Harakati ob, moddahoi madani va organiki dar tana (poya)

Baroi faoliyati mutadili hayotiash rastani bo reshaash ob va moddahoi gayriorganikiro jabbida megirad. Sipas, in moddaho tufayli boftaho va bandchahoi guzaronanda ba tamomi uzvhoi rastani pahn meshavand.

Baroi donistani on ki harakati ob va moddahoi madani dar rastani chi tavr surat megirad, 2-3 ruz pesh navdai navrasi yagon darakhtro ba obi rangin meguzorem. Hangomi onro az nazar gu- zarondan mebinem, ki faqat chubi shokhchai ba obi rangin monda- amon rangin shudaast SH. Dar tajriba rang guyo joi moddahoi madanii dar ob halshudaro girift. In nishon medihad, ki ob va moddahoi madanii dar on halshuda az resha bo raghoi chubi poya to uzvhoi boloi harakat mekunand. Dar in holat pustlokh va dilak rangin nameshavand. Zero onho dar harakati mahluli moddahoi madani ishtirok namekunand.

Agar ba obi rangin shokhchai rastanii khonagi — hinogul yo guli barfakro moned, mebined, ki chi tavr ob bo poya ba barg meravad va ragchahoi onro rashin mekunad.
Ragho az poya guzashta, dar bargho shokha meronand. Ob bo in ragho ba barg dokhil meshavad.
Baroi tavassuti poya ba bolo harakat kardani ob fishori resha Harakati moddahoi organiki dar poya. CHi tavre ki shumo allakay medoned, ohar dar barg hosil meshavad. Ohar moddai dar ob halnashavanda meboshad. Binobar on, ohar avvalo ba qand tabdil meyobad va sipas ba digar uzvhoi rastani harakat me- kunad. Baroi inro aniq kardan chunin tajriba meguzaronem.va obro bukhor kardani bargho ahamiyati kalon dorad. Ba joi obi bukhorshudai barg muntazam obi nav meoyad.

Poyai rastanii khonagi (tasmagul, tutanjir yo yagon rastanii digar)-ro az rastany judo nakarda, pustlokhashro halqavor meburem. Bad on joyro bo shishachai obdor chi tavre ki dar rasmi 70 nishon doda shudaast, mahkam mekunem. Bo guzashti yakchand hafta joi az halqa bolotari shokhcha gafsi chogarmonand meshavad. Dar on reshahoi ilo- vagi inkishof meyoband.

In hodisa az on sabab ruy medihad, ki dar vaqti pustlokhi nav- daro halqavor buridan, naychahoi elakshakl niz burida meshavand. Moddahoi organikii dar barg hosilshuda bo naychahoi elakshakl ba poyon harakat karda, dar joi burish gun meshavand va on shakli jogarro megirad.

Dar sathi boloii joi buridai rastani doimo puki zakhm ba vu- jud meoyad. Hujayrahoi dar zeri puki zakhm joygirifta boavj (bo- surat) taqsim meshavand. Ba boshiddat taqsim shudani onho mod- dahoi organikii (gizoii) dar qismi boloii (jogar) burishi hal- qashakl gunshuda chun gizo khizmat mekunand. Dar natija zakhm sihat shuda az jogar reshahoi ilovagi va dar baze rastaniho hatto mugjaho mesabzand. Hamin tavr, moddahoi organiki tavassuti lif dar rastaniho harakat mekunand.

Baroi gizo va sabzishi uzvhoi navrasi rastani na hamai moddahoi organikii dar barg hosilshuda darhol sarf meshavand. YAk qismi in moddaho baroi idomai inkishofi oyandai rastaniho dar uzvhoi gu- noguni onho zakhira meshavand. Dar rastanihoi yaksola odatan mod- dahoi organiki dar mevayu tukhm, dar rastanihoi dusola va bisyorsola boshad, ilova bar in, dar hujayrahoi resha va poya niz zakhira mesha- vand. Masalan, bekhmevai rastanihoi dusola — sabzi, lablabu, turb, tamoshokaram va shalgam anbori makhsusi moddahoi gizoiand.

Dar buttavu darakhton moddahoi organiki bar zammi mevayu tukh- mashon, inchunin dar dila va chubashon zakhira megardand. Bahor dar ayyomi shiradav in moddaho dar shakli mahlul, tavassuti fishori reshagi ba mugjabarg va mugjagul burda meshavand. In khususiyati rastanihoro bahoron hangomi buridani navdahoi darakhton mushohida kardan mumkin ast. Hususan, bo in roh az darakhti tus dar fasli bahor bo miqdori ziyod shirai shirini onro jam meovarand. In shira khususiyati khubi tabobati dorad.

1. Bo kadom tajriba isbot kardan mumkin ast, ki ob va moddahoi madani tavassuti raghoi chub ba bolo harakat mekunand?
2. CHaro ob befosila bo raghoi poya ba bolo mebaroyad?
3. Baroi aniq kardani harakati moddahoi organiki dar poya chi khel tajribaho guzarondan mumkin ast?
4. Jogar az chi paydo meshavad?
5. Lif dar kujoi poya joy giriftaast va on kadom vazifaro ijro mekunad?
6. Rastanihoi yaksola, dusola va bisyorsola dar kadom uzvhoyashon moddahoi organikiro zakhira mekunand?