GASTROSKOPIYA

Hangomi shunidani in kalima shoyad mehrobi dilaton yakh mekunad va refleksii qaykuni paydo meshavad. Pas malum meshavad, ki shumo dar asri guzashta zindagi mekuned, on vaqthoe ki rudarezini khele darozi gafsi siyohero ba gului shumo tela mekardand. Imruzho in guna tahqiqro be hej guna dard va amalan be hej noqulayi guzashtan mumkin ast.

IN HUDASH CHI AST?

Ezofagogastroduodenoskopiya (EGDS) – in usuli tahqiqie ast, ki tavassuti on dukhtur qismhoi boloii rohi medavu rudaho (JKT), surkhruda, meda va rudai duvozdahangushtaro muoina mekunad.

BAROI CHI IN KORO MEKUNAND?

Inak, dukhtur shumoro ba gastroskopiya (ba tavri ilmi guem – ezofagogastroduodenoskopiya  yo EGDS) ravona kard. Sababi in kor metavonad na faqat dardi meda, balki zardajush, orugzani, hissiyoti noforami zeri qafasi sina (mehrobi dil), dar pagohi his kardani mazzai turshi yo talkhi dar dahon niz boshad… Hamai inho – nishonahoi khossi bo nom nojurii (illatnokii) meda meboshand. Pardai luobi, ki vazifaash hifozat kardani devorahoi meda az kislotai namaki ast va bo yorii on ravandi khurokhazmkuni meguzarad, dar yagon joye vazifaashro ijro karda nametavonad va tabii ast, ki ba iltihob giriftor meshavad. Ammo iltihobi darozmuddat yo muntazzam — dar aksar mavridho ba zakhmi meda, bodkhura (eroziya) yo malul (atrofiya) ovarda merasonad.

Baroi onhoe ki dar avlodashon bemoroni giriftori bemorii zakhmi meda, gastriti muzmin, omosi meda doshtaand, hatto agar shikoyat ham naboshad dukhturon metavonand gastroskopiyaro peshnihod kunand. Alomathri nojurii meda metavonand oddi boshand… rikhinakhoi ruy (ugri).  Baroi hamin dar aksar mavridho bemoroni dermatologho baroi gastroskopiya niz rohkhat megirand.

CHI TAVR INTIHOB KARDANI KLINIKA?

Boyad ba on joe raved, ki dar on jo EGDS bo yorii videoendoskop guzaronida meshavad. Dar qismi beshtari klinikahoi Rossiya in tahqiqkuni bo gastroskophoi namunai kuhna – fibronakhi (khudi hamon rudarezinhoi khele darozi gafsi siyoh) guzaronida meshavad. Dukhtur chashmashro ba okulyar guzoshta medaro tavre ki meguyand bo chashmi khud muoina mekunad.

Videoendoskop – ba tavri prinsipiali tekhnologiyai digar ast. On rasmro ba tavri raqami ba monitor intiqol medihad. Hangomi tahqiqkuni sabti videoi niz guzaronida meshavad, yane ki hangomi zarurat onro boz az nav tamosho kardan mumkin ast, har yak qismati shubhanokro khele kalon karda didan mumkin ast. Diski CD yo DVD –ro bo sabti gastroskopiyai shumo hangomi zarurat ba digar mutakhassison nishon dodan mumkin ast; bad az chand vaqte az rui in videosabtho holati behtarshavii (dinamikai) medai shumoro dar muqoisa dida nazorat kardan mumkin ast.

Ba gayr az on diametri “lularezini” videoendoskop nazar ba tajhizothoi peshtara khele khurdtar ast. Modelhoe niz hastand, ki dar onho in lularezin ba misli rishta borik ast.

CHI TAVR OMODA SHUDAN LOZIM AST?

Ba gastrosokpiya bo medai kholi meravand. In manoi onro dorad, ki okhiron bor na dertar az soati 19:00 –i begohiruzi khurok khurdan lozim ast. Ba hej vajh az begohi nushidani nushokihoi spirti mumkin nest. Az on refleksi qaykuni chandkarata  ziyodtar meshavad. Zimnan, in refleks dar mardumi mahallhoi janubi (gruzinho, armaniho, ozarboyjoniho va digar mardumi Qafqoz) be alkohol ham khele purquvvat ast. Mearzad, ki ba onho peshaki yagon dorue doda shavad yo az khoboludkunii kutohmuddat istifoda burda shavad.

OYO DARDOVAR AST YO NE?

