TULUI NAV (Ocherk)

NISHONAHO

Aznavsozi! In kalima ba hayoti mo tez dokhil gardida, yak junbishi nusratbakhshu ruhafzoero ba vujud ovard. Dar hama jo sayu kushishi aznavsozi dark meshavad, nasimi tozavu ruhafzo sayr mekunad. Zindagi jilo va tobishhoi rangin girifta, nafasi garmi hayot ehsos meshavad. YOd meoyad, Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachyov namoishgohro dar Vladivostok tamosho namuda, mufassal az kori sokhtmoni manzil mepursid. Korho bad: 48 hazor oila dar navbati khona istodaand, ilova bar in az se yak qismashon ziyoda az 10 sol.

– CHaro in hol ruy dod? – ba raisi komijroiyai shahr in savol doda shud.

– Tanho az rui vijdon javob deh, – ogoh kard uro kotibi yakumi komiteti partiyavii kishvar.

– Albatta, az rui vijdon, naboshad boz chi khel! – bo hayrat nigoh kard M. S. Gorbachyov. – Agar hila kuned, suhbati mo lozim nest.

Az rui vijdon! In talabot tamomi vokhurihoi SHarqi Durro dar bar megirift. Va odamon haqiqatro meguftand. Safedro safedu, siyohro siyoh. Bediplomatiya meguftand, gohho sakht va  hatto bo qahr. Odamon az betartibiyu benizomi sukhan mekardand. Az pusht boshad, ba gush merasid: «Dahshat! Onho chi meguyand! Nakhod dar mo yagon muvaffaqiyat naboshad!».

Handaovar? Ne, gamangez! Odamon namekhohand ba tavri kuhna qadam guzorand. Onho aknun hushyorona, boshuurona, bo masuliyati tom, bo tarzu usuli nav kor kardanro meomuzand. Quvvatu qobiliyatashonro bo kamoli gayrat bahri gul gulshukufii Vatan sarf kardan mekhohand.

Komyobihoro bo nazari tanqid chen karda, sahvu khato va kambudihoro oshkor sokhta, zakhiravu imkoniyathoro justa meyoband.

Ore, talabi partiya, davru zamon hamin ast: ba koru bori khud bo nazari nav, bo nazari tanqid nigarem, az tarzu usulhoi quhnavu zabonzada qatiyan dast kashem, vazifahoi zahmattalab, base masul, vale dar ayni hol pursharafu boiftikhoramonro sofdilona, az tahi dil, bo shavqu zavq, ragbati ziyod, prinsipiali va sertalabi ba khud, ba digaron ba jo ovarem.

Amri dil va maslihati malum «safar kardan – jahon didan» moro ba Ittihodiyai istehsolii matohoi pakhtagini Dushanbe  ovard. Dar poytakht az in khojagi dida kalontar korkhonae nest. Kollektivi nuhhazornafarai in korkhonai azim dar hamai chor fabrikai asosii khud bo mehnati bunyodkorona sadoqat va qahramoniho zohir mekunand.

Onho az on fakhr mekunand, ki dah foizi mahsuloti shahrro istehsol menamoyand. Imruz ittihodiya pirohani khudro ivaz kardaast.

Qarib ponzdah sol meshavad bo in korkhona shinosam. Voqifam, ki in solho baroi ittihodiya davrai muhim, davrai tashakkulyobi gardidand. Ba joi fabrikai kuhna korpushoi navi hozirazamon sokhta shudand, dastgohu avtomathoi kamiqtidorro tajhizoti purmahsultarin ivaz namudand.

Davrai tashakkulyobi… Ayon ast, ki korkhona na faqat az jihati tekhniki tashakkul yoftaast. Dar in solho hamchunin korgari imruzai balandikhtisos, injeneri mustaqil, tashabbuskor, rohbari kordonu dilsuz, khullas, odamoni nav ba kamol rasid. In, chunon ki dar Plenumi iyunii (soli 1983) KM KPSS qayd  karda shud, «orzuyu armoni dur ne, balki voqeiyati ruzhoi most…». Agar si sol muqaddam ba Roziya Qurbonova meguftand, ki vaqtash meoyadu u dastgohhoi murakkabtarinro idora karda, dar halli maslahoi davlati shirkat mevarzad, kitf darham mekashid.

Ammo Roziya Qurbonova imruz odami namoyon, Qahramoni Mehnati Sosialisti, jonishini direktori generali oid ba korhoi tarbiyavi. In hama az hunarash.

Hamrohi Roziya Qurbonova qadam mezanam. U khomush ast. Ki medonad, ki holo dar dili u chi fikru andeshaho tugyon doshtand. Vale dar nigohi u yak jahon mehru muhabbatro nisbat ba in korgoh didan mumkin bud. Sukhanoni yak vaqt guftai u ba yodam omad: «Solhoi behtarin va ajoibtarini hayotam sarfi hamin korkhona shud. Va az in shodu mamnunam. Ittihodiya dar magz andar magzi dilu jonam joy giriftaast».

– Nagz, bisyor nagz, shud, – meguft Roziya Qurbonova, – ki dar anjumani XXVII kommunistoni mamlakat az nuqsu illathoi mavjuda, az magalu hayohuy, az izofanavisiho, az raporthoi bezaminivu «Urra»-guihoi mutantan beparda, ruirost sukhan raft.

Medidam va mushohida mekardam, ki ruhiyai ham korgaru ham rohbar bolida, dastu dilho ba koru zindagi, garm, fikru aqidaho yak:

– Az vada ba vafo, az gap ba amal!

Ahliyu tifoqii korgaronro dida, misrahoi shoiri buzurgi zamon, farzandi arjmandi khalqi tojik Mirzo Tursunzoda ba yod omad:

              Mardumi khalqhoi gunogun,

              Pisaru dukhtaroni yak Vatanem,

              Nuri yak subhu yak taronai dil,

              Gulu guldastahoi yak chamanem.

