KURORT

KURORT, mahallero guyand, ki doroi omilhoi muolijavii tabii (chashmahoi minerali, loi shifobakhsh, iqlimi khos va g.) buda, inshoothoi gidrotekhniki, balneotekhniki, sanatoriyaho va dig. muassisahoi tabobatiyu istirohati mavjudand. K.-ho muvofiqi khususiyati omilhoi muolijavi ba se guruh judo meshavand: balneologi, loyqashifoi, iqlimshifoi. Aksari K.-ho chand omilhoi tabobati dorand: balneologiyu loyqashifoi, balneologiyu iqlimshifoi, iqlimiyu balneologiyu loyqashifoi va g.
Dar K.-hoi balneologi omili asosii muolija obi minerali buda, onro baroi obzan (vanna), dush, obbozi, nushoki (obhoi doroi khlorid, gidrokarbonat, sulfati natriy, kalsiy, magniy va g.), inchunin ingalyatsiya, imola, gargara va g. istifoda mebarand. Dar kurorthoe, ki loi shifobakhsh dorand, loyqai tahnishasti kulhoi shur, loyqai torfi kulho, bazan loyqai vulqoniro ba kor mebarand. Dar kurorthoi iqlimshifoi (klimatoterapiya) az khususiyathoi tabobatii iqlim istifoda mekunand, ki on ba mavqei geografiyu sharoiti mahal, nabotot va balandi (az sathi bahr) vobasta meboshad. Usulhoi asosii tabobat dar K.-hoi iqlimshifoi vannahoi havoi va oftobi, obbozi va g. meboshand.
K.-horo dar labi bahr, kuh, hamvori, jangal, dasht, beshadasht mesozand. Ba baze K.-ho iqlimi nimbiyobon va biyobon khos ast.
Dar K.-ho nafaqat az omilhoi muolijavii tabii istifoda mebarand, balki tadbirhoe niz andeshida meshavand, ki ba ustuvorii organizm bar ziddi bemoriho va tasiroti noguvori iqlim musoidat mekunand. Baroi afzun gardondani tasiri omilhoi tabobati, gayr az usulhoi asosii muolija (balneoterpiya, muolija bo loy, klimatoterapiya), hamchunin tadbirhoi fizioterapevtiva varzishi shifoi niz kor farmuda meshavand. Durust intikhob namudani bemoron baroi tabobati sanatoriyu kurorti ahamiyati kalon dorad. Muolija dar K. boyad muvofiqi tavsiyai tibbi guzaronda shavad.
Hangomi baze bemoriho (mas., sil), badi saktai dil (infarkti miokard) va jarrohi muolija dar sanatoriyayu kurorthoe, ki ba iqlimi onho bemoron odat kardaand, behtar ast. In guna bemoronro dar sanatoriyahoi mahalli va makhsus (tabobati bemorihoi sil, medavu ruda, asab va g.) tabobat boyad kard. Pesh az ba K. raftan, albatta maslihati dukhturi muolijro giriftan lozim.
Tojikiston bo konhoi obi minerali, loi shifobakhsh va mavzehoi tabobatii iqlimu tabiatashon harkhela shuhrat dorad.
Omilhoi asosii muolijavii K.-i iqlimiyu balneologii Hojaobigarm (tasisash s. 1934) iqlim, obi minerali va bugi radonii garm meboshand. Kurorti mazkur dar balandii 1790 – 1960 m az s. b. voqe gardidaast. Omilhoi muolijavii K.-i Obigarm (tasisash 1946), ki dar balandii 1200 – 1380 m az s. b. joy giriftaast, iqlim, obi mineralii radonii sust meboshand. Dar K.-hoi Hojaobigarm va Obigarm amrozi zanona, pust, silsilai asab, uzvhoi harakat, gardishi khun va g. tabobat karda meshavand. K.-i balneologii SHombari dar qalamravi noh. Hisor voqe gashtaast. Haror. obi mineralii on 37 – 420S meboshad. Dar K.-i SHombari uzvhoi hozimaro muolija mekunand.
Dar bayni omilhoi muolijavii tabiii Tojikiston obhoi mineralii Garmchashmai noh. Ishkoshim, Havotogi noh. Istaravshan, chashmai nazdi agbai Anzob, inchunin gili kulhoi Oqsukoni noh. Asht va Tanobchii noh. SHurobodro, ki dar muassisahoi muolijavii dig. istifoda meshavand, niz qayd kardan zarur ast.
K.-hoi jumhuri baroi peshgirii bisyor bemoriho ahamiyati kalon dorand. In khosa baroi onhoe muhim ast, ki safar kardan ba rohi dur va mutobiqat ba sharoiti iqlimi nav baroyashon dushvoriho ejod mekunad. Bino ba malumoti dermatologhoi jumhuri dar sharoiti K.-hoi Tojikiston 80 – 90%-i bemoroni giriftori amrozi pustro metavon muolija namud. Qati nazar az on ki tib dar ikhtiyori khud davohoi gunogun dorad, ahamiyati muolijavii K.-ho besh az pesh meafzoyad. Zeri tasiri omilhoi iqlimshifoi va balneologi nojurihoi faoliyati organizm nisbatan purra barqaror meshavand.