ZIRA

ZIRA (Bunium persicum), zirai forsi, giyohest bisyorsola. Az 30 to 60 sm qad mekashad. Poyai rost, bargi parmonand, gultudai chatrshakl, guli maydai safed, doni khushbuy dorad. Z. dar domanakuhho, nishebihoi kuh, alafzor, buttayu beshazori hama nohiyahoi Tojikiston (dar balandii 600 – 2500 m az s.b.) meruyad.
Z. giyohi doruii qadima ast. Bino ba aqidai Abubakri Rozi Z.-ro khoyand, orug meorad. Abumansuri Muvaffaq takid kardaast, ki Z. rutubatro nest karda, peshobro meronad va khunraviro bozmedorad, baroi ziqi nafasi bar asari rutubat paydoshuda mufid ast. Bino ba malumoti Abualii Sino Z. kori medaro taqviyat mebakhshad, orug meorad, hikkakro raf menamoyad, davoi peshobron, bodron, kijjaron ast. Hangomi khalai ruda, niqris, ishias va miyondard naf dorad. Dar «Ehyou-t-tib» omada, ki Z. baroi tabobati illati ispurch, zardparvin va zakhmi meda nofe ast. Bino ba malumoti «Mazanu-l-adviya» Z. khilthoro garm, khushk, hal va mayda mekunad, ba faoliyati medavu rudaho taqviyat mebakhshad, ishtihoro mekushoyad, bodu peshobro meronad. Marhami bo ravgani zaytun omekhtai on rafsozandai varami ispurch ast.
Tabiboni khalqi Z.-ro hangomi kamishtihoi, bemorihoi medavu ruda va dardi sangi jigar istifoda mebarand. Ziraob (zirachoy) davoi behsozandai kori uzvhoi hozima, peshobron, araqron va kijjaron meboshad. Z.-i biryon baroi tabobati chakidani peshob va farbehi istifoda meshavad. Jushobi Z. tarashshuhi shirai medaro meafzoyad.
Jushob va choyi Z. ikhroji shirai medaro meafzoyad. Binobar in istemoli on baroi odamoni giriftori gastrit va zakhmi medayu rudai duvozdahangushta ziyon dorad. Dar chunin ashkhos hatto nushidani zirachoyi kamrang niz boisi dardi meda meshavad.
Ba aqidai tabiboni khalqi Z.-ro yak shab dar sirko tar karda, bad dar bini chakonand, khuni biniro mebandad; onro yak shaboruz dar ob tar karda, bad on obro dar chashm chakonand, pardai dar on aftodaro pok mesozad, reshi chashmro shifo mebakhshad, nuqtahoi surkhi daruni chashmro mebardorad. Agar onro dar ob jushonida, on obro dar dahon gardonand, nazlahoro mebandad, dardi dandonro taskin medihad. Hurdani Z. jigar, meda, gurda va rudahoro quvvat mebakhshad, ishtihoro ba harakat meovarad, bodhoi dokhiliro tahlil medihad, hazm nayofta furomadani gizo, dardi rudaho va varami sipurzro shifo mebakhshad, peshob va hayzi bandshudaro meronad, chakmezakro ba ibro meovarad. Z.-ro dar ob jushonida, bo on obi shirgarm khuqna kunand, bodhoi zararnoki rudaho, meda va gurdaro tahlil medihad. Kuftai Z.-ro bo ravgani zaytun khamir karda guzoshta bandand, varami sipurzro hal mekunad, bo ordi boqilo sirishta guzoshta bandand, varami khoyahoro pas megardonad.
Z. baroi odamoni khunukmizoj va piron manfiat dorad. CHun onro bo khurishhoi khushbui gizo, mas., bo shibit va dorchini hangomi pukhtani gushti badhazm dokhil namoyand, onhoro sabukhazm megardonad, darunro muloim menamoyad, peshobro meronad.
Ad.: Kovaleva N. G., Lechenie rasteniyami, M., 1972; Turova A. D., Lekarstvennie rasteniya SSSR i ikh primenenie, M., 1974; Gammerman A. F., Grom I. I., Dikorastushie lekarstvennie rasteniya SSSR, M., 1976; Nuraliev YU., Lekarstvennie rasteniya, D., 1988; Hodjimatov M., Dikorastushie lekarstvennie rasteniya Tadjikistana, D., 1989; Zohidov H., Kanzi shifo, D., 1998.