Mehnati faolonai odamon simoi zohirii fabrikahoro ham tagir dodaast: dar on ruhiyai kordoni va tashabbuskori mushohida meshavad. Dar binohoi mamuri, maishi va atrofi on, vositahoi ayoni, ki az jushu khurushi musobiqai sosialisti shahodat medihand, khele oqilona jo ba jo karda shudaand. Dar yak khonai fabrikai duyum, ki onro Honai lenini nomidaand, uhdadorihoi sosialistii kollektiv, sharthoi musobiqai mehnati, lavhai musobiqa ovekhta shudaast. Lavhai «Ki peshsaf?» har ruz az natijahoi khubtarini korgaroni hammusobiqa akhborot medihad. Natijahoi haftaina ba tavri kompleksi jambast va muhokima karda meshavand. Dar yak gushai in khona ba majallavu ruznomaho va televizor joy dodaand. Dar kitobi qaydi chorabinihoi tashviqoti va targiboti ba nomgui bisyore duchor meshavem. Hamai in shohidi sayu kushishi faoloni fabrika baroi az koru bor va rafti musobiqa, vazifahoi siyosi, iqtisodi va hodisayu voqeahoi zamon ogohonidani korgaron meboshad.

Dar khonai digari barhavo va tozavu ozoda kathoi narm mondaand. Dar in khona korgaron badi kor istirohat mekunand. Vaqte ki ba payrohai kalon baromadem, Roziya Qurbonova ba man ru ovarda, pursid:

– Hej chiz pay burdi?

– Ha, agitasiyai ayyoni ham pirohani nav ba bar kardaast.

– Maqul? – pursid bo tabassum.

– Albatta, ayyoniyat oinaest. Odam dar oina shaklu shamoilashro khub mebinad.

– Lekin in holo az nugi khamir fatir. In korro mo bazan gayri konkretona, begayratona ba jo meorem. Ba bisyor shioru plakatho nazar afkanda dar taajjub memonam, ki on ba chi davat mekunad?

«Ehtiyot mekunem». «Bartaraf mesozem». «Ijro menamoem». CHunin ayyoniyat kor nameoyad.

Man dar omadi gap az Roziya Qurbonova pursidam, ki oyo arzon shudani yak qator molhoro oilai onho his kardand yo ne?

– Naboshad chi, – javob dod u. – Mana diruz baroi naberaam forma kharidam. On 19 sumu 50 tin meistod, aknun 15 sum. CHor sumu panjoh tin sarfa shud. Ba in pul baroi naberaho sharbat, meva kharidan mumkin.

– Ba qimmat shudani nushokihoi alkogoli chi baho medihed?

– Qarori durust. Araq ba odam tanho badi meoradu khalos. Biguzor bisyortar kitob, asbobhoi musiqi va sporti barorand, – guft u va bo qahr ilova kard:

– Biguzor nomu nishoni araq nest shavad!

2. TARIHI ZINDA

Roziya Qurbonova maro ba muzei ittihodiya burd, ki hikoyat az diruzu imruzi korkhona mekunad. Ba yod omad, ki nakhustin korkhonai Dushanbe kombinati hunarmandie bud, ki soli 1926 tashkil karda shuda bud va on 14 nafar kosibonro muttahid mekard. 14 nafar-a!

Handaovar. Bale. Lekin in soli 1926 bud. Holo chi? Ba iborai khalq «Farq az zamin to osmon».

Ana sukhan ba raqamho: dar badali 60 sol mahsuloti sanoati 900 barobar afzudaast. Holo sanoati Tojikiston dar yak shabonaruz nisbat ba one ki dar tamomi soli 1926 istehsol karda shuda bud, 21 barobar ziyod mahsulot mebarorad. Kishvare, ki pesh hatto mekhro az berun meovard, imruz khud ba 45  davlati khoriji mahsuloti sanoati mefiristad. Magar in farq az zamin to osmon nest? Bale, az zamin to osmon!

Muzey – tarikhi zindai ittihodiya yake az joyhoi azizu dustdoshtai korgaron ba hisob meravad. Dar in jo tez-tez bofandagonu resandagon, veteranhoi partiya va jangu mehnat, mashaloni istehsolot jam shuda vokhurihoi shavqovaru faromushnashavanda meguzaronand. Korgaroni javon pesh az ba kor qabul shudan muzeyro ziyorat mekunand. Eksponathoi ziyod onhoro bo tarikhi boyu mehnati dilovaronayu qahramononai yake az kalontarin korkhonahoi sanoati sabuki respublika shinos mekunand.

Guyo diruzakak budu allakay qarib nim asr guzashtaast. Soli 1937 dar poytakhti respublikai javonamon sokhtmoni kombinati bofandagi ogoz yoft. In khabarro mehnatkashoni shahr khususan kosibon bo khushnudi peshvoz giriftand. Oho orzu mekardand, ki in korkhona teztar sokhta shavadu dar on kor kunand. Vale on solho bino kardani chunin inshooti buzurg khele mushkil bud. Masoleh namerasid. Ilova bar in, mutakhassison nihoyat kam budand. Bo vujudi in  10 sentyabri soli 1938 sangi avvalini poydevori kombinat bo tantana guzoshta shud. Sar shudani Jangi Buzurgi Vatani ba rafti sokhtmon khalal rasond. Vale sokhtmonchiyon monda nashuda zarbdorona mehnat mekardand. Nihoyat 23 fevrali soli 1942 kombinat ba kor sar kard. Kombinat on vaqt hamagi yak sekhi bofandagi doshtu khalos. Hamon shabu ruz dar kombinat 70 dastgohi bofandagi kor mekard. Hajmi solonai istehsolot 639 hazor metr matoro tashkil medod. Holo boshad, hajmi istehsolot 196 barobar afzuda, 300 hazor duki resandagi, 6 haor dastgohi bofandagi va 24 hazor dukhoi piltaresi doshta, ba mablagi beshtar az 265-million sum mahsulot istehsol menamoyad. Ba kor daromadani kombinati bofandagi dar hayoti respublikai javon na tanho jihati iqtisodi, balki az jihati ijtimoi niz ahamiyati kalon dosht.

