MUOINAI TIBBi

MUOINAI TIBBi, yake az tarzhoi asosii muoinai tandurustii aholi. M. t. jihati hatmii faoliyati dukhturoni markazhoi salomati, ambulatoriyaho, dispanserho, qismhoi tibbiyu sanitari, bungohhoi tibbi va baze digar muassisahoi tabobatiyu profilaktiki ast. M. t. az rui vazifa va khususiyat ba muoinai peshaki, davri va maqsadnok judo meshavad.
M. t. az muoinai tan va pursishi bemor, chenakhoi antropometri (qad, vazn va g.), tadqiqoti laboratori iborat ast. Hangomi M. t.-i maqsadnok va gumonbar shudan ba kasali dukhtur bemorro ba nazdi digar mutakhassison mefiristad.
Muassisahoe mavjudand, ki khususiyati kori onho kormandoni bilkul solimro talab mekunad va pesh az ba kor qabul shudan, korgaron boyad az M. t.-i qabli guzarand (bo iborai digar, qobiliyati ba in yo on kor mashgul shuda tavonistani odamon sanjida meshavad). In pesh az hama ba zavodho, fabrikaho, sekhho, muassisahoe dakhl dorad, ki kori onho zarari kasbi meorad (korkhonahoi khimiyavi, sekhhoi istehsoli akkomulyator va g.). Az M. t.-i qabli kasone meguzarand, ki kasbi onho boquvvati, ziraki, zudbini, zudshunavoi va g. (mohigiron, ronandaho, lyotchikho va g.)-ro talab mekunad. Navrason pesh az ba kor omadan, sarfi nazar az khususiyati korkhona, az M. t.-i qabli meguzarand.
M. t.-i qabli baroi odamone niz hatmist, ki ba muassisahoi sanoati khurokvori, khuroki jamiyati va savdoi molhoi khuroki, ba hammomho, sartaroshkhonaho, inshooti qaburi ob, muassisahoi tabobatiyu profilaktiki va bachagona ba kor meravand. Dar in holat maqsadi muoina ba muassisahoi nomburda roh nadodani shakhsoni giriftori bemorihoi siroyati, yarahoi rimnok va gelmintozho ast. Odatan, hangomi muoina homiliangezandahoi bemorihoi siroyati budan yo nabudani odamro niz mesanjand.
M. t.-i qabli hamchunin baroi shakhsone hatmist, ki ba donishkadayu kollejho dokhil meshavand. Javonone, ki ba safi Artishi Tojikiston davat meshavand, az M. t.-i qabli meguzarand. Natijai muoina ba khizmati harbi loiq budani onhoro muayyan mesozad. In hangomi taqsimot ba navhoi qushun ba nazar girifta meshavad.
Korgaron, khizmatchiyon, khonandagone, ki badi guzashtan az M. t.-i qabli ba kor qabul shudaand, badi muddati muayyan, odatan, badi chand moh (vale na az du sol ziyod) har sari chand vaqt az M. s. meguzarand.
M. t.-i davri bo maqsadi peshgirii bemoriho ast. On baroi mushohidai vazi salomati, oshkor namudani alomathoi barmahali bemori, az jumla bemorihoi kasbi va sarivaqt tabobat kardani onho guzaronida meshavad.
Usuli asosii M. t.-i davri muoinai to dispanseroni meboshad. Binobar tadrijan jori namudani dispanseronii aholi ahamiyati M. t.-i dispanseri baroi peshgirii kasaliho, oshkor kardani odamoni ba yagon bemori, az jumla amrozi irsi moil va tashkhisi sarivaqtii bemori afzun megardad. Munosibati boshuurona ba muoina, rioyai farmoish va maslihathoi dukhtur samarai M. t.-ro meafzoyad, ba nigahdori va poydorii salomatii aholi yori merasonad.
Hangomi oshkor namudani yagon nishondodi peshomadash nomatlub M. t.-i ommavi amiqtar gashta, ba on mutakhassisoni zaruri jalb karda meshavand, az tadqiqoti laboratorii maqsadnok istifoda menamoyand.
Natijai M. t.-i davriro tahqiq va bo natijai M. t.-i qabli qiyos mekunand. Dar surati oshkor gashtani yagon bemori ba khususiyathoi istehsolot vobastagi doshtan yo nadoshtani on muqarrar karda meshavad. Korgaroni doroi alomathoi amrozi kasbiro zeri nazorati tibbi megirand, dar istehsolot boshad, chorahoi dakhldori sanitariyu gigieni va peshgirii in bemorihoro meandeshand.
M. t.-i qabli va davriro kormandoni qismhoi tibbiyu sanitari, markazhoi salomati, ambulatoriyaho, bungohhoi tibbi va dig. muassisahoi tabobatiyu peshgirii bemoriho, ki ba korkhonahoi muayyan khizmat merasonand, meguzaronand.
M. t.-i davrii kudakon az ruzi tavalludi onho sar meshavad. Kudakoni sinnashon to yaksolaro mohe kamash yak bor, to dusolaro kamash dar se moh yak bor, to sesolaro kamash dar 6 moh yak bor va minbad sole yak marotiba az M. t. guzarondan lozim ast. Maktabbachagon boshand, dar maktabho har sol badi tatili tobistona boyad az M. t.-i hamatarafa, sanjishi binoi va shunavoi guzarand.
M. t.-i maqsadnok to andozae muhim ast. Vazifai on sari vaqt oshkor kardani bemorihoi sil, omoshoi khavfnok, kasalihoi dilu rag, ginekologi va g. meboshad. Ba in guna muoina shakhsoni sinnu sol va kasbashon gunogun, bazan kasone jalb meshavand, ki ba dukhtur bo digar sabab murojiat kardaand. M. t. imkon medihad, ki bemori hanuz dar ibtidoi paydoish oshkor gardad.
Muoinai profilaktikii zanon bo maqsadi muayyan kardani bonuvoni ba tabobat muhtoj guzaronda meshavad. Baze amrozi ginekologi, chunonchi mioma va gazaki muzmini zoidhoi bachadon (nig. Adneksit) dar avvali inkishofi khud noayon davom karda, ba holati umumii zanho tasir namerasonand. Barmahal oshkor namudani onho imkon medihad, ki muolija sari vaqt surat girad. Mutaassifona, baze zanon ahamiyati M. t.-ro nafahmida ba salomatii khud beparvoyona munosibat mekunand, goho binobar serkori va sharmgini az M. t. sar mekashand, bemoriro az vaqtash meguzaronand. Har yak zan, sarfi nazar az sinnu sol, harchand khudro komilan sihat shumorad ham, boyad sole du marotiba ba qabuli dukhturi zanona ravad.
M. t.-i zanonro dukhturoni mushovaragohi zanona bevosita dar on jo yo dar kabinethoi makhsuse, ki dar joi kor mavjud ast, meguzaronand. Dar nazdi markazhoi salomatii nohiyaho va qismhoi tibbii zavodu fabrikaho kabinethoi muoina amal mekunand, ki ba zanon, sarfi nazar az shakli bemori, kumak merasonand. Dar dehot zanon dar kasalkhonahoi mahalla, ambulatoriyaho, bungohhoi feldsheriyu akusheri muoina karda meshavand.
U. R. Rasulov.