarafi rost ba chap dukhta meshavad.

Gulro kukho dar tarafi rosta qarib purra mepushand, dar tarafi chappa faqat tarkhi naqsh memonandu khalos, onro bo mulina (resmoni gafsi 3-6 tora) yo resmonhoi muyinai surkh, kabud, sabz zard meduzand, ki ba tufayli on khele jozibador mebaroyad.

Kashidai barjasta baroi oroishi libosi tagpush, libosi millii zanon, mardon, ruyjo, jildi kurpa, dastruymolcha, rupushakhoi nafis va gayra istifoda burda meshavad.

Oyo shumo medoned, ki Kashidaduzi mashhuri Jumhuriii Tojikiston Zulfiya Bahridinova