Mehnat, muhojirat va shugli aholi

Tibqi malumoti omori ba holati 1 avgusti soli 2018 muzdi miyonai mehnat 1214,6 somoniro tashkil doda, nisbat ba avvali sol 66,8 somoni yo 5,8 foiz ziyod shudaast. Dar nuh mohi soli 2018 az jonibi sitodhoi korii mahalli oid ba bartarafsozii qarzdorii muzdi mehnat doir ba chorahoi andeshidashuda malumot peshnihod namuda istodaand.

Ba holati 1 avgusti soli 2018 mablagi qarzdori az pardokhti muzdi mehnat (bo nazardoshti qarzhoi peshin) dar miqyosi jumhuri 23655,1 hazor somoni meboshad va nisbat ba avvali sol 4808,6 hazor somoni va yo 27 foiz kohish yoftaast.

Qarzdorii muzdi mehnat dar viloyati Sugd 10 066,3 hazor somoni, dar viloyati Hatlon 5801,9 hazor somoni, dar nohiyahoi tobei jumhuri 6529,0 hazor somoni, dar shahri Dushanbe 645,9 hazor somoni va VMKB 612,0 hazor somoni meboshad.

Ziyodshavii  qarzdorii muzdi mehnat dar VMKB 182 hazor somoni va viloyati Hatlon 687,9  hazor somoni ba nazar merasad.

Qohish yoftani qarzdorii muzdi mehnat dar viloyati Sugd ba andozai 271,5 hazor somoni, shahri Dushanbe 1673,1 hazor somoni va NTJ 3734,4 hazor somoni ba qayd girifta shudaast.

Tahlilho nishon medihand, ki sababu omilhoi paydoish va  mavjudiyati qarzdori az muzdi mehnat dar sohahoi iqtisodi jumhuri gunogunand. Az jumla, dar shahru nohiyahoi jumhuri ijro nashudani naqshai daromadi bujet, az tarafi farmoishgaron pardokht nashudani mablagi korhoi ijroshuda, gun nakardani andozhoi mahalli, ba furush naraftani mahsulot, sari vaqt mablagguzori nagardidan az tarafi sarmoyaguzoron, gayri maqsadnok istifoda namudani mablaghoi muzdi mehnat va gayra meboshand.

Tibqi malumoti varaqahoi muhojirati az jumhuri 359 054 nafar shahrvand ba khoriji kishvar ba muhojirati mehnati safar namudaand, ki az inho 310 359  nafar mard va 48 695 nafar zan  meboshand. Az jumla, ba Federatsiyai Rossiya 343 912 nafar va ba Qazoqiston  9571 nafar safar kardaand.

Rafti muhojirati mehnati ba khorija nisbat ba hamin davrai soli guzashta 32 344 nafar yo in ki 8 foiz kam shudaast. Dar in davra az khoriji kishvar 279 398  nafar muhojiri mehnati ba vatan bozgashtand, az in 228533 nafar mard va 50865 nafar zan meboshand, ki nisbat ba hamin davrai soli guzashta 4694 nafar, yo in ki 2 foiz ziyod shudaast.

Dar dokhili kishvar bo joyi kor tamin namudani muhojironi mehnati – shahrvandoni Jumhurii Tojikiston, ki voridshaviashon ba muddati muayyan ba Federatsiyai Rossiya man gardidaast, yake az masalahoi muhimi in samt mahsub meboshad.

Bo nazardoshti in va bo maqsadi bo joyi kor tamin namudani in kategoriyai shahrvandon tibqi farmoishi Vaziri mehnat, muhojirat va shugli aholii Jumhurii Tojikiston az 7 apreli soli 2015, №57 «Dar borai tasdiqi Barnomai bokortaminkunii shahrvandoni Jumhurii Tojikiston – muhojironi mehnati, ki voridshaviashon ba FR va digar kishvarho man ast» az jonibi sokhtorhoi vazorat dar shahru nohiyahoi jumhuri ba 4638 nafar ba kasbomuzi va ba 2296 nafar tavsiya baroi joyi kor dar dokhili kishvar doda shud. Dar natija 944 nafar sohibi kasb gardida, 621 nafar bo joyi kori doimi tamin karda shudand.

Hamzamon shirkathoe, ki baroi jalbi quvvai korii khoriji ba jumhuri ijozatnoma dorand, dar barobari jalbi shahrvandoni khoriji tanosubi bokortaminkunii shahrvandoni vataniro rioya namuda, 7110 nafar shahrvandonero, ki voridshavii onho ba Federatsiyai Rossiya man shudaast, ba kor jalb namudand. Dar majmu dar davrai hisoboti 7731 nafar chunin shahrvandon bo joyhoi kori dar dokhili kishvar tamin karda shudand.

