ANGINA

ANGINA (Angina pharyngis; az lot. ango – bugi mekunam), guludard, zahrbod, bemorii siroyatie, ki chun iltihobi bodomakhoi kom zohir meshavad. Bodomakho dar gulu az du tarafi zaboncha va komi narm joy giriftaand va onhoro hangomi kushodani dahon didan mumkin ast.
A.-ro mikrobhoi gunogun, asosan streptokokkho ba vujud meorand; onho ba gulu az ashyoi ruzgor (mas., kosavu tabaqi shakhsi bemor) roh meyoband. Goho mikrobhoe, niz ki dar gulu mavjud buda, odatan, A.-ro nameangezand, zeri tasiri sharoiti nomusoid (mas., khunuki yo nogahon tagyir yoftani harorati muhit) faol megardand va mujibi bemori meshavand. Baze odamon agar yakhmos khurand, poyashonro tar yo obbozi kunand, darhol marizi A. megardand. Moddahoi gunoguni muassir (dud, chang, sharob va g.), hamchunin mavjudiyati adenoidho yo dig. illathoi peshgohi kom niz ba paydoishi A. musoidat mekunand. Gazaki bini va javfi on (mas., Gaymorit), inchunin iltihobi javfi dahon (dandonhoi pusida) boisi zud-zud khuruj yoftani A. khohand shud.
A., odatan, nogahon sar meshavad. Gulu tang va khushk shuda mesuzad, hangomi furu burdani luqma dard mekunad; mariz bemador, sar vaznin va tab paydo khohad shud. Hangomi A. bodomakho surkh shuda, dar pardai luobii onho donachahoi rimnok ba vujud meoyand.
A. bisyor vaqt 7 – 8 ruz davom karda, bo shifoi bemor anjom meyobad. Agar bemor ba dukhtur der murojiat kunad, maslihati uro ba jo naorad yo bo khudmuolija mashgul shavad, mumkin ast oqibati A. nokhush gardad. Rimkhonai atrofi bodomak (dumbali nazdi bodomak) alomati anjomi badi A. ast. On bad az 2 – 3 ruzi nest shudani zuhuroti bemori paydo meshavad. Tabi bemor yakbora baland (39 – 400S ) shuda, gulu sakht dard mekunad, obu khurok khurda nametavonad, dahonro bo dushvori mekushoyad; dar natijai gazaki girehhoi limfavi gardan varam mekunad. Dar mavridi tul kashidani bemori rimkhonai nazdi bodomak vase va gulu tang meshavad, nafaskashi qat megardad.
Hangomi A. ijro namudani tavsiyai dukhtur sharti asosii zudtar shifo yoftan buda, imkon medihad, ki orizahoi bemori peshgiri karda shavand. Huroki bemor boyad gunogun va sergizo boshad: gushtob, shavlai suyuqi manka, kotleti bugpaz, shiri garm, limuchoy va g. Istemoli khuroki tundu tez, garmu durusht mumkin nest. Gargarai gulu va digar vositahoi muolijaro, ki dukhtur tavsiya kardaast, dar vaqtash boyad ijro kard. Baroi on ki hangomi gargara (2 – 3 daqiqa) doru ba daruntari gulu rasad, sarro ba pusht kham karda, nafas nagired.
Azbaski A. bemorii siroyati ast, bemor boyad kosavu tabaq va sachoqi alohida doshta boshad. SHakhse, ki ba bemor nigohubin mekunad, boyad dastashro zud-zud shusta, onro bo atr, spirt va g. toza kunad. Kosavu tabaqi bemorro 10 – 15 daqiqa jushonida, liboshoi uro alohida shustan lozim ast. Dar nazdi bistari bemor baroi tuf kardan zarfi makhsus guzoshta, ba on mahluli gandzudo (mas., mahluli permanganati kaliy) meandozand.
A. dar bisyor odamon goh-goh takror meshavad. Vale dar baze mavridho tasiri illati bodomakho boqi monda, gazaki shadid ba gazaki muzmin mubaddal megardad (nig. Tonzillit). A. ba sistemayu uzvhoi muhimi organizm tasir rasonda, boisi gazaki gurdaho (nig. Nefrit), tarbod va osebi bandu bugumho (nig. Artrit) khohad shud.
Behdoshti muhit, khususan dar sharoiti istehsolot bartaraf kardani changu gubor, dud, tahti nazorati dukhtur giriftani ashkhose, ki zud-zud giriftori A. meshavand, rohhoi asosii peshgirii bemoriand. Azbaski sardii az had ziyodi badan yake az sababhoi asosii paydoishi A. megardad, organizmro az mohhoi avali hayot obutob dodan (obbozi, qabuli vannahoi havoi va oftobi, varzishi badan) lozim ast; bo obi khunuk chayqonidani gulu niz ahamiyati kalon dorad. Az istemoli mashruboti spirti va tamokukashi khuddori boyad kard. Nafaqat tasiri nikotin, balki tasiri harorati dud va mahsuli taqtiri khushki tamoku niz boisi iltihobi luobpardai gulu megardand. Tamokukashi khususan hangomi bemori zarar dorad (aksar vaqt holi marizro yakbora bad mekunad).
Ad.: Bogomilskiy M.R., CHistyakova V.R., Detskaya otorinolaringologiya, M., 2002; Hirurgicheskie bolezni detskogo vozrasta, M., 2004; Zaprudnov A.M. (va dig.), Detskie bolezni, M., 2004.
B. SHamsiddinov.