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Elomiyai HUQUQI BASHAR (Odam – Inson)

Elomiyai “HUQUQI BASHAR” – VSEOBSHAYA DEKLARASIYA PRAV CHELOVEKA (UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS)

Adopted and proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 217 A (III) of 10 Desember 948

Ba iftikhori jashini 50-solagii Sozmoni Milali Muttahid nashr shudaast.

Ba nami Hudoi jonu  khirad.

 HUJJATI MUHIM ASR

10 dekabri soli 1948 Assambleyam Generali (Majmai umumii) Sozmoni Millali Muttahid bo nomi *Elomiyai huquqi bashar» hujjatero qabul kard, ki metavon onro khuchchati mukhimi asr nomid. Insoniyat asrkhoi asr in guna hujjatu chunin munosibati bayni kishvarhoyu qavmu millathoro orzu mekard. Quroni majid khalqhoi musulmonro muttahid sokhta, dar jodai vahdati kulli bashar sahme guzosht. «Elomiyai jahonii huquqi bashar» niz dar in roh qadami nave guzosht, Mo in hujjatro hujjati muhimi asri 20-21 meshumorem. Har yak insoni solimaql onro boyad biomuzad va bahri huquqhoi insonii khud muboriza barad. Muharriron. 

huquqi-bashar

ELOMIYAI HUQUQI BASHAR

PESHGUFTOR

CHui etirofi qadru qimmat, ki ba hamai ahli bashar khos astu huquqhoi barobaru dakhlnopaziri on asosi ozodi adolat va sulhi jahon ast:

CHun tahqiru beetinoi ba huquqi bashar sababi surat giriftani amali vahshiyonae gardidaast, vijdoni bashariyatro sakht ozurdayu ba ejodi dunyo, ki dar on afrodi bashar dar bayonu aqida ozod va az tarsu fikr forig boshand hamchun volotarin orzui bashar elon namkhdaast;

CHun huquqi insonon boyad dar partavi  hukmi qonun himoyat shavad to bashar hamchun okhirin iloj ba qiyomi alayhi zulmu hukmronii mutlaqo majbur nagardad;

CHun ba gustarishi munosibati dustonai miyoni khalqho musoidat kardan zarur ast;

CHun mardumi Millali Muttahid amoni khudro ba huquqi asosii bashar va maqomu arzishi shakhsiyati insoniyu barobarii huquqi mardu zan dar oinnoma elon kardaand va qaror giriftaand, ki baroi peshrafti ijtimoi bikushand dar muhiti ozodtar vazi zindagii behtare ba vujud ovardaand;

chun davlathoi azo uhdador shudaand ba ehtirom rioyati voqeii huquqi0 bashar va ozodihoi ososi bo hamkorii Sozmoni Millali Muttahid musoidat kunand; va

chun husni tafohumi mushtarak nisbat ba in huququ ozodiho baroi ijroi komili in uhdadori ahamiyati buzurg dorad.

ASSAMBLEYAI GENERALI

In elomiyai jahonii huquqi basharro hamchun vazifai mushtaraki tamomi mardumu tamomi davlatho elon medorad, to har fardu har maqomi davlati onro doiman maddi nazar doshta boshand va jiddu jahd kunand, ki bo rohi omuzishu talim va bo tadbirhoi peshravonai milliyu baynanmilali etirofu ijroi umumiyu samarabakhshi onho chi dar miyoni mardumi davlathoi uzvi sozmon va chi dar miyoni mardumi qalamravashon ba ehtiromi huququ ozodiho va tatbiqi onon musoidat kunand.

MODDAI 1

Tamomi odamon ozod ba dunyo meoyandu va az lihozi manzalatu huquq bo kham barobarand. Hama sokhibi aqlu vichdonand, boyad nisbat ba yakdigar barodarvor munosibat namoyand.

MODDAI 2

Har yak inson metavonad biduni tafovute, makhsusan az haysi najod, rangi pust, jins, zabon, mazhab, aqidai siyosi yo har yak aqidai digar va hamchunin baromadi milliyu ijtimoi, sarvat, toifa yo  har mavqeiyati digar boyad az tamomi huququ hama ozodiho, ki dar elomiya zikr shudaast, bahramand gardad.

Bar ilova hej tafovute naboyad ba amal oyad, ki bar asosi vazi siyosi, huquqi va yo sohibikhtiyorii on ba tariqe mahdud shuda boshad.

MODDAI 3

Har kas haqqi hayot, haqqi ozodi va dakhlnopazirii shakhsi dorad.

MODDAI 4

Har inson naboyad dar gulomi yo bandagi nigoh doshta shavad; gulomi va kharidu furushi gulomon ba har shakle, ki vujud dorad, man ast.

