ZABON (Lingua), uzvi mushakiest dar javfi dahon. Z. dar omekhta sokhtanu furu dodani gizo, artikulyatsiyai sadoho va nutq shirkat mevarzad. Z. nug, bekh va tana doshta, az mushakhoi khudi (darozruya, kundalang va ufuqi) va skeleti (mushakhoi manahu zaboni, zerzabonu zaboni va darafshu zaboni) tarkib yoftaast. Mushakhoi khudi Z. gafsii zabonro tashkil medihand; mushakhoi skeleti baroi harakati Z. va orom nigoh doshtani on khidmat mekunand.
Dar sathi boloi Z. dar bayni tana va bekh juyake mavjud ast, ki ba hissahoi chap va rost judo meshavad; hissaho kunji kundro ba vujud meorand, ki dar qullai on surokhi sarbasta joy giriftaast (vay sarhadi bayni qismi pesh va qafoi Z. meboshad). Dar zeri Z. chinho mavjudand, ki kanori onho andake dandonador ast. Az markazi zeri zabon ba qari javfi dahon chini luobparda – lajomak mefaroyad. Luobparda, khususan dar pusht va kanorhoi Z., az pistonakho iborat ast. Pistonakho rishtashakl, makhrutshakl, zanburugshakl, bargakmonand va novashakl meboshand. Dar epiteliyai pistonakhoi zanburugshakl, bargakmonand va novashakl retseptorhoi zoiqa joy giriftaand. Pistonakhoi rishtashakl va makhrutshakl boshand, az retseptorhoi hissi dard, harorat va lomisa iboratand.
Dar qabati luobpardai bekhi Z. bodomakhoi Z. mavjud meboshand. Dar zeri luobparda va bayni mushakhoi Z. gadudhoi obi dahon joy dorand.
Z.-ro shokhai berunii arteriyai suboti (arteriyai zabon) bo khun tamin mekunad.
Ba nuqsi inkishofi Z. kutoh budani lajomak, makroglossiya (kalonzaboni) va chinzaboni mansuband. Kutoh budani lajomak dar kudakoni khurd boisi dushvorii sinamaki va dar kudakoni kalon mujibi ikhtiloli nutq meshavad. Onro bo rohi jarrohi tabobat mekunand. Sababi makroglossiya inkishofi az had ziyodi mushakhoi Z. yo omosi gayrisaratoni ast. Dar asnoi makroglossiya bazan Z. dar dahon namegunjad.
Ba osebhoi Z. gazidan, buridan taalluq dorand. Dar Z. bemorihoi glossit, dumbal, flegmona, sporotrikhoz, omoshoi saratoni va g. niz ba mushohida merasand.
KL
Zabon va qismi balum (namud az bolo): 1 – nugi zabon; 2 – tanai zabon; 3 – kanori zabon; 4 – juyaki mobayni zabon; 5 – pistonakhoi bargakmonand; 6 – pistonakhoi zanburugmonand; 7 – pistonakhoi novashakl; 8 – juyaki sarhadi; 9 – surokhi sarbastai zabon; 10 – bekhi zabon; 11 – bodomaki zabon; 12 – chini zabonu boloi halqum; 13 – sarpushi gulu; 14 – chuqurchai nokshakl; 15 – chini obgirakshaklu hanjara; 16 – rogi sado; 17 – choki bayniobgirakshakl.
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LATIFAHO
TUYONA OYAD… SHakhse ba dustash uzr ovard:j – Bubakhsh, man ba tuyat rafta nametavonam. Vay …