Dar davrai hisoboti ba maqomoti mehnat va shugli aholi 102689 nafar shahrvand murojiat namudand, ki 72273 nafari onho hamchun korju ba qayd girifta shuda, ba 44344  nafar rasman maqomi bekori doda shud. Tavassuti tatbiqi chorabinihoi Barnomai davlatii musoidat ba shugli aholi dar majmu 47072 nafar shahrvand bo joyhoi kori tamin gardidand.

Az jumla, ba vositai joyhoi korii bandshuda (kvotaho) 3379 nafar va tavassuti tashkili korhoi fardi 2900 nafar sohibi joyi kor shudand.

Dar asosi 249 shartnomahoi tarafayn bo korkhonavu tashkilotho 5206 nafar ba korhoi jamiyati va 16097 nafar az hisobi mablaghoi bujeti barnoma dar markazhoi talimi kasbii maqomoti mehnat va shugli aholi ba omuzishi kasbi faro girifta shudand.

Ba 7942 nafar binobar az dast dodani joyi kor ba muddati to 3 moh kumakpuli baroi bekori pardokht gardid.

Bo maqsadi musoidat baroi daryofti joyi kori munosib ba shahrvandon az jonibi maqomoti mehnat va shugli aholi dar in davra 610 yarmarkai joyhoi korii kholi va vazifahoi ozod guzaronida shuda, 5700 nafar korju dar in yarmarkaho sohibi joyi kor gardidand, ba 5602 nafar rohkhat baroi kasbomuzi doda shud va 1649 nafar ba ijroi korhoi jamiyatii muzdnok safarbar gardida, ba 26318 nafar shahrvand khizmatrasonii kasbi  rasonida  shud.

Tavassuti tashkil va barguzorii yarmarkai joyhoi korii kholi 12951 nafar shahrvandi bekor va korju ba namudhoi gunoguni shugl jalb shudand.

Hamin tavr, dar nuh mohi soli 2018 az jonibi maqomoti mehnat va shugli aholi dar majmu ba 166569 nafar shahrvand khizmatrasonii ijtimoi anjom doda shud.

Dar natijai tadbirhoi andeshida dar nuh mohi soli 2018 durnamoi nishondihandahoi Barnomai davlatii musoidat ba shugli aholii Jumhurii Tojikiston dar sathi 101,6 foiz tamin karda shud.

Davomi nuh mohi soli 2018 tavassuti maqomoti mehnat va shugli aholi jihati mashgul shudan ba faoliyati sohibkori ba 2900 nafar shahrvandi bekor ba andozai 8,5 mln. somoni kumaki moliyavi doda shud, ki az in tedod 1,7 hazor  nafar zan va 1,1 hazor nafar javon buda, mutanosiban sohibi 4,8 mln. somoni va 3,2 mln.somoni kumaki moliyavi gardidand.

Tahlili tarkibi in samti faoliyat dar miqyosi jumhuri nishon medihad, ki shakhsoni bekor zimni barkhurdor shudan az kumakhoi moliyavi asosan ba sohahoi istehsoli, tijorati va khizmatrasoni ba aholi va holo  boshad ba rushdi sohibkori dar bakhshi hunarhoi mardumi mashguland.

Bo elon gardidani soli 2018 soli «Rushdi sayyohi va hunarhoi mardumi», ki baroi ehyo va rushdi hunarhoi mardumi va dar in zamina bo shugl tamin namudani aholi, bakhusus zanonu dukhtaron musoidat menamoyad, korhoi tabligotiyu tashviqoti dar bayni aholi oid ba omuzishi hunarhoi mardumi vase ba roh monda shuda, kurshoi kutohmuddati omuzishi kasbu hunarhoi mardumi dar muassisahoi talimii sistemai vazorat tashkil karda shudand. Dar in zamina 17950 nafar ba omuzishi hunarhoi gunoguni mardumi az qabili, adrasu atlasbofi, zargarivu zarduzi va gayraho jalb karda shudand, ki 22,4 foizi shahrvandoni dar majmu ba kasbomuzi faro giriftashudaro tashkil medihad.

Jihati dastgiri va ehyoi namudhoi gunoguni hunarhoi mardumi ba 763 nafar shahrvandi bekor, bakhusus zanonu dukhtaron ba andozai 2518,4 hazor somoni qarzhoi imtiyoznok doda shud.

Tayi davrai hisoboti az jonibi maqomoti mehnat va shugli aholi ba 7942 nafar shahrvand ba mablagi 3,8 mln. somoni  kumakpuli baroi davrai bekori tain va pardokht gardid, ki 126,5 foizro az durnamoi barnoma tashkil medihad.

Vazorati rushdi iqtisod va savdo dar doirai vakolathoi khud minbad niz tahlili vazi iqtisodi milliro bo nazardoshti ravandhoi globali va tagyiryobii vazi iqtisodi jahonu mintaqa anjom doda, jihati kohish dodani tasiri khavfhoi ehtimoli ba iqtisodi milli chorahoi takhirnopazir meandeshad va az natijaash dar muhlathoi muqarrarshuda ba Hukumati Jumhurii Tojikiston malumoti mufassal manzur menamoyad.