Halqi tojik kayho pakhta parvarish mekardu aknun bori avval dar vatani khud ba istehsoli matohoi pakhtagin shuru namud. Talaboti ziyodi aholi bo matohoi pakhtagin qone gardonda shud. Az hama muhimash korkhonai nav ba manbai kadrho, az on jumla, zanoni mahalli tabdil yoft.

Ba hamin maqsad maktabi FZU kushoda shud.

Dar bayni avvalin talabagoni FZU Mariya  Saricheva, Lyudmila Perova-SHatekhina, Saida Ahmadova va digaron budand. Zimni suhbat Saidakhola Ahmadova chunin guft: «Vaqte ki maktabi FZU-ro khatm karda ba kombinat omadam, A. I. Seytlin nido kard:

– Ana, parastui nakhustin parida omad!

Man avval nafahmidam: parastu in jo chi dakhl dorad? U boshad fahmond, ki okhir tu yakumin zani mahalli dar istehsolot hasti! Bad guft, ki hej gap ne chande meguzaradu bisyor zanoni mahalli ba kor meoyand. Hamin kombinat moro ba voya rasond. Soli 1949 usto tain shudam. 12 sol kotibi tashkiloti partiyavi budam. Du bor Deputati Soveti Olii SSSR intikhob gardidam.

Az chunin qadrdoni guyo bolu par mebarovardamu parvoz kardan mekhostam. Abulqosim Lohuti shere dorad, ki ba man khele maqul ast. Dar on satre chunin insho shudaast: «Hejro har chiz kardi, zinda bosh, ey Inqilob!». Guyo in sher dar borai mo gufta shuda boshad, zero mahz revolyusiyai Oktyabr bud, ki kanizhoi behuquqi diruzaro sohiboni maqomi balandtarin gardond».

Bo mururi solho bazai moddiyu tekhnikii korkhona niz mustahkam meshud, kollektivi ahlu tifoq tashakkul meyoft. Soli 1951 navbati yakumi kombinat purra ba kor daromad. Soli 1961 boshad navbati duyum, ki az sekhhoi ravshanu barhavo iborat bud, ba istifoda doda shud. SHaroiti kori bofandagonu resandagon niz khele behtar gardid. Dar natija iqtidori istehsolii kombinat se barobar afzuda, hosilnokii mehnat ba 12,2 foiz, daromad 20 foiz ziyod shuda, sole 12 million sumro tashkil dod. Soli 1966 boshad navbati seyum ba kor daromada, hajmi solonai istehsolot ba 170 million sum rasid…

Roziya Qurbonova rishtai khayoli maro burrida takid kard, ki muzey baroi kor khele zarur ast. Zero behuda «Baroi on ki oyandaro durustar dark namoi, guzashtaro nagz donistan darkor» nameguyand. In sukhanoni Qurbonova shohidi fahmish mohiyati kori kollektivi khud – chun qismi tarkibii kori umumikhalqi budand. «Bigzor har yak korgar fahmad, ki vay koru bori mamlakatro idora mekunad», – talim medod dohii mahbub Vladimir Ilich Lenin. Va sukhanoni zerin az maruzai Siyosii KM KPSS ba sezdi XXVII partiya davomi mantiqii in fikri leniniyand: «Kas khujaini haqiqii zavod va yo kolkhoz, sekh va yo fermai khud nagashta, khujaini mamlakat shuda nametavonad».

Ba muzey boz yak guruh korgaroni nav ba kor omada medaroyand. Avval onho bo tarikhi boyu zindai korkhona shinos meshavand. Sipas Saida Ahmadova ba sukhan mebaroyad.

– Vaqte ki man ba kor omadam, – meguft u, – tajhizoti istehsolot asosan az dastgohhoi oddii resandagii dasti iborat bud, ki ba zur yaktoyashro idora mekardam. Hangomi kor tamomi uzvhoi badani inson kor mekard. Binobar chun ruzi kori ba okhir merasid, chunon lakot meshudam, ki bazur poyamro kashida, ba khona meomadam. Modaram ahvoli maro dida tabassum karda meguft, ki in hej gap ne, dukhtaram. Ahvoli kosibhoi peshtararo medidi, rahmat meomad. Hudamon kirmak medoshtem, pila megiriftem, onro titu toza karda meresidem, metoftem, meboftem, rangu ohar medodem, bad burda mefurukhtem. Az in mehnati dilgirkunanda, az buyu tafti pillapazi kosibon ba bemorihoi gunogun duchor meshudand. Az mehnati pillakashi ham mehnati shohibofi boz murakkabtar bud. CHunin surudi khalqi shohidi holi tabohi bofandagon meboshad:

Dilakam zardob shud az chaq-chaqi bofandagi,

CHashmakam purob shud az rishtahoi kandagi.

Holo chi? Mebofedu khalos. Sekhho barhavo, dastgohho az dastgohhoi peshtara dida hazoron bor behtaru pursamartar…

Avvalin sharorahoi mehri korgari dili korgaroni oyandaro munavvar mesozad.

3. RESANDA – MARD

Bo kotibi byuroi partiyavii fabrikai seyumi resandagi Lidiya Vasilevna Kirichenko mo bevosita dar sekh musohib shudem. Vay kori dastgohhoi navro az nazar meguzarond.

