Timsoh

Timsohho khazandahoi nisbatan inkishofyoftai qadima meboshand. Dar guzashta timsoh dar obanborhoi garmi hamai qitakho (khususan dar Amerikai Janubi, Afrika, Osiyo) bisyor vomekhurd. Timsoh toraft kam shuda istodaast. Onro baroi pusti mustahkamu zebo doshtanash shikor mekunand. Hatto baze davlathoi Afrika, ki dar sohili Nil joy giriftaand, fermahoi makhsusi timsohparvari dorand. Darozii timsohkho az 2 to 10 m buda, az jihati zohiri onho ba kaltakalos monand meshavand. Du juft poyi kutoh doshta dumi yak andoza pahn dorand.

Az Hinduston va Amerika timsohi murdai kadimaero yoftand, ki 20 m darozi doshtaast. Tumai timsoh odatan Mohi, qurboqqa, parranda va hayvonhoi khurdu kaloni shirkhur buda, bazeash ba odam ham hujum mekunad. CHashmu surokhii binii on dar qismi boloi sarash joy giriftaast va sarashro az ob bolo bardoshta nafas megiradu mebinad va boz ba ob pinhon meshavad. Vaqte ki timsoh ba tagi ob meravad, surokhihoi bini va gushhoyash ba vositai sarpushkho pushida meshavand. Onho bo yorii dum va poyhoi aqibashon, ki dar bayni angupggonashon pardahoi shinovari dorand, nagz shino mekunand. Dandonhoi kalonu tezi in darrandaho khele khatarnokand.

Timsoh dar joyhoi pastob. sokhili ob, dar boloi chubu jismhoi dar ob shinokunanda nagz istirohat karda, dar khushki bazur harakat mekunad. Bazei timsohho dar sohil ba khud gor mekoband. Timsoh dar qabati kumi khushku garmi sohilho dar chuqurii konusmonand tukhm meguzorad. Tukhmi on pusti ohakin sakht doshta, va hajman ba tukhmi koz barobar ast. Farqash az tukhmi kaltakalos on ast, ki ba gayr az moddai zardi safeda ham dorad.

Ruyi tukhmhoro bo per, alaf, shokhu barg mepushonad. Timsohi modina khonai khudro muhofizat mekunad. Honai timsoh sernalu garm ast. Bad az 3 moh az tukhmho timsohchaho mebaroyand, ki 20- 25 sm darozi dorand. Hususiyati khosi timsoh on ast, ki dilash 4-khonagi, shushash serdevora, chashmash mijazan ast. Avlodi onho qarib 180 mln. sol pesh ba vujud omadaand.

YAke az namudhoi timsohi hozira — timsohi daryoi Nil meboshad, ki to 10 m darozi dorad.

Namudi digarash timsohi khitoi meboshad, ki dar daryohoi Hinduston hayot ba cap mebarand. Vay bo nuli darozash az timsohi nili farq mekunad. Onho hayoti khudro asosan dar ob guzaronda, dar vaqti khushk shudani ob bo rohi khushki ba obi digar rafta metavonand. Dar dahonashon dandonhoi yakkhela dorand. Dandonhoi onho duoshyona (jogiyu komi) meboshand. Uzvhoi jinsiashon nagz ayon ast. Bordorshaviashon daruni meguzarad. Badanashon bo pulakchahoi siparshakli ustukhoni pushida shudaast. Onho hayvonoti obi, obkhokiyu mollyuskho va parrandayu khazandayu shirkhurkhoi sohilro sayd mskunand. Hatto ba aspu gov va odam, ki ba sohil meoyand, hamla mekunand. Timsoh tumai az sohil doshtaashro ba ob kashola karda, pora-pora mekunad, vale hayvonoti khurdro dar joyash furu mebarad.