Harakati kasabavi dar Angliya

Tashkilyobii hizbi leyboristi. Dar muborizai khud mehnatkashoni anglis vositai khub doshtand. Tavassuti tred-yunionho ba moshinsozho muyassar shud, ki darozii haftai koriro to ba 54 soat kam kunand. Tred-yunionho tavonistand, ki dar intikhoboti soli 1874 du nomzadi khudro ba vakilii parlament guzaronand.

Dar solhoi 80-um buhroni iqtisodii purzure ba amal omad. Natijai hamin bud, ki mohi fevrali soli 1886 dar Loydon va dar shahrhoi digari mamlakat girdihamoihoi ommavy barpo gardidand. Soli 1887 girdihamoihoi akhdi zahmat boz ham vusat yoftand.

13 noyabri soli 1887 baroi parokanda kardani girdihamoie, ki dar maydoni Trafalgari London barpo shuda bud, politsiya ba kor burda shud. Soli 1889 kishtisozho va korgaroni zavodhoi gaz korpartoy kardand. Ba onho muyassar shud, ki ba ijroi baze talabhoi khud noil shavand. Sohibkoron ruzi korii gazistehsolkunandagonro to ba 8 soat kam kardand. Korgaron dar in solho chandin sozmonhoi khudro tashkil namudand, ba monandi “Ligai namoyandagii korgary”, “Kumitai kooperativii milli” va “Tred-yunionkho”. Onho Bahri hifzi huquqkhoi korgaron faoliyat mekardand.

Dar avvali asri XX ahvoli ijtimoii korgaron va tabaqahoi digari mehnatkashon badtar shud. Az soli 1890 to soli 1912 narkhi navo muttasil baland meshud. Qurbi funt-sterling to ba 19 foiz poyon faromad. Ahvoli korgaronro bekory boz ham vaznintar kard. Dar bayni korgaroni balandikhtisos bekoron 4,9 foizro tashkil mekardand.

Baroi past gardidani shiddati harakati korpartoy sarmoyadoron harakat mekardand, ki chorahoi tasirbakhsh yoband. CHunin lahza baroi onho faro rasid. Dar uzley januby shirkati rohi ohan tavassuti dodgoh az tred-yunionho talab kard, ki zarari az korpartoii korgaron didai shirkatro jubron kunand. Dodgoh talabi in shirkatro qone gardonid. Tred-yunionho ba parlament murojiat kardand, vale dar on jo ham masala ba foidai sohiboni shirkati rohi ohan hal gardid. Hazinai ittifoqhoi kasaba kholy shud. Minbad bar ziddi sohibkoron tavassuti tred-yunionho muboriza burdan amri mahol shud, chunki badi har korpartoy sohibkoron az onho jarima meruyonidand.

Soli 1900 konferensiyai makhsusi tred-yunionho qaror qabul kard, ki Kumitai namoyandagii korgary tashkil karda shavad. Ba on tred-yunionkho, hizbi ozodi korgary, federatsiyai sotsial-demokrati va sozmonhoi digari mehnatkashon dokhil shudand. Soli 1905 Kumita nomi Hizbi Leyboristiro girift. In hizb dar bayni mehnatkashon bo tezy obrui kalon paydo kard. Natijai hamin bud, ki dar intikhoboti soli 1906 ba in hizb muyassar shud, ki 29 nomzadi khudro sohibi vakolatnomahoi vakilii parlament gardonad. Bo hamin faoliyati hizbi navi siyosii Angliya cap shud. Aknun dar Angliya baron hokimiyati davlaty se hizbi siyosi muboriza meburd – hizbi konservatory, hizbi liberaly va hizbi leyboristy.