Magzi sari odam

Sokhti magzi sar. Magzi sar dar kholigii kosakhonai sar joy girifta, az magzi darozruya, pulak, magzcha, magzi miyona, magzi mobayni va nimkurahoi kalon iborat meboshad. Magzi sar az moddahoi khokistarrang va safed iborat ast. 

Moddahoi khokistarrang az hujayrahoi asab – neyronho iborat buda, dar dokhili moddai safed guruhi neyronho dar yak joy jam shuda, yadrohoro tashkil mekunand. Moddai safed rohhoi guzaronandagiro hosil namuda qismhoi magzi sarro bo ham payvast mekunad. Mavjudiyati in rohho butunii sistemai markazii asabro tamin mekunad. 

Vazifahoi qismi magzi sar. Magzi darozruya va pulak davomi harommagz buda, vazifai reflektori va guzaronandagiro ijro mekunad. In magz sokhti segmentari nadoshta, az guruhi yadroho iborat ast. Dar in yadroho markazhoi baroi hayot muhim: nafaskashi, hozima, kori dilu ragho mavjudand. Dar holati oseb didani in markazho hayot dar zeri khatar memonad. Inchunin ba in magz tanzimi furubari, khoidan, makidan, qaykuni va sulfa aloqamand ast. Magzi darozruya, pulak va magzi miyona dar yakjoyagi tanai magzi sarro tashkil medihand, ki az onho 12 juft asabhoi kosakhonai sar va magz mebaroyand. In asabho magzi sarro ba uzvhoi hissiyot, mushakho va gadudho mepayvandand. YAk jufti in asab (asabi gumroh) magzi sarro bo uzvhoi dokhili: dil, shush, rudaho va gayra aloqamand mekunad.

Magzcha yake az tarkibhoi magzi sar ba hisob rafta, dar ravandhoi koordinatsiyai (barobarkunii) harakat ishtirok mekunad. Dar holati gayrimuqarrari kor kardani magzcha qobiliyati harakathoi dastu poy va nigoh doshtani muvozinati badanvayron meshavad. CHunin odamon rishtaro ba suzan guzaronida nametavonand, kalavida roh megardand, mushakhoyashon beist larzida meistand, tez monda meshavand va gayra.

Magzi miyona tarkibi bisyoryadroi buda, ba mushakhoi ustukhon muntazam impulshoi asabro mefiristonad. Dar in magz chor teppa mavjud ast. Az in du teppai pesh markazi yakum bosira buda, du teppai aqib markazi yakumi somea ba shumor meravand. 

Magzi mobayni tarkibi muhimtarini magzi sar meboshad. Qarib az tamomi retseptorho khabarho mahz bo magzi mobayni ba qismi qishrii nimkurahoi kalon dokhil meshavand. Inchunin tarkibi in magz az yadrohoi sershumor iborat buda, inho kori uzvhoi gunoguni dokhiliro ba ham muvofiq mesozand. Qismi ziyodi reflekshoi murakkabi harakat, ba monandi rohgardi, davidan, shinovari bo in magz aloqamandand. Dar magzi mobayni inchunin markazhoi tanzimi mubodilai moddaho, khurokkhuri, tashnagi, seri, gurusnagi, khob va tanzimi harorat mavjud ast. Neyronhoi baze yadrohoi in magz tanzimi humoraliro ba jo meorand. 

Saovlho

1. Magzi sar az kadom qismho iborat ast?
2. Magzi darozruya va pulak kadom vazifahoro ijro mekunand?
3. Magzcha kadom vazifaro ijro mekunad?
4. Magzi miyona va mobayni kadom vazifahoro ijro mekunand? 

Kori amali

Sokhti magzi sari odam Tajhizot baroi amaliyot: namunai judoshavandai magzi sari odam (mulyaj). 

Rafti amaliyot:

a) Namunai magzi sarro ba du judo kuned. Az yak nimai namunai judoshavanda magzi darozruya, pulak, magzi miyona va mobayniro yobed. 

b) Joygirshavii moddahoi safedu khokistarrangro dar namuna (mulyaj) bined. Ba khotir ored, ki moddahoi khokistarrang va safed az chi tashkil yoftaand.

v) Magzcharo yobed. Dar on moddahoi khokistarrangu safed chi khel joygir shudaand?

g) Namunai magzi sarro yakjoya kuned. Dar sathi poyoni on joyi baromadi asabhoi kosakhona va magzi sarro yobed.

e) Mazmuni § 9 –i kitobi darsiro omukhta, jadvali zerinro pur kuned: