DORUHOI ANTIGISTAMINi

DORUHOI ANTIGISTAMINi, doruhoi ziddigistamini, moddahoe, ki tasiri gistaminro qisman yo purra furu menishonand. Retseptorhoi nisbati gistamin hassos du namud meboshand: H1-retseptorho va H2-retseptorho. Hangomi ba H1-retseptorho tasir rasondani gistamin mushakhoi suftai ruda, bronkhho va bachadon kashish mekhurand; dar mavridi ba H2-retseptorho tasir kardani on boshad, tarashshuhi gadudi meda meafzoyad. Dar raghoi khungard har du namudi retseptorhoi gistamini vujud dorand. Zeri tasiri gistamin angezish yoftani onho boisi past gashtani fishori sharayon meshavad.
Ba doruhoe, ki H1-retseptorhoro intikhoban muhosira mekunand, dimedrol, diprazin, diazolin, suprastin, tavigel va fenkarol mansuband. Ba doruhoe, ki H2-retseptorhoro muhosira menamoyand, simetidin va ranitidin taalluq dorand.
Blokatorhoi H1-retseptorho amalan qarib hama guna tasiroti gistaminro sust mekunand (gayr az tasiri angezishovari on ba tarashshuhi meda). Mas., D. a.-i guruhi mazkur tashannuji mushakhoi suftan bronkhho, ruda va bachadonro, ki zeri tasiri gistamin ba vujud meoyad, peshgiri yo sust mekunand; nufuzpazirii muraghoro zaif sokhta, bo hamin inkishofi varami boftahoro, ki bar asari gistamin zuhur meyobad, peshgiri menamoyand.
Davomoti tasiri bisyor D. a. 3 – 6, tavegil 8 – 12, diazolin to 46 soat ast. Blokatorhoi H1-retseptorhoro asosan hangomi bemorihoi allergii gunogun tain mekunand (sagles, varami angionevrozi, tablarzai khasbedai, konyunktiviti allergi, allergiyai dorui va g.). D. a. zimni ziqi nafas va shoki anafilaksi samarai kam dorand.
Blokatorhoi H2-retseptorho tarashshuhi kislotai khloridro, ki zeri tasiri gistamin, pentagastrin, insulin, kofein va gizo ba vujud meoyad, sust menamoyand. Onho bo hamin roh turshii shirai medaro kam mekunand. Doruhoi mazkur baroi muolijai bemorii zakhmi meda va rudai duvozdahangushta, inchunin digar nojurihoe, ki hangomi onho turshii shirai medaro kam kardan lozim ast, kor farmuda meshavand.