GIMNASTIKAI KORGOHi

GIMNASTIKAI KORGOHi, majmui mashqhoi jismoni, ki baroi behtar namudani faoliyati organizm, nigoh doshtani qobiliyati khubi kori, vazi salomatii korgaron va donishjuyon ba tartibi ruzi kor dokhil karda meshavad. G. k. amrozero, ki ba onho sharoiti mehnat sabab meshavand, peshgiri mekunad. Ba tufayli peshrafti ilmu tekhnika, avtomatoni va mekhanikonii istehsolot mehnati odamon sabuk shudaast. Dar ayni zamon kasbu korhoe niz mavjudand, ki hangomi ijroi onho shiddati ruhiyu asabi afzuda, diqqat, quvvai bosira va hofizai khub zarur ast. Odatan, in guna kasbu kor harakati odamro mahdud mesozad (kormandoni kompyuter, ruznomanigoron, operatorho, musahhehon, ronandaho va g.).
Hangomi dar yak jo bisyor nishastan va kam harakat kardan, mubodilai moddaho va harakati khun sust shuda, dar uzvhoi kosi khurd va andomhoi poyon khun jam meshavad, mushakho zaif megardand, sabzishi qadu qomat khalal meyobad. Odamone, ki kasbashon ba kamharakati vobasta ast, zud-zud ba dardi sar, bemorihoi silsilai dilu ragho, ikhtiloli mubodilai moddaho va g. giriftor meshavand. Dar in guna mavridho G. k. norasoii harakatro talofi mekunad. Hangomi kori vaznini jismoni G. k. tasiri noguvori yakkhelaro ba mushakho raf sokhta, mushakhoi bekorro ba harakat medarorad, tarzi faoliyati mushakhoi dar harakat budaro tagyir medihad.
Majmui mashqhoi G. k., hamchunin vaqt va tarzi guzaronidani onro muvofiqi khususiyati kor, omodagii jismonii kormandon (donishjuyon), tagyiri vazi funksionalii organizm dar davomi ruzi kor va sharoiti sanitariyu gigienii mehnat (tahsil) intikhob mekunand.
Majmui namunavii mashqho muvofiqi 4 navi mehnat, ki az rui darajai harakati mushakho va shiddati ruhi farq dorand, chunin meboshand: 1) baroi kasbu kore, ki bo mehnati ziyodi jismoni vobasta ast; 2) baroi kasbe, ki ham mehnati fikri va ham mehnati jismoni barobar sarf meshavad, yane kori sabuk; 3) baroi kore, ki shiddati ziyodi ruhi va sarfi kami quvvai jismoniro talab karda, asosan dar holati nishast ijro meshavad; 4) baroi kasbu kore, ki bo mehnati fikri vobasta ast. CHunin majmui makhsusi mashqho baroi kormandone niz tartib doda shudaast, ki rost istoda kor mekunand.
Dar ibtidoi ruz qobiliyati korii odam sust buda, baroi on ki organizm purra ba mehnat omoda shavad, vaqti muayyan lozim ast. Mashqhoi jismonii gimnastikai muqaddimavi ba surati durust kasb kardani faoliyati mehnati (tahsil), qobiliyati baland va qavii kor musoidat namuda, ba khastagii barmahali odam roh namedihand. Gimnastikai muqaddimaviro 10 daq. pesh az ogozi kor (dars) ba muddati 5 – 7 daq. meguzaronand. Baroi in majmui makhsusi varzishro muvofiqi harakathoi zaruri, surat va dig. khususiyathoi kor intikhob mekunand.
Tanaffusi gimnastiki dar davomi ruzi kor yo tahsil shakli istirohati faol meboshad. On khastagii organizmro raf namuda, qobiliyati balandi koriro nigoh medorad. Az chand mashq iborat ast va 5 – 6 daq. davom mekunad. Vaqti dar davomi ruz guzaronidani tanaffusi gimnastikiro muvofiqi khususiyati kor – darajai tahmili jismoni, shiddati asabiyu ruhi, faro rasidani khastagi va g. muayyan menamoyand. Baroi korhoe, ki ijroi onho choloki, daqiqi va bodiqqatiro taqozo dorand (mas., operatoron), dar davomi ruz 1 – 3 marotiba bo usuli guruhi tanaffusi gimnastiki meguzaronand. Baroi kormandone, ki ba mehnati fikri, inchunin ba mehnati sabuk mashguland, az jumla baroi korgarone, ki asosan rost istoda kor mekunand, 2 – 3 daq. tanaffusi gimnastiki tavsiya meshavad.
Majmui mashqhoi jismoniro har sari chand vaqt bo mashqhoi nav, ki ba organizm tasiri mushobeh merasonand (taqr. dar 10 – 14 ruz yak marotiba), ivaz namudan khelo mufid ast. Vaqti guzaronidani G. k.-ro muvofiqi tartibi ruzi kor muayyan mekunand. Dar nimai avvali ruzi kor, taqriban bad az guzashtani se soati on, tanaffusi gimnastiki guzaronidan zarur meboshad. Onro dar nimai duyumi ruz niz guzaronidan mumkin ast. Agar sharoit boshad, G. k.-ro bevosita dar korgoh va bo musiqi ba jo ovardan manfiat dorad. Pesh az G. k. khonaro shamol medihand. Doimo dar havoi toza ijro kardani G. k. organimzro ba tasiri sardi tobovar megardonad. G. k.-e, ki bo radio intishor meshavad, baroi odamoni korashon kamharakat peshbini shudaast. Azbaski ogozi ruzi kori odamon gunogun ast, majmui mashqhoro sabt namuda, dar vaqti ba korgaron muvofiq shunavonidan mumkin ast. Tanaffusi nisfiruziro baroi G. k. istifoda namebarand. Dar binoe, ki haroratash az 250S baland va nami az 70 foiz ziyod ast, guzaronidani varzish joiz nest. Nig. niz Gimnastika.

E.G. Alieva.