ZAYTUN

ZAYTUN (Olea europaea), darakhtest hameshasabz. To 4 – 12 m qad mekashad. Bargi neshtarshakl yo darozruya (5 – 12 sm), guli safed, mevai mudavvari surkhcha yo siyohi donakdor (to 15 g), donaki darozruyai burtob dorad. May – iyun gul karda, sent. – dek. samar meorad. Z. darakhti garmobardor va ba khushki tobovar ast. Dar asnoi az donak ruidan, soli 10 – 12-um, agar az qalamcha sabzad, soli 4 – 5 – um meva medihad. Darakhti darozumr (300 – 400 sol) ast. Az har bekh darakhti on 20 – 40 kg meva megundorand. Mevai Z. – ro konserv mekunand, dar namakob mekhobonand, az magzi on ravgan mekashand. Ravgani Z.- ro dar sanoati khurokvori, konserv, tib va g. ba kor mebarand. Agar 65 g ravgani Z.-ro bo obi garm yo obi jav biyoshomand, darunro bashiddat meronad; inro bo obi garm biyoshomand, qulinj va dardi rudahoro raf mesozad, kirmhoi medaro khorij mekunad, sangi gurda va masonaro mayda karda merezonad. Agar ravgani Z.-ro khurda qay kunand, zahrhoro az badan daf mesozad. Ravgani Z. harchand kuhnatar shavad, qavitar megardad. Agar ravgani az samari norasidai Z. kashidaro bikhurand, badanro farbeh megardonad, milki dandonro mustahkam mekunad, uzvhoro quvvat mebakhshad, baroi meda foram va muvofiq ast; khilthoro sof mekunad, badbuiro barham medihad, damidani araqi badanro man menamoyad.
Naqei bargi Z. fishori khun va nafaskashiro ba etidol meorad. Mutakhassison dar on aqidaand, ki dar tarkibi Z. hamai vitamin va mikroelementhoi bahri odam zaruri vujud dorand. Ravgani Z. davoi purbahoi peshgirii ateroskleroz, amrozi dil va ragho meboshad, kholesterin nadorad va onro az organizm khorij menamoyad, ba faoliyati medayu rudaho taqviyat mebakhshad. Bino ba aqidai tabiboni ispani mevai Z. baroi ashkhosi hama sinnu sol mufid ast, onro metavon hatto ba voyai gizoi kudakon vorid kard.

S. M. Gulov.