ZIRK

ZIRK (Berberis heteropoda), zirishk, zilol, anbarboris, buttaest sershokhi khordor. Az 50 sm to 2,5 m qad mekashad. Pustlokhi shokhahoyash zardcha yo jigarii surkhtob. Bargi durushti bemuyak, guli zard yo noranji, gujummevai surkh, zard yo siyohi darozruya dorad. Z. dar joyhoi sanglokhu buttazori sohili daryo, nishebihoi sersangu shakhi kuh, farku archazor (dar balandii 1000 – 4300 m az s.b.) meruyad. Z. davoi qadimist. Bo maqsadi tabobat asosan pustlokh, resha va bargi onro istifoda mebarand. Reshai Z.-ro bahoron yo tiramoh jam meorand. Pustlokhi Z. dar davrai ob davondani shokhchaho (apr. – may) gundoshta meshavad. Bargi onro dar davrai gulshukuft dasti mechinand. Boyad guft, ki faqat Z.-i mazru qimati balandi tabobati dorad.
Z.-ro Abuali ibni Sino chun dorui zardaron va khunband ba qalam dodaast. Muvofiqi malumoti «Ehyou-t-tibbi Subhoni» gizoe, ki ba on Z. andokhtaand, hangomi zardparvin mufid ast. Muhammad Husayn dar «Makhzanu-l-adviya» ovarda, ki Z. zardaro bartaraf sokhta, ba kori medayu jigar va dil taqviyat mebakhshad, galayoni khunro sust mekunad, baroi muolijai bavosir mufid ast.
Dar tibbi mardumi az resha, pustlokhu shokhchai Z. qiyom tayyor mekunand va onro hangomi illati uzvhoi darun, dardi po yo miyon va shikasti ustukhon, amrozi chashm va gush ba kor mebarand (onro shab istemol mekunand). Bo qiyomi Z. hamchunin tablarza, radikulit, tarbod, khala, bemorihoi medayu ruda darmon bakhshida meshavand. Jushobi khunukkardai Z.-ro binushand, tasfi meda va jigarro taskin medihad, fishori balandi khunro ba etidol meorad, khunshorii uzvhoi darunro man mekunad, baroi bavosir va raftani rutubat az bachadon nofe ast. Samari Z.-ro kufta guzoshta bandand, joyhoi sakhtgashtai badanro muloim mekunad, obi mevaashro binushand, qay va behuzur shudani dilro man mesozad, tukhmashro mahin kufta bikhurand, zakhmi rudahoro shifo mebakhshad, isholero, ki az sustii azoi shikam hodis shuda boshad, bozmedorad.
Az resha va chubi Z. qiyom tayyor mekunand. Bo in maqsad reshai Z.-ro bo tesha tarosha karda, dar deg megirand va az boloyash ob rekhta, muddate mejushonand. Sipas onro ba zarfi toza girifta khunuk mekunand. Badi in jushobro dubora ba deg andokhta, dar otashi past to qiyom shudanash mejushonand. Qiyomi Z.-ro ba andozai nakhud yo gandum ruze 2 – 3 marotiba baroi muolijai ustukhoni shikasta, dardi bandu mushakho istemol mekunand. Qiyomi Z. davoi khele mamul ast. Agar andak qiyomi Z.-ro dar gulob hal karda, dar chashm kashand yo chakonand, rutubati onro khushk menamoyad. Qiyomi khushki Z.-ro mahin os karda, chun surma ba chashm kashand, binoiro taqviyat mebakhshad. Agar onro dar ob hal karda on obro dar dahon gardonand, badtarin dardi dahon va jushishi milki dandonhoro shifo mebakhshad.
Dar tibbi muosir davohoi Z.-ro chun vositai talkharon hangomi gepatitho, gepatokholesistit, bemorii sangi talkhadon kor mefarmoyand. Bo naqei Z. khunravihoi badi tavallud va vobasta ba iltihobro muolija menamoyand (onro 30 chakragi ruze 3 marotiba 2 – 3 hafta istemol mekunand). Pustlokhi Z. ba tarkibi dorui «Holelitin» dokhil meshavad, ki davoi bemorihoi jigar va talkhadon ast. Reshai Z. ba tarkibi adviyoti Zdrenko ilova karda meshavad (onro baroi tabobati baze omoshoi saratoni kor mefarmoyand).
Ad.: Kovaleva N. G., Lechenie rasteniyami, M., 1972; Turova A. D., Lekarstvennie rasteniya SSSR i ikh primenenie, M., 1974; Gammerman A. F., Grom I. I., Dikorastushie lekarstvennie rasteniya SSSR, M., 1976; Nuraliev YU., Lekarstvennie rasteniya, D., 1988; Hodjimatov M., Dikorastushie lekarstvennie rasteniya Tadjikistana, D., 1989; Zohidov H., Kanzi shifo, D., 1998.