Home / Gunogun / Hujumi Nodirshoh

Hujumi Nodirshoh

Dar solhoi hukmronii namoyandai sulolai Joniyon Abulfayzkhon (1711-1747) dar Osiyoi Miyona davlati yagona vujud nadosht. Dar Samarqand mulki mustaqile ba vujud omada bud, ki bo Bukhoro raqobat mekard. Hokimi Samarqand az bodiyanishinon kumak khost va onho dar davomi haft sol (1723-1730) vodii Zarafshon (Miyonkol)-ro ba kharobazor tabdil dodand. Bo sumi asponi khud manzaravu kishtzor va bogotu tokzorhoi dehqononro poymol namudand. Zaminhoi kisht va charogohhoi mamlakat dar zeri sumi chorpoyoni sershumori bodiyanishinon ba biyobon mubaddal shudand. Qahti, gurusnagi va qashshoqi cap shuda, chandsol hukmfarmoi mekard. Sokinoni Samarqandu Bukhoro ba harsu parokanda gardidand. In vaziyati harajumaraji siyosi va kharobii iqtisodi imkoniyati galabai Nodirshohro oson mesokht. Nodirshoh ki bud?

nodirshoh

Dar ibtidoi asri XVIII Eron davrai mushkilro az cap meguzaronid. YAk qismi mulkro Turkiya ishgol karda bud. Az tarafi digar, qabilahoi afgon ziddi hokimiyati markazii Eron shurish bardoshtand. Az qismati shimoli mamlakat Rusiya yak qismi hududi Ozarboyjonro bo shahri Boku ishgol namud. Dar chunin sharoit sarlashkari Eron Nodirshohi Afshor ba arsai idorakunii davlat omad. U tavonist, ki sarzamini Eronro az afgonho va turkho ozod namuda, mamlakatro muttahid va khudro shohanshohi mulk elon namoyad. Bo hamin dar Eron khonadoni nav, sulolai Afshorho ba sari davlat omad.

Vazifai avvalindarajai Nodirshoh baland bardoshtani iqtisodiyoti Eron va puriqtidor gardonidani lashkar bud. Zabt namudani mulkhoi hamsoya va ba talavu toroj dast zadan peshai shoh shud. Nodirshoh pisarash Rizoqulnkhonro hamrohi sarlashkarash Takhmoskhoni Jaloir baroi ishgoli Balkh ravon karda, khudash ba janubn Afgoniston va Hinduston ravon gasht.

Badi ishgoli Balkh lashkari Rizoqulikhon ba sohili rosti daryoi Amu guzashta, dast ba qatlu gorat zad. Bad az ishgoli Guzor onho ba sui Qarshi harakat kardand. Sokinoni qala va hokimi on baroi imdod ba khoni Bukhoro murojiat namudand. Abulfayzkhon tiramohi soli 1737 bo lashkari khud ba sui Qarshi harakat kard. Hokimoni viloyathoi gunogun, to Toshkandu Huqand bo lashkari khud ba kumaki khoni Bukhoro omadand. Dar ikhtiyori Abulfayzkhon sad hazor lashkar cham omad.

Lashkari khoni Bukhoro safi dushmanro rakhna namuda, dokhili Qapshi gardid. Hol on ki meboist ba jangi ziddi lashkari Eron omada gardad. Az fursat istifoda namuda, Rizoqulikhon tuphoi khudro ba kor andokht. Lashkari Bukhoro bo in namud yaroq shinos nabud va sadoi tupro ham nashunida budand. Ba eroniyon muyassar meshavad, ki ba lashkari Bukhoro talafoti kalon rasonand. Jangi shadid dar nazdi Qarshi ba shikasti lashkari Abulfayzkhon anjom yoft. Mikdori ganimati ba dasti eroniyon rasida haddu kanor nadosht. Kasoni ziyod az tiri tupu zamburak maqtul gashtand. YAk qismi lashkar parokanda shud. Az lashkari sadhazorai khon si hazor boqi mond.

Sarlashkari Eron az galabai khud Nodirshohro, ki on vaqt dar Qandahor meistod, ogoh namud. Inchunin u navishta bud, ki bad az ishgoli Qarshi lashkari khudro ba sui Bukhoro rahsipor megardonad.

Vale Nodirshoh farmon ravon kard, ki lashkari Eron boyad ba sui Balkh aqib gardad. U naqsha dosht, ki avval Hindustonro zabt karda, bad ba sui Movarounnahr lashkar kashad.

Bo hamin amaliyoti lashkari Eron dar khududi khonin Bukhoro zimistoni solhoi 1737-1738 ba okhir rasid.

Vale Nodirshokh muvaqqatan aqibnishini karda bud. U bo tayyorii hamajoniba ba hujumi qati guzashtan mekhost. Hamlai lashkari Rizoqulikhon ba Qarshi baroi padari u zamina shud.

Ilova ba kharobii iqtisodii Osiyoi Miyona, zaif gashtani khoni Bukhoro dar janghoi baynihamdigari, baroi ba osoni zabt namudani in mulk az tarafi Nodirshoh musoidat mekard.

Nodirshoh dar muhoribahoi Qafqoz, Afgoniston va Hinduston zafar yofta, dar soli 1740 az rohi Balkh va CHorjuy ba Movarounnahr dokhil shud. Dar in davra tabaqai ashrofi qabilai mangit dar idorakunii Bukhoro imtiyozi bsshtare paydo mekunad. Nodirshoh maylhoi johtalabonai feodaloni osiyomiyonagiro mohirona istifoda meburd. YAke az onho Muhammadhakim atoliq bud. Pisari u Muhammadrahim ba istiqboli Nodirshoh rafta, dar nazdi u sari itoat furud ovard. Hudi Muhammadhakim, ki az tarafi Abulfayzkhon baron muzokirot ba huzuri Nodirshoh firistoda shuda bud, niz ba manfiati shohi Eron amal kard. Pas az bozgashtan bo amri Nodirshoh Muhammadhakim hukmroni Bukhoro va barodari u Muhammaddoniyolbi hokimi Karmina tann shudand. Ba in tariqa, Bukhoro ba qalamravi Nodirshoh mubaddal gardid.

Hudi hamon sol (1740) Nodirshoh muqovimati Elbarskhonro shikasta, Uro dar muhoriba halok namuda, Hevaro niz zabt kard va ba sari hokimiyat qoimmaqomi khudro nishond. U ham dar Bukhoro va ham dar Heva zakhirahoi ozuqa, pul va digar chizhoi purqimmatro musodira karda. askaroni mahalliro ba qushuni khud khamroh namud.

Pas az vafoti Muhammadhakimbi pisari u Muhammadrahimbi qushuni purquvvat va bointizome tashkil doda isyoni amironi mukholifro furu nishonad. U dar darbori Abulfayzkhon mavqei asosiro ishgol karda, amalan hukmroni davdati khoni gardid.

Soli 1747 Nodirshoh kushta shuda, davlati buzurgi tashkilkardai u ru ba zavol nihod.

Инчунин кобед

urolog

Urologi behtarin az Hinduston oktyabri 2021 ba Tojikiston meoyad

Dar Markazi tibbii «SHafran» muolijai bemorihoi uroloji be jarohi tariqi dastgohhoi endoskopi va lazeri az …