Dar jori kardani tekhnikai nav in fabrika joi fakhriro ishgol mekunad. Dar yak vaqt ham ijro kardani planhoi jorii istehsolot va ivaz kardani moshinhoi kuhna bo nav ba guftan oson ast. In az rohbaroni fabrika va byuroi partiyavi baso daqiqkori va jiddu jahd metalabad. Baroi hamin Lidiya Vasilevnaro hamesha dar sari kor, bari korgaron mebinand. Ore, vay tabiatan hamin khel ast. Ba hama yak khel menigarad. Bayni odamon tafriqa nameguzorad, az hama yak khel talab mekunad. Okhir sarvari kommuniston digar khel shudanash ham mumkin nest. Vaqte ki sarvar ba har kor bahoi obektivona medihadu ba odamon gamkhori zohir menamoyad, manfiati onhoro az manfiati khudash bolo meguzorad, mahbubi hama megardad, obruyu ehtiromash ziyod meshavad.

Vay dar in jo maktabi haqiqii kollektivizm tashkil dod va mahz hamin omil boisi komyobihoi kaloni fabrika gardidand.

– Marhamat, khush omaded, – guyon Lidiya Vasilevna moro ba didani fabrika davat mekunad.

– Fabrikai shumo? – pursidem az u.

– Bale… Hamai baroru nobaroriho, khursandivu khafagii man injost. Hama chiz in jo ayon, dar kafi dast, hamesha peshi chashmonam, hatto ba khobam ham medaroyad.

Bazan chunin meshavad, ki bo yak du sukhan odam botini khudro mekushoyad, beikhtiyor khislathoi favqullodai khubi khudro rui ob mebarorad. Faqat odame, ki ba tavri haqqoni dilbokhtai kasbi khud ast, dar kor ham odati khubi oilaviro faromush nakarda, kasro bo «khush omaded»-i urfi paziroi mekunad, khudash ham ba ostonai korgoh bo khursandi, bo shavqu zavqi purhayajon qadam meguzorad.

Bo hamrohii kotib «molu mulk»-i dar ikhtiyori u budaro az nazar guzaronida, ba khulosae meoyam, ki guyo holo sahifahoi kitobi tarjimaiholii kollektivi mehnatiro varaq zada istodaam. Va har yak sahifai on pur az nishonahoi ozodii shakhsist, ki pesh az hama dar tashabbusu faoliyat vozehu ravshan zohir megardad.

Ba koru bori brigadahoi fabrika shinos shuda, amiqtar mefahmam, ki charo dar sezdi XXVII KPSS brigadahoi peshqadami ba hisobi khojagi guzashta, yacheykahoi ibtidoii khudidorakuni nomida shudand. Brigadai ba pudrat va hisobi khojagi guzashta imkoniyat dorad prinsipi adolati sosialiro purravu vase ba amal, barorad. Daromadi kollektivro khudi kollektiv muvofiqi ishtiroku sahmi har yak korgar dar mehnati umum taqsim mekunad. In, beshubha, boisi rivoju ravnaqi musobiqa megardad.

Tamara Vereshagina, Serofima Qodirova peshsafoni musobiqaand. Ammo nishondihandahoi Sayli Safarova, Hosiyat Burieva niz ruz ba ruz afzuda, ba peshsafon nazdik shuda istodaand. Raqamhoi imruzai lavhai musobiqaro bo raqamhoi solhoi guzashta muqoisa namuda, yak chizi makhsusro mushohida namudem. Tanosubi quvvaho dar fabrika ba darajae tagyir yoftaast, ki aksariyati korgaron ba aqalliyati onho ibrati mehnati zarbdor gardidaand. Peshtar in tavr nabud. On marrae, ki haddi peshqadamon bud, aknun ba haddi kollektiv mubaddal gashtaast.

Dar in fabrika man javonero didam, ki dastu ostin barzada, chobuku chaqqon chand dastgohro idora mekard.

– Hayron meshaved? – bo tabassum guft Lidiya Vasilevna. – Ne, in tamirgar ne, resanda, kommunisti javon Hikmatullo Halimov. CHunon daqiqu khushru va bo mahorat kor mekunad, ki zanon hasad mebarand.

– Oho, u yagona nest-ku, – nazar karda nigoham ba javoni digare aftid.

– Ha, dar bari u sobiq shogirdash Hayrullo SHarifov kor mekunad, – fahmond Kirichenko.

Hikmatullo bo harakathoi ba khud khos nukhoi rishtai kandashudaro yofta sipas bo muhabbatu samimiyati bepoyone dasti shogirdashro doshta chi tavr bastani rishtaro amali nishon medihad.

Albatta javoni navkor dar in lahzaho khudro gum mekunad. In tabiist, zero ibtidoi har kor dushvor ast. Ohista-ohista harakati dastoni shogird qavitar megardad. Dar laboni u tabassum gul mekunad. «Hamai in kori dushvor nabudaast-ku, – tabassumkunon meguyad u, – muhimash azmu khohish doshtan budaast».

Lidiya Vasilevna niz ba sukhan hamroh meshavad: «Az u resandai khub mebaroyad. Ba fikri man kori u az rui havoyu havas nest».

Hayron shudam ki chi khel Hikmatullo in kasbro intikhob kardaast.

– Mondaho! – guftam ba u. – SHumoro ba in jo kadom shamol parronda ovard?

– SHamoli nangu nomus, – u tabassum namud. – O, bined chi qadar javonon dar kuchahoi shahr du dast dar kisa megardand. In jo boshad, korgar namerasad. Oyo savdogari kori mardon ast? Kori haqiqii mardona ana hamin jost!

Dah sol pesh Hikmatullo ba ittihodiya omad. To in davra az mardon kasse resanda nabud: na dar ittihodiya va na dar respublika.

