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Oilai angur

Ba oilai angur qarib 700 namudi rastaniho mansub ast. Onho dar mintaqahoi iqlimashon mutadil, subtropiki va tropikii hardu nimkurahoi Zamin pahn shudaand. Ba oilai angur namudhoi shaklashon darakhti, buttagi va chubrost (lianmonand) dokhiland. Joygirshavii barg dar poya va navdaho navbati va rubaru meboshad. SHakli barg khele gunogun ast. Aksaran 3-5 hissashudai panjashakl, panjashakl, parmonand, sechanda yo du marotiba sechandashudai sodda meboshad.

Oilai angurGulhoi khurdi namoyandagoni oilai angur dar khushaguli gunogunshakl joygir shudaand. Gul dujinsa, dar baze holatho yakchinsa (dar natijai inkishof nayoftani gardbarg yo tukhmdon) meshavad. Dar aksari holatho kosabargho sust inkishof yoftaand. Dar bayni gardbargho va gurak shahddoni doiramonand inkishof yoftaast. Tukhmdon az du mevabargi bo ham payvasg iborat ast. Miqdori gurak ba miqsori lona va mevabarg barobar ast. Gurak dulonagi buda, dar har yak lona dutogi tukhmmugja mavjud ast. Va onho mevai tarro paydo kardaand.

YAke az namoyandahoi pakhngardidai in oila angur meboshad. Angur 4—7 hazor sol pesh az in dar hududi Osiyoi Miyona, Armaniston, Ozarboyjon, Afgoniston,

Eron va YUnonu Rum malum va mashhur bud.

Dar natijai faoliyati ejodkoronai inson dar miqyosi jahon ziyoda az 8 hazor navi angur ba vujud ovarda shudaast. Az in miqsor dar Tojikiston 236 (ki 193-toash navi mahalli meboshad) navi angur parvarish karda meshavad.

Az rui muhlati pukhtanash angurro ba navhoi peshpazak, miyona- pazak va derpazak judo mekunand. Dar tarkibi mevai angur 15—30% qand, 0,5-1,4% kislotai organiki, 65-85% ob, moddahoi nitrogen- dor, namakhoi madani (kaliy, kalsiy, magniy, fosfor, ohan, man- gan), vitaminhoi A, S, V mavjudand.

Istemoli mevai angur ba organizm foidai kalon dorad. Vay hazmi taom va mubodilai moddahoro tezonida, kori asabro purquvvat megardonad. Az in ru, mevai angurro baroi tabobati bemorihoi ruhi, khastashavii jismony, kamkhuni, logari, illathoi dilu gurda va shush tavsiya medihand.

Dar sharoiti Tojikiston anguri khudruy dar balandihoi 1000— 1500 m (dar Badakhshon to balandii 2500 m) az sathi bahr vomekhurad. Navhoi gunoguni angur dar zamonhoi qadim az anguri khudruy ba vujud ovarda shudaand. Anguri khudruy khokro mustahkam karda, onro az shustashavi nigoh medorad.

Angurro asosan bo qalamcha ziyod mekunand. Mevai angurro ba tavri taru toza yo khushk (maviz) istemol me- kunand. Az meva sharbat va shirini tayyor mekunand.

  1. Namoyandagoni oilai angur chi guna khususiyathoi umumi dorand?
  2. Mevai angurro dar kujoho istifoda mebarand?
  3. Anguri khudruy az anguri bogi chi farq dorad?
  4. Angurro chi tavr afzoish medihand?

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