DETERGENTHO

DETERGENTHO (lot. detergens, detergentis – shuyanda), mavode, ki dar tib ba sifati vasoiti shuyanda va gandzudo istifoda meshavand. D.-ro dar laboratoriyahoi biokhimiyavi, hangomi istehsoli baze doruho, fungisidho, dar sanoati khurokvori niz kor mefarmoyand.
Hangomi ba miqdori muayyan dar ob jam shudan, molekullahoi D. ba agregat (mitsella)-ho muttahid megardand. Onho bo ravganho, safedaho, karotinoidho va g. mitsellahoi omekhta hosil karda, baroi ba mahlul guzashtani moddahoi onho musoidat menamoyand (ba sifati vasoiti kozuri istifoda burdani onho ba hamin asos yoftaast). Kislotahoi talkha va namakhoi onho niz hamin khosiyatro dorand. Onho ba tavassuti talkha ba rudai borik roh yofta, ba lipidhoi gizo tasir merasonand. Dar natija lipidho khususiyati dar ob hal shudanro kasb mekunand. Fermenthoi rohi hozima onhoro tajziya karda, baroi dar ruda jabbish yoftan mutobiq megardonand. Baze D. baroi gandzudoii joypushho, zarfhoi shishagi, asbobhoi tibbi kor farmuda meshavand. Bisyor D. kafk hosil mekunand, binobar in baroi istehsoli emulsiyayu marhamho, vasoiti pardoz, margarin, mayonez ba kor meravand.