– Ba in, albatta resandai nomi Albina Ivanovna Demina sababgor, – bo khushholi yod meorad Hikmatullo. – Vay dilu niyati maro nagz fahmid.

Bale, ustod fahmid, vale rohbaron shubha kardand: o vay mard ast, resida metavonista boshad?

– Metavonad! – bo bovarii komil guft Demina. – Mo vazifadorem, ki ba u dasti yori daroz kunem. Az mardho niz resandagon chun obu havo zarur ast. Inro hayot, zamon taqozo dorad. Okhir, to kay az kadr tanqisi mekashem?

 – In digar gap, – hamfikr gashtand rohbaron. – Biguzor ba kor shuru namoyad. YOri az mo.

Jasorati Hikmatullo ba bisyoriho maqul nabud. Az in ru, tiri gunoguni gap az har taraf sui u meparid. «Ba mardak ki mondaast resandagiro?». “Davidani gusola to kahdon-ku!».

Boloi sukhta namakob guftagi barin ruzhoi avali kor dastgohho guyo ba vay itoat kardan namekhostand. Harchand harakat mekard zaboni onhoro nameyoft, goho rishta kanda meshud, goho galtakho meaftidand, goho dastgoh az harakat memond. Lekin ba irodai ustodash qoil shud. Alifboi kasb meomukhtu taskin doda meguft: «Sag mejakadu korvon meravad».

Vaqte Hikmatullo qaror dod, ki ba safi partiya dokhil shavad, pesh az hama bo padarash maslihat kard.

– Az on ki qaror dodi kommunst shavi, – guft padar, – khursandam. Vale mekhoham ba tu se maslihat bidiham. Maslihati avvalini man in ast, ki shanu sharafi partiyavii khudro misli gavharaki chashm muhofizat kun. Duyum – sofdilona mehnat karda, faqat ba aqlu zuri bozuvoni khud takya namo, fireftai hama guna sarkhushihoi shubhaovar mabosh. Seyum in ki sarvati khalqro az salomatii khud dida beshtar ehtiyot kun, pesh az on ki non pora kuni in sarvatro ba yod or.

Kommunist shudu ba khizmati Modar – Vatan  davat shud. Hizmatro dar RSS Estoniya ba jo  meovard. Bore hangomi mashq shpulero did. Fikr kard, ki az aftash dar in jo fabrikai bofandagi hast. Badtar fahmid, ki dar haqiqat fabrikai bofandagi budaast va bo ijozati komandir ba ekskursiya raftand. Hamin ki dastgohhoi bofandagiro did, kombinat peshi nazarash omad, dilash gum zad. In dam dar dastgohe rishta kanda shud. Resanda onro bastani shud, Hikmatullo peshdasti kard: «Ijozat dihed?». Resandazan vah gufta ham natavonist rishta basta shud. Hama uro pechonda giriftand.

– Resanda-ku nesti? – pursid yake.

Hikmatulloro chun shinosi derin gusel karda guftand:

– Pas az adoi khizmat ba fabrikai mo biyo. Bo jonu dil qabul mekunem. Arus ham meyobem.

Hikmatullo tabassum karda:

– Maro dar Dushanbe behad intizorand, – guft.

Dar haqiqat ham uro intizor budand, maktub menavishtand, az koru bori brigada naql menamudand.

– Kasbi resandagiro dust medoram, – meguyad Hikmatullo. – Holo ba joi 18 dastgoh 32 dastgoh idora mekunam.

Ana hamin tavr, in javoni navkor, ki kasbi resandagiro az ustodi zabardast omukhta bud, ustodi khudro qoil kard.

Lekin u az korash qanoatmand nest.

– Okhir har ruz meshunavam: «Aka, chit nadori?». «Satin kay meshavad?». Gumon mekuned, ki chitu satin namebarorem. Mebarorem. Kamu gam ham ne: sole 18 million metr chitu satin istehsol mekunem. Ba yagon kas guy, bovar namekunad. 18 million-a! Lekin talabot guftani gap hast. Talaboti khalq. YAne, mo talaboti mardumro qone namekunem. Koramon barobari talabi zamon nest. Binobar in bo masuliyati tom kor mekunem, ki chitu satini alosifat ba dast oyadu talaboti aholi tamin gardad.

CHi khush ast shunidani in sukhanho. Vaqte ki shakhs masuliyati khudro dar nazdi jamiyat his mekunad va manfiatashro bo manfiati jamiyat dar yak mizon medonad, barhaq u dar nazdi vijdoni grajdanii khud pok memonad. Pokii har fard boshad, chu chashmahoi musaffo jori shuda, daryo meshavadu ba pokii jamiyat bois megardad.

– Suratfizoi va aznavsozi, – sukhanashro davom dod u, – meyori talabotro ziyod kardaast. Imruz meyori zindagi – hushyori, meyori  kor – sifat, meyor – peshravi, meyor – beamon fosh kardani haromkhuron, chizparaston, meyor – oshkorbayoni. Va mo az rui in talabho zindagi va muboriza mebarem. Vale bazehoro ruhiyai mayusi, hissi nobovari ba reali budani ijroi vazifahoi peshbinikardai sezdi XXVII KPSS faro giriftaast. Az in mebaroyad, ki hanuz na hama dar nazdi vijdoni khud guzoshtani in masala az jihati psikhologi tayyorand. Ziyoda az in chunin odamone ham yoft meshavand, ki khudro boshuurona dar kanor girifta, chunin aqida dorand, ki guyo baroi qatiyan muayyan namudani mavqe hanuz fursat narasidaast.

– Hayronam, – guft yake az hamin qabilho. – CHi qadar shavqu zavq, chi ehsosote dida meshavadu az digargunsozi hanuz darak nest. Biguzor avval hama kor ba roh monda, shakhsiyati har kas ravshan karda shavad, pas on goh yagon kor meshudagist. Behuda quvva sarf kardan chi lozim? Ana hamin tavr. Biguzor digaron asabi khudro sarf kardan girand, mo boshem asabi khudro baroi fardo ehtiyot namuda, mebinem, ki dar oyanda korho chi tavr surat megirand.