MODDAI 5

Har kas naboyad takhti shikanja, jazo yo raftore qaror girad, ki zolimona, berahmona va yo boisi tahqiri sharafu nomusi u boshad.

MODDAI 6

Har kas sarfi nazar az budgohash, haq dorad, hamchun foili huquq shinokhta shavad 

MODDAI 7

Hama dar nazdi qonun barobarandu haq dorand biduni tavofute az himoyai barobari qonun barkhurdor boshand. Hama haq dorand, dar muqobili har huquqshikani, ki khilofi in elomiya boshad va har tariq dar chunin huquqshikaniho ba tavri barobar az himoyati qonun bahramand shavand.

MODDAI 8

Har inson khaq dorad, ki dodgohhoi millii bosalohiyat huquqi uro dar mavridi poymol shudani huquqi asosiash, ki dar Konstitutsiyai (Qonuni asosi) yo qonun ifoda yoftaast barqaror sozand.

MODDAI 9

Kasero khudsarona dastgir, habs yo badarga kardan mumkin nest.

MODDAI 10

Har odam baroi muayyan namudani huququ uhdadorihoyash va muqarrar kardani asoanoki gunohhoi jinoyate, ki ba gardani u guzoshta shudaast, ba tavri barobarii komil huquq dorad, ki parvandai (kori) uro dodgohi mustaqilu betaraf oshkoroyu odilona barrasi kunad.

MODDAI 11

  1. Har kase, ki dar sodir kardani jinoyat gunahgor donista meshavad, to zamone begunoh ast, ki gunohash dar murofiai oshkoroi dodgustaroi, ki dar on baroi himoyai u tamomi imkoniyatho faroham ovarda shudaast, qonunan hanuz isbot nagardidaast.
  2. Kacepo baroi sodir kardani kirdore va yo beharakatti, agar dar vaqti sodir shudani jinoyat, muvofiqi qonunhoi milli va yo huquqi baynalkhalqi jinoyat hisob nashavad, jinoyatkor shumoridan mumkin nest.

Barobari in nazar ba jazoe, ki boyad dar mavridi sodir shudani jinoyat doda meshud, jazoi sakhttar dodan mumkin nest.

MODDAI 12

Ba hayoti shakhsi, oilavii yagon fard dakholati khudsarona va ba dakhlnopazirii manzil, sirri mukotibot, qadru manzalat va obrui u khudsarona qasd kardan mumkin nest. Har fard khukuq dorad, dar mavridi chunin mudokhila yo suiqasd az himoyai qonun barkhurdor gardad.

MODDAI 13

  1. Har inson haq dorad, dar dokhili har davlat ozodona tagyiri makon dihad va makhalli ikomat intikhob kunad.
  2. Har odam hak dorad, mamlakat, az jumla mamlakati khudro, tark kunad va ba mamlakati khud bozgardad.

MODDAI14

  1. Hap kas haq dorad, az taqibot dar digar mamlakat panohgoh juyad va az panohgoh bahramand shavad.
  2. Dar mavride, ki taqibot voqean dar asosi jinoyati gayrisiyosi yo kirdori mukholifi maqsadu usuli Milali Muttahid manzalat va obrui u khudsarona qasd kardan mumkin nest. Har fard khuquq dorad, dar mavridi chunin mudokhila suiqasd az himoyai qonun barkhurdor gardad.

MODDAI 13

Hap inson haq dorad, dar dokhili har davlat ozodona tagyiri makon dihad va mahalli iqomat intikhob kunad.

Har odam haq dorad, mamlakat, az jumla mamlakati khudro, tark kunad va ba mamlakati khud bozgardad.

MODDAI 14

Hap kas haq dorad, az taqibot dar digar mamlakat panohgoh juyad va az panohgoh bahramand shavad.

Dar mavride, ki taqibot voqean dar asosi jinoyati gayrisiyosi yo kirdori mukholifi maqsadu usuli Milali Muttahid boshad, az in haq istifoda namudan mumkin nest.

MODDAI 15

Hap inson huquqi tabaiyat dorad.

Har kasro az tabaiyatash yo az haqqi tagyiri tabaiyat khudsarona mahrum kardan mumkin nest.

MADDAI 16 

Mardu zane, ki ba sinni balogat rasidand, haq dorand, biduni yagon mahdudiyati najodi, milli yo mazhabi izdivoj kunandu oila tashkil namoyand. Onho baroi izdivoj, dar davrai oiladori va dar mavridi taloq barobarhuquqand.

Zanu mard boyad bo rozigi va ikhtiyori komili hamdigar izdivoj kunand.

Oila rukni tabii va asosi jamiyat ast, haq dorad, az pushtibonii jomeayu davlat barkhurdor boshad.

