PROGRAMMA – SUPORISH BA KOMPYUTER

Tarzi kori kompyuter ba tarzi kori maynai inson khele shabohat dorad. Dar har du mavrid ham az berun informatsiya qabul karda shuda, dar yagon qismi muayyani onho nigoh doshta meshavad. Bad informatsiyai mavjuda kor karda baromada shuda, tagyir doda meshavad yo bo digar informatsiya muqoisa karda meshavad.

Natijahoi hosilshuda dar shakli informatsiyai nav boz ba berun intiqol karda meshavand.

Novobasta az chunin monandi, bayni maynai inson va kompyuter tafovuti kalon vujud dorad. Maynai inson chun uzvi olitarini organizmi zinda khosiyathoi biologiero sohib ast, ki onho ba moshinho khos nestand. Muhimtarin qobiliyati maynai inson az on iborat ast, ki vay metavonad vobasta az informatsiyai ba on dokhilgashta, masalahoi dar nazdash guzoshta shudaro bo yake az usulhoi behtarin hal namoyad, ki onhoro kase peshaki muayyan nakarda boshad. Kompyuter boshad, tajhizoti elektroni buda, baroi ijro namudani in yo on kor suporishi peshakii makhsusro talab mekunad.

Suporishi kompyuteri boyad hamai marhilahoi halli masalaro aniq va qati dar bar girad. Tanho hangomi ijroshavii hamin shart kompyuter metavonad yagon vazifaro ijro namoyad. Suporishi kompyuteriro odatan programma meguyand.

Programma az majmui komandaho iborat ast. Kompyuter paydarpay komandahoi programmaro ijro namuda, vazifai ba uhdaash guzoshtashudaro ijro menamoyad va natijahoi kori khudro peshkashi istifodabaranda megardonad.

Istifodabarandagoni kompyuterho metavonand az programmahoi tayyor istifoda barand va yo onhoro khudashon sozand. Imruzho sadho hazor majmui (paket) programmaho sokhta shudaand, ki onho dar halli masalahoi hayoti ba tavri vase istifoda burda meshavand. Onho amalan tamomi samthoi faoliyati insonro faro giriftaand. Bo yorii programmaho dar kompyuter ham bozihoi janghoi kayhoniro idora namudan va ham masalahoi dushvortarini matematikiro hal kardan mumkin ast. Ba vositai onho amaliyoti moliyaviro guzaronidan va chun moshini chopkuni, tarzi dokhilkunii matnro az khud namudan mumkin ast. Hulosa, chunin masalaero holo nom burdan khele dushvor ast, ki onro ba vositai kompyuter ijro namudan gayri imkon boshad.

Vobasta az vazifai dar nazdi kompyuter guzoshtashuda, komandahoi programma metavonand khele sodda yo khele murakkab boshand. Masalan, baroi on ki dar ekrani kompyuter kalimai «Tojik» paydo shavad, kifoya ast, ki du se komanda istifoda burda shavad. Vale baroi sokhtani yagon bozii elektronii odditarin hazoron komandaho zarurand.

Hushbakhtona, baroi on ki shumo har dafa bo bozii dustdoshtaaton mashgul shuda tavoned, ba shumo lozim nameoyad, ki hamai on komandahoro az nav ba kompyuter dokhil namoed. Programmahoro dar diskhoi magniti yak marotiba sabt namuda, onhoro yakchand marotiba istifoda burdan mumkin ast.

Majmui programmahoi moshiniro taminoti programmavii on menomand. Taminoti programmavii kompyuterhoi hozirazamon az sadho hazor programmahoi gunogun iborat ast. Bazei onhoro programmahoi sistemavi, bazeashonro programmahoi amali, bazeashonro zabonhoi programmasozi va gayra meguyand.

 Savolho:

1. Bayni kompyuter va maynai inson chi umumiyat hast?
2. Kompyuter az maynai inson chi tafovut dorad?
3. Programma chist?
4. Taminoti programmavi gufta chiro mefahmed?
5. Kadom namudhoi programmahoro medoned?

 Suporish:

1. Matni oid ba mavzuro bodiqqat khoned va onro naql kuned.
2. Oidi ba imkoniyathoi kompyuter va programmahoi kompyuteri fikratonro dar daftar bayon namoed.