HARGUSH va ZARGUSH

NAMUDI ZOHIRII SHIRHURHO DAR MISOLI HARGUSH

Hargush ba qatori khoyandagon nazdik buda, aksariyati khususiyathoi on ba hamai shirkhurho khos ast. Hargush badani darozruya, cap, gardan, dum, du poyi pesh va du poyi aqib, vibris (muylabi hiskunanda), badani pashmnok dorad.

Pashmi khargush az du khel muy (muyi maydai mahin — tibit va muyi darozu gafstari qilshakl) iborat buda, chun nokhunu shokh, sumu sipar, paru pat az moddai khitinii makhsusi pusti ba vujud omadaast, ki sohibashro az khunuki muhofizat mekunad. Pusti badan az qabati beruna (epidermis) va pusti haqiqi (kutis) iborat ast. Dar pust muy, gadudhoi ravgan va araqchudokuni dida meshavad. Az jihati sokhti beruni zargush va khargush bo ham monandi dorand va baze kason fikr mekunand, ki khargush in zargushn khonagi ast, vale in nodurust ast. Dar asl khargushhoi khonagi hast va ham khargushhoi yoboi, ammo zargush va khargush namudhoi gunoguni in qator buda, har du ba oilan zargushshaklho dokhil meshavand.

Hargush az zargush chi farq dorad? Hargushi yobonro az zargush farq kardan oson ast. Hargush poy va gushi nisbatan daroz, dar boloi gush doghoi siyoh dorad. Joygirshavii ustukhonhoi kosan cap, sokhti meda, tarzi zindagi va afzoish khargush az zargush farq mekunad.

Hargushho dar zamin gor kofta, ruzona dar on pinhon meshavand va baroi khurokyobi tanho begohi va shabona mebaroyand. Zargushho boshand, joyi makhsusi zindagi nadorand va dar harkujo pinhod shuda, khudro az dushman muhofizat mekunand. Davrai khomiladorii khargushho 30 ruz davom mekunad. Hargushchahoi navtavalludshuda nobino va barahna buda, qarib yak moh dar gor istoda. modarashonro memakand va pas ba berun mebaroyand.

Davrai homiladorii zargushho boshad, 44-51 ruz davom mekunad, naslash dar batni modina purra meshavad va badi tavallud shudan zargushchaho bino, badanashon bo muy pushida meshavad. Modarzargush bachahoyashro dar harkujo alohida-alohida monda, bo navbat shir medihad va chunin holat yakchand ruz davom mekunad. Bad az on zargushchaho ba zindagii mustaqilona guzashta khurokashonro yofga mekhurand.

Zargushho rangu namudhoi gunogun dorand, ki on ba muhiti zikdagiashon vobasta ast. Masalan, zargushi biyoboni rangi zardu siyohcha va zargushi shimoli rangi safed dorad. Zargushho hayvoni khele tarsonchak buda, khudro az dushman tanho bo rohi tezdavi khalos mekunand.

Zargushkhoi vakhshi, bsshtar dar nishebii tsppahoi buttazor, dar jariho maskan girifta dar zamin baroi az dushman muhofizat kardan va baroi naslguzori gop mekoband. Hurokashon rastani ast. Onho dar zichii buttaho, sangu reshaho dam megirand. Hargush bo poyhoi aqibash, ki darozand, zaminro tela doda mejahad. Nugi angushtoni dastu poyhoyashon changolhoi shohin dorand. CHangolhoi peshi khargush (baroi zaminkobi) inkishof yoftaast. Pashmi khargushu zargush ham misli digar shirkhurho rekhta, ba joyi on pashmi nav mebaroyad. Zimiston pashmi onho ahamiyati muhofizati dorad. Gadudhoi ravganii pust muyro oluda karda, elastikiyu tarnashavanda mekunand.

Dar tarafi shikami zargushkhoi modina misli digar shirkhurho gadudhoi shir bo pistonhoyash joy giriftaand. Gadudhoi shir dar ayyomi okhiri homiladori ba shirtayyorkuni cap mekunand, ki nasli zoidashuda. pistonhoro makida, gadudkhoi shirjudokuniro ba kor faol megardonand. Zargushho dushmanoni bisyore dorand. Onhoro gurg, ruboh, uqob, gurbai vahshi, yuzi siyoh, inchunin odamon shikor mekunand. Binobar in az andak khatar zud gurekhga, pinhon meshavand. Gori onho bisyorroha ast. Dar zargushho khususan uzvi somea inkishof yoftaast va onho sufrai gushashonro chunbonda sadoi pastro ham pay mebarand. Uzvi shommaashon ham nagz inkishof yoftaast, ki bo yorii on khurok meyoband. Dar surokhii biniashon torhoi makhsusi asab hast. Baroi khamin ham zargushho harchoyro bo biniashon buy mekashand. CHashmi zargushho misli chashmi digar shirkhurho pilk va mijgon dorad. Pilkho chashmro az zarar va gubori gardu chang muhofizat mekunand.

Dar ruyi labi boloi khargush va dar boloi chashmonash bandchai muyi darozi duruigg hast, ki azoi lomisa meboshad. Hargushkhoi khonagi raftori khargushhoi yoboiro gum nakardaand. Binobar in dar vaqti dar khona nigoh doshtan onho zaminro kofta, baromada meravand va agap dar qafas nigoh dorem, dar tarafi soyaruyi on az boqimondai alafho lonai khasin mesozand. Agar tarsand, poyhoi aqibashonro sakht-sakhg zada. badanashonro melarzonand.