MODDAI 17

  1. Har inson hukuqi molu mulkdorii shakhsi, inchunin mushtarak dorad.
  2. Hej kasro az molu mulkdori khudsarona mahrum kardan mumkin nest.

MODDAI18

Har inson ba ozodii fikr, vijdonu mazhab khukuq dorad.

In huquq ozodona tagyiri mazhab yo etiqod, hamrohi digaron yo alohida, rasmy yo khususy, ozodona omukhtan, ijroi rasmu oinhoi dini va marosimhoro dar bar megirad.

MODDAI19

Har inson huquq dorad, ki aqidai khudro ozodona bayon namoyad. In khukuq ozodonayu bemalol rioyai aqidai khud, ozodona, ba har vosita, sarfi nazar az sarhadhoi davlati, justuju, dastrasu intishori malumotu goyahoro dar bar megirad.

MODDAI 20

Har inson huquqi ozodona dar majlisho, ittihodiyaho shirkat kar­dan dorad.

Kasero majburan ba yagon ittiho chalb kardan mumkin nest.

MODDAI 21

Hap inson haq dorad, dar idorai korhoi mamlakati khud, bevosita yo ba vasilai namoyandagone, ki ozodona intikhob shudand, shirkat varzad.

Har kas dar mamlakatash huquqi barobari shirkat varzidan ba khizmati davlati dorad.

Asosi hokimiyati hukumati boyad irodai mardum boshad. In iroda boyad ba vasilai intikhobi davlat va be sokhtakori, ki bo rohi intikhobi umumy va barobar bo rohi ovozdikhii pinkhoni yoki ba vasilai shaklkhoi digari hamohang, ovozdihii ozodonaro tamin menamoyand, ba amal barovarda meshavad.

MODDAI 22

Har inson hamchun uzvi jamiyat ba taminoti ijtimoiyu tatbiqi huquq baroi nigahdorii qadru manzalat, inkishofi ozodonai shakhsiyati u dar sohai iqtisodi, ijtimoi, farhang ba vositai jiddu jahdi milliyu hamkorii baynalmilali muvofiqi sokhtoru IMKONIYATHOI har davlat haq dorad

M0DDAI 23

  1. Har kas doroi haqqi mehnat, haqqi intikhobi ozodonai koru sharoiti odi lonayu mehnat va haqqi difo az bekorist.
  2. Har inson biduni yagon huquqshikani ba ijroi kori barobar, ba muzdi barobar huquq dorad.
  3. Har korgar ba muzdi odilonayu qanoatbakhsh huquq dorad, ki insonro baroi u va ahli oilaash zindagii sazovore tamin kunad, dar surati zarurat bo digar vositakhoi taminoti inti­moi purra gardad.
  4. Har kas haq dorad, ittifoqhoi kasaba sozmon dihadu baroi himoyai manfiathoi khud ba ittifoqi kasaba dokhil shavad.

MODDAI 24

Har kas ba istirohatu farogat, az jumla khurok, makhdudiyati oqilonai ruzi kor, rukhsatii pulii davri huquq do­rad.

MODDAI25

  1. Har inson ba chunin sathi zindagi, az jumla khurok, pushok, manzil, nigohubini tibbiyu khizmati zarurii inti­moi, ki baroi sihatiyu nekuahvolii khudashu oilaash zarur ast, ba taminot dar mavridhoi bekori, bemori, nuqson, dar mavridi pironsoli, bevagi yo digar holathoi novobasta ba u mahrumiyat az vositahoi zindagi huquq dorad.
  2. Modaronu kudakon ba vasoyati kumak haq dorand. Hamai kudakone, ki dar aqdi nikoh va berun az on tavallud shudaand, boyad az himoyati ijtimoii yakson barkhurdor boshand.

MODDAI 26

  1. Har kas hukuqi takhsil dorad. Aqallan tahsili ibtidoi va umumi boyad bepul boshad. Tahsili ibtidoi boyad hatmi boshad. Talimi kasb boyad dastrasi hamagon boshad. Malumoti oli boyad muvofiqi qobiliyati har kas ba hama yak khel dastras boshad.
  2. Maqsadi talim boyad rushdi hamajonibai shakhsiyati inson, ehtiromi beshtari huququ ozodihoi inson boshad. Talim boyad husni tafohum, burdboriyu dustii tamomi millatho, guruhhoi najodi yo mazhabi va hamchunin ba vusati faoliyati Sozmoni Milali Muttahid dar rohi hifzi sulh musoidat namoyad.
  3. Volidon dar bobati intikhobi navi talimi farzandoni khurdsol haqqi avvaliyat dorand. 

