Harakati khun dar ragho

Fishori khun. Fishori khun dar devorhoi ragho bo quvvai kashishkhurihoi medachai dil paydo meshavad. Fishor dar raghoi gunogun yak khel nest. Fishori khun dar shohrag az hama baland buda, 115-130 mm sutunchai simobro tashkil medihad. Az sababi ba shokhaho judo shudani raghoi sharyon fishor past shuda, dar raghoi sharyoni borik 70-80 mm, dar muyragho 20 mm-ro tashkil medihand. Fishori khun dar raghoi varid past shuda, dar raghoi varidi kholii kovoki qafasi sina ba 5-9 mm barobar ast va onro fishori manfi menomand, chunki az fishori atmosfera past ast.

Nobarobar budani fishor harakati khunro tamin menamoyad. Surati harakati khun ham dar ragho gunogun meboshad: masalan, dar shohrag 50 sm/soniya, dar muyragho – 0,1-1 sm/soniya, dar raghoi varid ba hisobi miyona – 6-20 sm.soniya.

Fishori khunro dar ragi sharyoni bozu ba vositai asbobi makhsus – tanometr, Sfigmomanometr chen mekunand (rasmi 49). Fishori khuni odami javonu solim dar holati muqarrari dar raghoi sharyon ba 120-80 mm/st simob barobar ast.

Nabzi sharyoni. Hangomi har marotiba kashish khurdani medachai chapi dil khun bo shast ba devorhoi mahkami shohrag barkhurda, onhoro meyozonad. In mavji lappish, ba devori raghoi sharyon zud pahn meshavad. Dar joyhoe, ki raghoi sharyoni kalon dar nazdikii sathi badan joy giriftaand, masalan, dar tarafi dokhilii sarpanjahoi dast, chakkaho, pahluhoi gardan va digar joyho lappishi mavzuni devori ragho hiskarda meshavad, ki onro nabzi sharyoni menomand.

Har yak zarbi nabz ba yak tappishi dil muvofiq ast. Az hamin sabab, adadi zarbi dilro dar yak daqiqa az rui zarbhoi nabz hisob kardan mumkin ast.

Harakati khun dar raghoi varid. Devori raghoi varid nisbat ba devori raghoi sharyon khele tunuk va khele narm meboshad. Harakati khunro dar raghoi varid kashishkhurii mushakhoi skelet, ki raghoi varidro pechonidaand, tamin mekunad (rasmi 51). Hun tavassuti raghoi varid faqat ba dil harakat mekunad. Darichahoi hilolshakli dokhili raghoi varid nameguzorand, ki khun ba samti muqobil harakat kunad.

Dar organizm hamesha khun az rui zaruriyat taqsim meshavad: khun vobasta ba ehtiyojoti oksigen va moddahoi gizoi ba yak uzv kamtar va ba uzvi digar bisyortar meoyad. Tagyiryobii bo khun taminshavii uzv bo tagyiroti fosilai raghoi on vobasta ast. Tang shudani andozai ragho ba kashishkhurdani devorhoi on az tasiri asabhoi simpatiki va sistemai markazii asab vobasta ast.

Hormonhoi adrenalin raghoi khungardro tang mekunand. Hamin tavr, fosilai raghoi khungardro sistemai asab va moddahoi faoli biologi tanzim mekunand va onho imkoniyat medihand, ki muvofiqi talaboti organizm amal kunand. Gardishi limfa. Sistemai limfa boisi khorij shudani moei ziyodatii boftaho megardad.

Hamai boftaho doroi muyraghoi limfagii maydatarini sarbasta meboshad. Ba onho moei baynihujayravi dokhil shuda, limfaro ba vujud meorad. Muyraghoi limfagi ba raghoi nisbatan kaloni limfagi payvast meshavand. Raghoi limfagi ba magzi tamomi uzvu boftaho medaroyand. Dar devorhoi dokhili raghoi limfagi darichahoi baroi ba yak samt ravona kardani limfa joygirand. Dar pahlui ragho girehhoi limfa joygir meboshand. Hususan onhoro dar zeri ustukhoni bozu (bagal), dar joi qatshavii zonuyu orinj, kovokii qafasi sina va shikam, gardan didan mumkin ast. Hamai raghoi limfagi dar limfarohhoi qafasi sina jam shuda, ba raghoi varidi kalon kushoda meshavand. Ba in vasila moei ba bofta dokhilshuda boz ba majroi khungard barmegardad. Hamin tavr, khun moei baynihujayravi buda, yakjoya bo limfa muhiti moei dokhilii organizmro tashkil medihand.

 Savol

1. Fishori khun chist?
2. Fishor dar raghoi khungard chi guna ast?
3. Nabzi sharyoni chist va chi tavr onro muayyan mekunand?
4. Hun dar kadom ragho az hama sust harakat mekunad?
5. Limfa chist va dar organizm chi ahamiyat dorad?