Portret

Portret janrest, ki tasviri inson yo guruhi odamonro dar naqqoshi faro megirad. Sanati portret yakchand hazor sol pesh ba vujud omad. Avtoportret – tasviri aksi rassom az jonibi khudi u. Maqsadi asosii rassomon tanho tasviri portreti hamgun nest. Portret boyad botini inson, maqomi uro dar jomea inikos namo- yad, ki in talaboti asosi baroi rassom ast.

Ofarandai portret nisbat ba modeli khud (insoni tasviryoban- daro model nomidan mumkin ast) ba tavri khos munosibat menamo- yad. Insoni tasviryobandaro rassom bo nazari shakhsi mebinad, uro tarze, ki ehsos mekunad, tasvir menamoyad.

Portrethoi tamsili tasviri firavnhoi Misri Qadim, obrazhoi Hudo Osiris va modarkhudo Isida.

Ba tasviri portrethoi zindanigori dar davrai Tajaddud ogoz namudand. Dar on zamon portretho ba du namud taqsim shuda, «ido- na» va «kameravi» nom girifta budand. Portrethoi idona dar vaqti idho tasvir karda meshudand. Vaqte ba in rasmho meniga- red, dar huzuraton odamoni khushlibos bo mukofotho va alomathoi khos dar sari sina tasvir meyoband. Portrethoi kameravi, baraks, nisbat ba idona tafovut dorand. Dar in portretho odamonro na dar tolorhoi buzurg va idona, balki dar binoho va hujrahoi khurd tasvir menamoyand («kamera» az kalimai lotini buda, manoyash «hujra» meboshad).

Dar portreti kameravi asosan odami nazdik, kheshu tabor hatmi nest, shinoshoro tasvir menamoyand, zimnan khislat, kayfiyat va tarzi raftori u inikos megardad.