Tarikhi khonii Huqand

Fargona dar okhirhoi asri XVIII nimmustaqil shuda bud. Dar asri XVIII in mulk az jihati mavqei jugrofii khud nazar ba Bukhoro, Heva va Toshkand vaziyati afzaliyatnoktare dosht. Zero bisyor hodisoti kharobiovar, az jumla futuhoti Nodirshoh, to on jo asar nakarda budand. Az in ru, aholii Fargona khele afzuda, iqtidori iqtisodii on ziyod meshud. Hamin bud, ki baroi tasisi davlati mustaqil zamina va imkoniyathoi musoid muhayyo gardid.

YAke az avvalin khonhoi Huqand SHohrukhkhon (1709-1721) nom dosht. Hokimi Uroteppa va Hujand Okbutabi dukhtari uro ba aqdi nikohi khud darovarda, ba khonii Huqand domod shud. Dar navbati khud u dukhtarashro ba khoni Huqand Rahimkhon (1721-1735) medihad. Vale bo vujudi kheshutabori, hokimi Uroteppa va Hujand namekhost, ki «Qalai Rahimkhon», yane shahri Huqand, mustahkam gashta, bo u hamsarhad gardad. Binobar in Oqbutabi domodashro ba mehmoni pazirufta, mekhost uro ba qatl rasonad. Rahimkhon az in naqsha ogoh gashta, mulki padararusashro tark namud.

Oqbutabi az naqshai khud dast nakashida bud. U bo rohi vadahoi bardurug bori digar Rahimkhonro davat namuda, dar Hujand mehmondori namud. Honi javoni Huqand bori digar az makkorii Oqbutabi ogoh gashta, shabona ba khonai khobi padararusash dokhil shud va uro bo du pisarash ba qatl rasond. Soli 1734 yak qismi mulkhoi tobei Oqbutabi ba Rahimkhon guzasht. In galabai be jang sabab shud, ki khonigarii Huqand az dushmani nisbatan tavonoi khud emin gashta, khamchun davlati mustaqil arzi vujud namoyad.

Dere naguzashta, hokimi Uroteppa tavonist Hujandro az nav tobei khud gardonad. SHahri mazkur dar nimai duyumi asri XVIII borho bo rohi silokh az itoati Uroteppa baromada, ba khonhoi Huqand tobe gashtaast.

Dar zamoni hukmronii namoyandai qabilai ming Irdonabi (1751-1769) va Norbutabi (1763-1799) tashakkuli khonigarii Huqand ba okhir rasid. Hukmronii khonadoni mingho dar in mulk ogoz yoft.

Norbutabi pesh az ba sari hokimiyat omadan, bo hokimoni Uroteppa Fozilbi va Hudoyor devonbegi dusti dosht. Vaqte ki u firori gashta ba Uroteppa omad, Fozilbi qalai Qizili va dehahoi tobei onro ba Norbutabi dod. U bo Hudoyor devonabegi rafoqat dosht. Bo vujudi in, badi ba sari hokimiyat omadan, Norbutabi lashkar kashida, Hujand va Urotepparo zabt namud. Irisqulibi hokimi Uroteppa tain shud. Hukmronii U, yane tobeiyati in shahr ba khoni Huqand se sol davom kard.

Hudoyor devonbegi bo hokimoni SHahrisabzu Urgut zabon yak karda, bo yorii lashkari in mulkho Uroteppa va Hujandro zabt namud. Irisqulibii halok gasht.

Honhoi davlati javoni Huqand az ibtidoi avvali barqaror gashtani hokimiyati khud na tankho bo hokimoni Uroteppavu Hujand va mulkhoi digari nisbatan khurd, balki bo feodaloni alohida, guruhho va qabilahoi bodiyanishin niz muboriza meburdand. CHunki meboist davlati khudro az hujumi qabilahoi hamsoyai kirgizu qipchoq muhofizat namoyand. Zero onho tez-tez ba dehahoi mardumi muqimi hamla meovardand. Mardumi baze shahrho ham az dasti onho ba dod omada budand. Baroi ijroi in kor lashkari purkuvvati nizomi tashkil kardan lozim meomad (YAk qismi lashkari khonhoi Huqand az Mastchoh va Darvoz budand).

Bad az janghoi duru daroz ba khonhoi Huqand muyassar gasht, ki dar okhiri asri XVIII davlati nisbatan purquvvate tashkil kunand. In mulk yake az khonigarihoi kalontarini Osiyoi Miyona ba hisob rafta, bo amorati Bukhoro va khonii Heva hamvazn gasht.

Dar qismati shimoli Osiyoi Miyona khonii Heva arzi vuchud dosht. Dar asri XVIII in davlat davrai khele sakhti jangu jidolhoi baynikhudiro az cap meguzarond. Ba zammi in, dar solhoi 60-i asri mazkur sarosari onro gurusnagi va vabo faro girift. Dar Heva qarib odam namond. Ba khoni in mulk Muhammadamini kungurot (1763-1790) muyassar gasht, ki tartibu nizomi muayyan jori namoyad. U inchunin hukmronii sulolai kungurotro dar Heva asos guzosht, ki to solhoi 1920 onho davlati khoniro idora kardand.

Hamin tariq, dar nimai duyumi asri XVIII dar sarzamini Osiyoi Miyona yakchand davlathoi mustaqili feodali arzi vujud doshtand-amorati Bukhoro, khonigarihoi Huqand va Heva, mulki Uroteppa va Hisor. Bayni khar kadomi onho raqobati doimi vujud dosht, ki dar asri XIX ba janghoi khunin va parokandagii bazei onho ovarda rasond.