Durust yagon kori kalone nest, ki baze odamon ba on shubha nakarda boshand. In gunna odamon peshtar ham budand, hozir ham hastand. CHaro naboshand? Binobar in baroi on, ki mohiyati in digargunsozihoro fahmida, ba imkoniyati haqiqii onho bovari hosil karda shavad, ham quvvai buzurgi ruhi va ham gayratu tafakkuri nav doshtan lozim. Vale realist boyad bud. SHuuri ruhiyai odamon khud az khud digar nameshavad. Binobar agarchi «on qabilho» khele kam boshand ham, tarze voguzor kardan nashoyad, ki «on qabilho» umuman joy nadoshta boshand. Okhir inho dar bari moyand. Onho dar korhoi harruzai istehsoli, ideologi, akhloqi, oilaviyu maishii mo shirkat dorand. Beparvoii chunin odamon ba khud, ba kore ki ijro mekunand, imruz na kori shakhsi, balki ziyoda az on – problemai miqyosi davlati meboshad. CHunki fursat poy: loqaydona munosibat kardani onho bo aznavsozi khoh-nokhoh ba atrofiyon tasir rasonida, muhiti jamiyatiro bo basillai beharakatiyu karakhti oluda mesozad. Hamon vaqt, ki dar bayni mo odamoni beparvo namonand, ba shakhsi haromkor ruirost guyand, ki jurajon, ki korat  nameshavad va muvofiqi amolash jazo dihand. Hamon vaqt ki odamoni masuliyatshinosu pokvijdonro az har jihat boyadu shoyad qadr kunand.

Ba mo chi namerasad? YAkum dastgirii injeneri. Kori shubai tekhniki dar ittihodiya baso mauliyatnok va murakkab ast. Masalahoi rekonstruksiya va bo tekhnikai nav tamin kardani istehsolot purra ba zimmai on guzoshta shudaast. Omukhtan va zakaz kardani dastgoh va asbobho faqat yak shokhai vazifai onhost. Lekin ba hamin kori khudro ijroshuda shumurda dast ba obi khunuk namezanand. Veteranhoi korkhona naql mekunan, ki peshtar hamai korkunoni injeneriyu-tekhniki dar yak khonacha joy girifta budandu korho khub bud. Holo boshad yak binoi bohashamat baroyashon hatto kami mekunad. Ba har chor korgar yak injener, tekhnik rost meoyad. In khub ast. Vale kani natija? Kani samara?

Nest. YO ki baroyashon kor nest. Hast. Hele bisyor. Mana hamin fabrikai moro girem. Imruz qarib 40 foizi korho dasti ijro meshavand, bisyor amaliyotho nomafhum, dastgohho bekor meistand. Anna kujost maydoni vase baroi injeneron, konstruktorho! Aspi gayratu mahorat qamchin bizaned! Ammo onho in jo – mehmononi kamnamo. Izofa ba on vaqte korgaron yagon ikhtiroe peshnihod mekunand dushmanona peshvoz megirand. Navjue ikhtiroe peshnihod namud, ki prosessi borkunii partovho avtomati kunonda meshud. Vale injeneron guftand: nameshavad. Hub, biguzor in peshnihod tugri naomad, on goh digarashro justan lozim. Nakhod ki borkunii partovho hamin qadar prosessi murakkab boshad. Az hamai in barmeoyad, ki injeneronu konstruktoron ba natijai nihoyat havasmand nestand. CHun ki mohonaashon doimi. Binobar in na tashabbus hastu na chashmi kordoni. Vaqti on rasidaast, ki obruvu nufuzi kori injenerro baland  bardorem.

Komiteti Markazii KPSS dar in bora qarori khube qabul karda bud. Hamai in tadbirhoi dar asosi tajribai Leningrad andeshida shud tavre  tadbiq gardid, ki injeneronu tekhnikho 5-7 sumi muzdi ilovagi giriftand. In khandaovar ast okhir. Injenere ki ejodkor, samarai korash beshtar ast boyad bisyortar haq girad. Va kase ki ba in joda tasodufan aftodaast, boyad az pasi kori digar shavad.

In joi sukhanone ki az minbari sezdi XXVII KPSS sado dodand ba yod omad: «Agar sofdil,  boinsof, pokvijdon va nisbat ba khud sertalab naboshem, odami ideyanok budan mumkin nest». Bo chunin misolhoe, ki afkori odamoni qatori bo fikru mulohizahoi dar hujjathoi partiyavi darjgardida hamradifand, khele bisyor vomekhurem. Mohiyati in zuhurot dar in tezisi lenini khele vozeh bayon shudaast. U gufta bud: «Mo tanho vaqte idora karda metavonem, ki hamai on chiro, ki khalq fahmidaast, durust bayon kunem».

– Soniyan ba mo khonai madaniyat namerasad, – meguft Hikmatullo. – Imruz on chun obu havo zarur. Hush ba mo chi khalal merasonad, ki sozem? Tufaylikhuri. Mesozand guyon khudro  osuda mekunem. Lekin agar behtar kor kunem, mesozem.

Vaqte ki suhbati mo ba okhir merasid, kase luqma partoft:

– Hayriyat, dar borai Hikmatullo ham menavisand…

– CHi navisam?

– Navised ki u – odam! Odami zamoni nav!

– Boz chi?