MODDAI 27

Har inson hak dorad, dar hayoti farhangii jomea ozodona shirkat varzad, az hunar bakhra barad, dar pesh- rafti ilm sakhm girad, az dastovardhoi on barkhurdor boshad;

Har kas ba hifzi manfiathoi moddiyu manaviyash, ki samarai kori ilmi, adabi, faoliyati hunariash meboshad hukuq dorad.

MODDAI 28

Har inson ba tartiboti ijtimoiyu baynalkhalqi huquq, dorad ki dar on huququ ozodihoi dar Elomiyai maz- kur zikrshuda komilan amaly shuda metavonad 

MODDAI 29

  1. Har kas dar nazdi jomeae, ki rushdu ozodu kamoloti shakhsiyati u faqat dar on imkonpazir ast, vazifador meboshad.
  2. Dar inson dar bobati tatbiqi huququ ozodihoi khud boyad ba darajae mahdud karda shavad, ki az tarafi qonun bo maqsadi tamini etirofu ehttiromi huququ ozodihoi digaron, qone gardonidani talaboti odilonai akhloqiyu tartiboti jamiyatiyu osudaholii hamagon dar sharoiti jomeai de­mokratie muqarrar gardidand.
  3. Tatbiqi in huququ ozodikho ba khej vajh naboyad khilofi maqsadu usuli Sozmoni Milali Muttakhid boshad 

MODDAI 30

Hej yak az muqarraroti in Elomiya naboyad baroi davlat, guruhe yo farde dodani huquqe tafsir shavad, ki ba yagon faoliyat yo kirdore, ki maqsadash. Bekor kardani hukuqu ozodhoi dar in Elomiya bunyod shuda boshad, asos gardand.

sh. Dushanbe

29.09.95.

Du sukhan ba joi okhirsukhan

Tarjumoni nomalum tarjumai tojikii «elomiyai jahonii huquqi bashar»-ro 8 dekabri soli 1993 dar sahifai duyumi shumorai 126 (18.865) ruznomai «CHumhuriyat» bo hurufi khurd ba tab rasonid.

Honandaho hamon ruz khondandu ruzi digar faromush kardand, ki Assambleyai Generalii Sozmoni Milali Muttahid 10 dekabri soli 1948 bo nomi «Elomiyai hukuqi bashar» hujjate kabul kardaast, ki az jihati mohiyati manavii khud yake az muhimtarin hujjathoi asr ba shumor meravad. In nakhustin khujjati huquqii umumiinsonist, ki dar sathi khukumati kishvarhoi jahon talif, barrasi va tasdiq shudaastu aknun kulli mamolik, kulli millathoi jahon az rui on koru zindagi mekunand.

Ba istiqboli jashni 50-solagii Sozmoni Milali Muttahid donishjui Donishgohi zabonhoi Dushanbe Manijai Tilavzod bori digar «Elomiyai huquqi bashar»-ro ba tojiki tarjuma namud.  U bo tavsiyai muallifi in satrho nuskhahoi inglisiyu rusiyu tojikii in khujjatro tanqidan, ejodkorona, bo diqqati tamom omukhta, tarchumahoro bo asl muqoisa namuda, varianti suftataru mukamaltari tojikii «Elo­miyai khukuqi bashar»-ro ba vujud ovard Hamai khatohoro isloh kard. Matni tarjumai Manijai Tilavzodro man takmil dodam. Akademik Muhammadjon SHakuriyu doktoranti DST Ravshani Rahmoni va nomzadi ilmi tarikh Usmon Eshonqulov lutfan onro tahrir kardand.

Hamin tavr kitobchai «Elomiyai jahonii huquqi bashar» mohi oktyabri soli 1995 ba chop omada gardidu bo puli sakhovatpeshagoni Amriko va bo madadi Saforati Jumhurii Islomii Eron dar Tojikiston nashr shud.

Matni rusi doirai khonandagoni in khujjati rasmiro vase namuda, imkon medihad, ki matni tojiki durust fahmida shavad.

Bozori Tilavzod, dokori ilmi filologiya.

sh. Dushanbe,

03.1195.

PANDI BUZURGON

Pindori nek,

Guftori nek,

Kirdori nek!

         (Zardusht)

Farzandi padar mabosh,

Farzandi bashar bosh.

         (Hikmati khalq)

Kaba chy meravi, dilero daryob.

(Maqol)

YOr ahl ast,

Kor sahl ast.

(Sady)

Dar olam har kase bekor gardad,

Ba chashmi ahli olam khor gardad.

(S. Ayny)

Инчунин кобед

Hurdani obi mani az tarafi mard yo zan

Hurdani obi mani az tarafi zan kori noravo va nosazo ast va inro tib mahkum …