DERATIZATSIYA

DERATIZATSIYA (Deratisatio; az de … va frans, rat – kallamush), nobud kardani khoyandahoe, ki ba kishovarzi zarari iqtisodi rasonda, hamchunin manba yo pahnkunandai angezandai bemorihoi siroyatii odamon meboshand. D. tadbirhoi profilaktiki va mahvsoziro darbar megirad.
Az lonayu khurok mahrum kardani khoyandaho, peshgiri namudani afzoish, ba binoho roh nadodani onho az jumlai tadbirhoi peshgiri mahsub meshavand. Binobar in galla, ord, sabzavot, gusht va dig. ozuqavoriro faqat dar khammahoi anbor va dar zarfhoi dahonashon basta nigoh medorand. Ba ravzanu surokhhoi havodaro simtur mekashand, ba lonai khoyandaho shishamayda rekhta, rohi daromadashonro beton mekunand, ba tirezai tahkhona va cherdakho oina meshinonand. Tadbirhoi mahvsozi (biologi, mekhaniki, khimiyavi)-ro hatman bo usulhoi peshgiri yakjoya meguzaronand.
Usulhoi biologii D. ba tavassuti gurba, sag va bazan khorpusht nest kardani khoyandahoro dar nazar dorad.
Tarzi mekhanikii D. istifodai domhoi gunogunro darbar megirad. Baroi har chi beshtar doshtani khoyandaho avval muddati 7 – 10 ruz ba nazdi domhoi benazorat khurokvori guzoshta, khoyandahoro ba khurdani on odat mekunonand. Faqat badi in domro ba nazorat megirand, lekin khurokvori boyad buyu lazzati begona nadoshta boshad. Ba dom ozuqahoi toza – noni ravganin, hasib, sabzi, qand va g. meguzorand.
Mohiyati usuli khimiyavii D. az on iborat ast, ki ba khuroki khoyandaho zahrhoi gunogun hamroh mekunand. Baroi tayyor kardani khuroki zahrolud ba non krisid, zookumarin va dig. moddahoro bo ravgani rastani (ba 100 g nonreza 2 – 3 g ravgan va 1 – 2 g krisid yo 95 g omekhtai zookumarinu ohar) hamroh kardan lozim ast. Avval ba khoyandaho chand ruz khuroki bezahr medihand, sipas dar muddati 4 – 5 ruz gizoi zahroludro ba kor mebarand; dar ruzi 7-um baqiyai khuroki zahrnokro nest mekunand. Bazan ba ob krisid yo zookumarin poshida memonand. Huroki zahrnokro dar joyhoi baroi kudakon va hayvonoti khonagi dastnoras boyad guzosht. Ba daromadgohi lonaho niz doruhoi khimiyavi poshidan mumkin.
Hangomi ba zahr sarukor doshtan, ehtiyot shudan lozim ast. Badi ba dom guzoshtani khuroki zahrolud dast va zarfhoro bo obi garmu sobun meshuyand; krisid va zookumarinro dar bankae, ki ba ruyash «zahr» navishta shudaast, megirad va dar shkaf qulf mekunand. Hangomi zahroludi boyad favran ba dukhtur murojiat kard.
Dar sharoiti shahr D. kardani manzilhoi alohida hamesha natijai dilkhoh namedihad, zero khoyandaho, odatan, dar tamomi bino sokin meshavand va asnoi dar yak khona guzaronidani tadbirhoi mahv ba khonai digar megurezand. Az in lihoz, mavridi paydoishi khoyandaho ba stansiyahoi sanitariyu epidemiologi khabar dodan lozim ast, to ki binoro purra D. kunand.