– Bas, hama mefahmad… Hayr boz ilova kuned, ki yigithoi pasi peshtakhta va rastaho sharm dored, az Hikmatullo ibrat gired…

– Behtarash, ana in khel navised, – nido namud digare. – Hoy, javononi Dushanbe, to kay az hisobi davlat ruz meguzaroned? Faqat khurdanu khob raftan, raqsidan ba shani odami namezebad. Modome, ki davlat gami moro khurda bepul mekhononad, tabobat mekunad, dar piri nafaqa medihad, javobi in hama nekihoro dodan darkor. Okhir, davlat ham az shumo yagon naf binad-diya.

Haq astu rost!

4. MAN FARZANDI HALQAM…

Az minbari forumi kommunistoni mamlakat dar bayni raqamu fakthoe, ki az shahomati potensiali shahodat medihand, az jumla chunin faktu raqamho nom burda shudand. Ba sezdi XXVII KPSS 1352 nafar zanon vakil intikhob shudand, ki in 27 foizi hamai vakilon meboshad. In guna namoyandagii zanon az har jihat dar tarikhi KPSS bori avval mushohida shud. Sol az sol, az sezd to sezd shumorai zanon dar safhoi partiya afzun megardad, holo ziyoda az 5 million zanon azoi partiya meboshand. Onho harchi beshtar ba organhoi intikhobii partiya va ba rohbarii sohahoi mukhtalifi sokhtmoni kommunisti peshbari karda meshavand. In ast dar hayot tatbiqshavii ideyai lenini oid ba afzungardonii shumorai zanon dar rafoqati partiyavii mo.

Sardori yake az brigadahoi resandagiyu bofandagii fabrikai duyum Galina Petrovna Taskaeva, ki dar ittihodiya kasi nameshinokhtagiyu hurmat namekardagi nest, yake az hazoru sesadu panjohu du vakili in sezdi tarikhi gardid.

In zani khoksoru sitoragarm pesh az hama bo mehnati sofdilona va talimu tarbiyai shogirdoni bisyor obru yoftaast. Tarjumai holi Taskaeva ba sokhti ijtimoii davlati mo khos buda, pandomuz meboshad. In kommunist, komandiri sohibtajribai istehsolot az khurdi orzui omuzgor shudan dosht. Vaqte mefahmad, ki ba ittihodiya korgar zarur ast, zodgohi azizash – dehai Kolchadani viloyati Sverdlovskro monda, ba Dushanbe meoyad. Omuzishgohi raqami 28-ro khatm karda, kasbi resandagi meomuzad. Va inak, ponzdah sol ast, ki vay dar ittihodiya purmahsul mehnat karda, az korgari qatori to ba darajai sardori brigada ba kamol rasida, hamchun rohbari istehsolot nom mebarorad. Kommunistoni ittihodiya ba vay bovar namuda, ba safi pursharafi Partiyai Kommunisti qabulash namudand, kommunistoni respublika boshand, dar qatori behtarin hamsafoni khud uro niz ba sezdi XXVII KPSS vakil intikhob kardand. Vay gapashro fikr karda medonistagiash, khulosaashro meguyad.

Odamone ki kasbu kor, kharakteru sinnu soli gunogun doshtandu man bo onho dar borai Taskaeva suhbat mekardam, uro hamchun namoyandai khosi qismi peshqadamtarini muosironamon tasvir namuda, dar haqqi vay bo hissi iftikhor sukhan merondand.

Vay mutlaqo ba beparvoi, bemasuliyati, sahlankori, isrofkori va digar kambudihoe, ki ba kori umumii mo khalal merasonand va ba shani odami soveti dogu isnod meovarand, muroso namekunad. Dar ayni zamon zani halimu khoksor, furutan, khushodobu khushsaliqa.

– Man farzandi khalqam va khizmat ba on baroyam ham qarz, ham farz ast, – meguyad u.

Bale u ba khizmati khalq kamar basta, dar in roh vaqti khud, salomatii khud, umuman yagon chizro dareg namedorad. Ana hamin fidokori, ana hamin jonbozi uro sazovori in hama izzatu ejoz, sazovori etiqodu etimodi kalon gardondaast. In mukofoti amal ast, yane har ki harchi kosht hamon bardosht.

 – CHi joi pinhon kardan, – naql mekunad u. – Mo dar borai progressi tekhniki toraft beshar gap zada, bazan omili asositarin – odamro az maddi nazar dur memonem. YOd doram, ki majlishoi korgari, komsomoli va partiyavi to ba hamin qaribiho chi khel meguzashtand. Gap bisyor meshud. Vale asosan az «plan falon foiz», «ziyoda az plan» barin kalimayu iboraho iborat budu khalos. Odamro – ijrokunandai korro boshad, bazan faromush mekardand. Hozir, badi sezdi partiya dar kollektivi mo ba bisyor chizho digar khel munosibat mekardagi shudand.

Ammo holo ham korho bajo nest.

Dar majlisi hisobotiyu intikhobotii guruhi partiyavii mo, ki allakay shuda guzasht, gayr az gaphoi «purzur mekunem», «baland mebardorem», «vusat medihem» digar chize gufta nashudand. Imruz masala durust guzoshta meshavad: qaror, ki qabul kardai, onro ijro kun! Mo holo vazifahoyamonro khub ba jo nameorem. Dar majlisi komiteti partiyavi masalahoi jori kardani tekhnikai navro shunida qaror qabul kardand. Vale to hol suporishi kam kardani muhlati bekoristii tekhnikai nav ijro nashudaast. Bar khilofi har gunna qarorho bisyor problemahoi istehsoliyu sosiali hal nameshavand.