Dar baze odamon hatto muyi borike ham qaykuniro ba bor meorad. Baroi hamin ham dar gastroskopiyai hozira anesteziyai muosir istifoda burda meshavad: na behiskunandai joyhoi alohida, balki doruhoi khobovari tasiri kutohmuddat. Odam ba muddati yak soat ba holati khoboludi meftad va dertar «navigariero» mefahmad, ki uro gastroskopiya kardaand. In metafora nest: dar haqiqat bisyor bemoron proseduraro dar yod nadorand.

Malum ast, ki purra ba in qoida takya kardan niz lozim nest, badi fahmidan dar borai in tajhizot mearzad, ki oidi namudhoi anesteziya niz malumot gired. Agar ba shumo khob raftan beshtar maqul boshad, ba nazar gired, ki pas az on aksulamali (reaksiyai) odam past meshavad – badi on to ruzi digar dar sari chanbaraki rul nishastan mumkin nest.

AFZALIYATHOI  ILOVAGI

Hususiyati farqkunandai gastroskopiyai muosir – dar davomi prosedura dukhtur metavonad ekspress-tahlilro baroi paydo kardani Helycobacter Pylory (khelikobakter pilori) – guzaronad, ki on mikroorganizme ast, ki dar bisyor holatho sababi gastritho, eroziyaho va  zakhmi meda megardad. Peshaki az korguzori (mamuriyati) klinika fahmida gired, ki oyo onho in guna khizmatrasoni dorand yo ne.

Agar ekspress-tashkhis guzaronida nashavad, hatman pursed, ki oyo umuman dar in muassisa tahlil baroi Helikobakteriya guzaronida meshavad yo ne? Agar javob, Ne boshad, pas nomu shuhrati (reputatsiyai) in klinika zeri shubha ast.

Agar oidi omos (opukholi) kamtarin shubhae boshad, pas nisbati intikhobi muassisai tibbi boyad khele jiddi boshed. Pursidan zarur ast, ki oyo biopsiya (tahqiqi luqmachae az luobiyathoi meda dar zeri mikroskop) va usulhoi ilovagii tashkhisi , masalan khromogastroskopiya guzaronida meshavand yo ne. CHunki hamai inho tashkhisi daqiqro kafolat medihand.

TO KADOM ANDOZA IN BEHAVF AST?

Mearzad aniq kuned, ki dar klinika chi qadar endoskopho hastand. Standarthoi amalkunandai tamizkuni (sterilizatsiya) khele jiddi hastand: korkardi mekhaniki, tar karda mondan dar mahlulhoi makhsus, korkard bo spirt … In guna kor az 15 to 30 daqiqa vaqtro megirad. Baroi hamin dar klinikahoi khub hama vaqt yakchand endoskop kor mekunand: hangome ki yake az onho kor farmuda meshavad, digarash az tamizkuni meguzarad. In guna tarzi kor imkon medihad, ki navbatpoyii odamoni gurusna va gazaboludshuda  bartaraf karda shavad va khavfi bo helikobakteriya va gepatitho siroyat kardani onho niz vujud nadorad.

Agar gastroskop faqat yakto boshad, baroi on ki hatto khavfi farzi (gipotetiki) bartaraf shavad, boyad navbati odamon jiddan nazorat karda shavad. Agar bemori navbatiro pas az panj daqiqai baromadani bemori peshina davat kunand, pas malum ast, ki in jo korho toza va pokvijdonona nestand.

Tavsiyai az hama odditarin va boetimodtarin: agar shumo ba in klinika bori avval omada boshed va nomu shuhrati on ba shumo malum naboshad, pas khudro dar navbati se nafar avvalinho navised. Behtarash az hama avvalin boshed.

Imruzho gastroskopiya ham ba misli Tahqiqi Farosavti (UZI) yo chenkunii fishori chashmon prosedurai toqatpazir shuda mondaast. Foidai onro naboyad nodida girift. Ba sharofati amali kardani videoendoskopiya Jopon kishvare gasht, ki dar on jo az hama ziyodtar omoshoi meda malum karda shudand va mutanosiban ham kishvare gasht, ki dar on jo az hama foizi ziyodtari shifoyobi az in omosho vujud dorad.  Az in mebaroyad, arzanda ast, ki aqallan yak marotiba dar yaku nim – du sol soate dar kati endoskopist bikhobed, to mutmain boshed, ki hatto agar osebe boshad ham on natavonad margovar shavad. Oidi zakhmi meda, ki holo tekhnikai muosir va farmakologiya ba osoni dar davomi 7-10 ruz onro bartaraf mekunand, hojati gap ham nest.