Hamchunin qarorhoi hukumati respublika ijro namegardand. YAke az onho, ki shash sol pesh qabul shuda bud, vazifador mekard, ki yak qismi fondi manzilii ittihodiya ba ikhtiyori komiteti ijroiyai shahri Dushanbe doda shavad. Qarorhoi digar organhoi boloi, ki maqsad az onho behbudii kori ittihodiya bud, niz ijro nagardidand. Ba Soveti Vazironi respublika komiteti ijroiyai rayoni Hisor itoat nakard. Ba komijroiya dastur doda shuda bud, ki baroi khojagii yorirasoni ittihodiya zamin judo kunad. In chi guftani gap, beetiborii farmon yo qaror? YO bemasuliyati hangomi qabuli onho? Az shaklhoi kuhnai tafakkur, tadbirbozi dast kashidan, na qogazbozi, balki beshtar bo odamon kor kardan lozim ast.

Dar hujjathoi Sezdi XXVII KPSS, dar nutqhoi badisezdii rohbaroni partiya va davlatamon, yak nuqtai khele muhim gashtavu bargashta takror meyoband. In nuqta dar khususi tagyiri shuuri inson va purazob budani prosessi on ast. In nuqta, rosti, maro nihoyat khush omad va shoyad az on sabab boshad, ki on bo kasbu hunari man sakht aloqamand ast:

«Tagyiri shuur ba tufayli dushvorihoi buzurg muyassar meshavad, – takid shudaast dar maruzai bakhshida ba zodruzi dohi, – In dushvorihoro iltifot kardan ba odam, prinsipnoki va adolat, mehruboni, khayrkhohi va samimiyat dar munosibathoi insoni sabuk mekunand. Hozir kumaki manavi bahri tarafdoriyu dastgiri ahamiyati kalon kasb mekunad, qimati sukhani samimi beandoza meafzoyad, ki on odamro bolu par mebakhshad. Be odamgarii haqiqi tamomi gaphoi dar borai omili insoni khushku kholiand. Ba mo dar hama jo va dar har bobat, dar istehsolot, dar loihakashi va sokhtmon, dar ejodi badei, dar munosibathoi odamon zeboi lozim ast!».

Vay kame tavaqquf namudu soni sukhanashro davom dod:

– Oshkoro meguyam, vaqte ki maro ba brigadiri peshbari kardand, in taklifro bo dudilagi qabul kardam. Okhir oson nest bo odamon saru kor doshtan. Odamoni brigada har kheland. Onhoe kam nabudand, ki saram dilam kor mekardand, bazan ba kor namebaromadand. Bisyoriho ba qadri dastgoh, asbobu anjom namerasidand, sarvati korkhonaro ehtiyot namekardand. Korro az munosibat ba odamon sar kardam, ba onho khatogiro gufta zakhiravu imkoniyathoro kushoda medodam, rohhoi ba natijahoi ustuvor noil gashtanro naql mekardam. Onho ba naqli man bodiqkat gush medodand. Bad uslubi hisobi khojagiro jori namudem.

Muzdi ilovagi va hajmi mukofotpuli ham khele afzud. Odamon fahmidand, ki bo tarzi nav kor kardan na faqat ba korkhona, balki ba har yak mehnatkash ham foida meovarad. Imsol qaror dodem, ki plani dusolaro to 70-solagii Oktyabri Kabir ijro kunem. Ruhiyavu kayfiyati hama bolida, dilashon ba kor garm ast. Holo mo ba qudratu imkoniyati khud bovari dorem. Az tajriba khulosa mebaroram: odam ba hama chiz qodir ast. Sanati bo odamon muomila kardan, onhoro az pasi khud burda tavonistanro boyad omukht. Har kasse ki bori garoni ba odamon rohbari kardanro bar dush dorad, boyad hamesha inro dar khotir doshta boshad.

Hamon ruz man bo sitorahoi durakhshoni ittihodiya – vakili sezdi XXVI KPSS Tamara Vereshagina, deputati Soveti Olii SSSR Serofima Qodirova, Qahramoni Mehnati Sosialisti Lidiya Menshikova va boz bo chand korgaron va mutakhassisoni mukhtalif musohib meshudamu mebolidam, ki in jo gami yagonai hama asosan masalahoi sifat, mahsulnokii mehnat va harchi beshtar naf rasonidan ba taraqqiyoti khojagii khalq ast. Andesha va muhokimaronihoi purmagzi korgaronro shunida, kas bovari hosil mekunad, ki inqilobi ilmiyu takhniki va talaboti asri sertashvishi mo donishu mahorati onhoro to ba kadom poyahoi baland inkishof dodast. CHi khele ki direktori generalii ittihodiya, deputati Soveti Olii respublika Abduqayum Nabiev izhor mekunad, panjsolai jori dar hayoti ittihodiya davrai inqilobi haqiqii ilmiyu tekhniki megardad. Dar qatori dastgohhoi navi vatani, moshinhoi khoriji niz ba kor andokhta meshavand. Va hamai in takmilotu aznavsoziho biduni khobondan yo qat kardani istehsolot, yane ba miqdor va sifati istehsoli jorii mato khalal narasonda, ba jo ovarda meshavand.

Hushbakhtona, Abdulqayum Nabiev va digaron rohbaron tahti mafhumi «aznavsozi» tanho bo aznavsozii tekhniki mahdud nashudaand. Dar yake az majlishoi umumii kollektiv direktori generali oshkoro guft: «Mo boyad mahsuloti alosifat istehsol kunem». Bale, mahz hamin tavr. Bovari doram, ki Abdulqayum Nabiev inro behuda naguft. Ruzgori bisyor fidokoroni kollektiv dar doirai «brigada – fabrika – ittihodiya» mahdud nest. Onho, chun korgaroni urali, ukraini, belorusi, ba on manfiatdorand, ki Vatanamon, ki ba odami mehnati huquqi khujaini fabrika, ittihodiya va mamlakati khud budanro dodast, boz ham tavonotar boshad. Mo ba onho dar rohi amali gashtani in maqsadhoi najibashon baror orzu dorem. Orzumandem hamesha ruysurkhu sarbaland boshand!

7 avgusti soli 1986