BOZGASHT AZ HIND

Badi itmomi barnomai omuzishi, miyonahoi mohi iyul man az Donishgohi Javohirlal Nehrui Dehli murakhkhas shudam va ba namoyandagii «Aeroflot» yagona shirkati havopay- moii SHuravi rafta, biletamro, ki tarikhash boz bud, baroi ruzi digar sabt kardani shudam. In idora khele benazm bud va hindue, ki mudiri on bud, beetinoyona «joy nest» guft. Man, ki pesh az in ham bo chand nafari digar baroi joy davo karda budam, ba u tokhtam:

– In shirkati havopaymoii kishvari man ast va tu masuli, ki ba man – shahrvandi in kishvar khizmat kuni!

In vaqt kormandi saforat, ki masuli mo donishjuyon bud, omad. Asli mojaroro fahmida ba hindu amr kard, ki bileti maro sabt kunad. Hindu sarashro khorida-khorida bileti maro sabt namuda, sui man daroz kard. Man bo karohat biletro gi- rifta, bo vajohati golib sui baromadgoh ravon shudam. U chize guftani bud, vale man gush nakardam, qaror nest, golib harfi maglubro gush kunad! Dafai digar bidonad, ki bo man chi guna muomila kunad!

Vale u korashro karda bud. U bileti maro bejoy sabt kar- da bud, ki faqat dar holi kholi mondani joe dar havopaymo, maro savor mekardand. Bechora, u mekhost ba man fahmonad, ki joy nest, vale ba jaholati man barkhurda bud, ki dar nihoyat boisi sarsonii khudam shud. Dar natija, namoyandai saforat maro chand ruz furudgoh burdu ovard, to nihoyat, ba man niz dar havopaymo joy rasid.

Maqsadi nihoii parvoz Maskav boshad ham, on dar Toshkand menishast va khohishmandonro mefarovardu musofir megirift. Man, biletam to Maskav boshad ham, dar Toshkand piyoda shudam.

Bo Muzaffar qaror karda budem, ki man rohi bargasht dar Toshkand piyoda shuda, ba u zang mezanam va u moshin mefiri- stad. Hamin tavr ham shud va man bo moshini firistodai u mustaqim az Toshkand ba Isfara rafta, on qarordodhoro ba Muzaffar supurdam. Muzaffar qarordodhoro ba muhosibotash dod va onho hisobu kitob karda, ba khulosae omadand, ki in muomila baroyashon maqul ba sarfa nest. On hama naqshahoi man va «Mersedes»-am naqshe bar ob shud.

Vale chun man baroi rasondani in qarordodho ba Isfara, ba khonai Muzaffar-ako rafta budam, bo korhoi u oshno shudam. U, ki qablan raisi korkhonai «Tadjikavtoservis» budaast, on korkhonaro shakhsi kardaast va chand korkhonai digar niz sokhta- ast, ki yake korkhonai bozsozii charkhi moshin, digar korkhonai sobunpazi bud. U korkhonahoyashro ba man nishon dod va du-se ruze, ki man dar mehmonii u budam, bo korhoyash shinos shudam va tijorat toraft baroyam jolibtar meshud.

U maro rohnamoi va tashviq mekard, to man niz ba tijorat mashgul shavam. Ba man kitobchae dod, ki dar on namunai asno- di bunyodi shirkat navishta shuda bud. In safar ba Isfara va rohnamoii u sabab shud, ki man ba in fikr biuftam, ki dar Dushanbe shirkati khudro tasis dihamu payi tijorat ravam va rishtai diplomatiyaro, ki to on zamon hamai orzuvu omoli man bo on payvast bud, dar sanduqchae muhkam karda, kanor guzoram.

Ruzi 19 avgusti soli 1991 baroi giriftani hujjathoi khud ba Maskav raftam. Maskav boronivu sard bud. Odamon ham turshruvu noshod metoftand. Misli dafai guzashta, khele zud tariqi qatori barqivu metro ba binoi Vazorat rasidam. Vaqte ijozat pursida, vorid shudam, hamon mardi khushvokhurdi por- sola, maro bo jigoti ovezon:

• CHi darkor? – gufta peshvoz girift.

Man khudamro muarrifi kardam, sar junbondu khesta az san- duq hujjathoi maro girifta, yak-yak varaq zada didu ba dastam dod va:

• Ana gired, metavoned raved, – guft.
• Man dar kujo meistam? – hayron shuda pursidam man.
• Mo digar baroi shumo joy namedihem, ba vazorati mao- rifi jumhurii khudaton murojiat kuned, – guft u va chehraash tiratar shud.
• Bibakhshed, man intizor budam, ki puli biletamro ham medihed, – guftam man. Qoida hamin bud, boyad puli biletro medodand va bo joi khob tamin mekardand.
• Ba vazorati maorifi jumhuriyaton murojiat kuned! – khi- tob kard u.

Noiloj sui dar gashtamu yak bori digar suyash nigoh kardam, ki:

• Man ba SHumo hamaashro guftam, – bong zad u, shoyad fikr kard, ki boz chize guftani hastam, dar hole ki man faqat mekhos- tam mutmain shavam, ki in hamon kasest, ki soli guzashta khele mehrubon bud. YOdi on hindui kormandi «Aeroflot» uftodam, ki khudro shahrvandi shuravi va sohibimtiyoz donista, ba sarash dug zada budam.

Hushbakhtona, on daftarchai pasandoz, ki pesh az safar ba Hind pulhoyamro guzoshta budam, hamroham bud, ki ziyoda az 300 sum pul dosht. Hudoro shukr mekardam, ki in daftarcha pesham hast, agar nabud, chi kor mekardam. In jo hech kasro na- meshinosam. Holo khub, ki puli biletro metavonam az daftar- chai pasandoz bigiram. Sui bonk shitoftam va daftarcharo ba zani khazinador daroz kardam, girifta, didu bo suol ba suyam nigarist. Guftam:

• Mekhoham pul giram.
• Foidai yaksolaro man ba daftarchaaton navishta mediham, vale pulro rafta az jumhurii khudaton megired, – guft khazi- nador.
• Ne, ba man hozir pul darkor, – guftam asabi shuda.
• Tibqi qoidai nav az in pas shahrvandoni jumhuriho dar joi istiqomatashon khizmat megirand, – guft u. Va ba qayd kar- dani foidai jamshuda ba daftarcha sar kard.
• Man pulamro hamin jo suporida budam, daftarcharo bi- ned, muhrashro bined, charo maro joi digar mefiristed, pu- lamro dihed, puli khudamro, foidaaton darkor nest! – toraft otashin meshudam man.

Sadoyam balandtar bud magar, ki yak mard az daruni khazina baromada omad va bo sadoi narm pursid:

• CHi shud?

Man voqearo gufta dodam. Guftam, ki man hatto baroi bi- leti bargashtan pul nadoram. U pursid, ki shahram kujost, kujo barmegardam?

• Dushanbe, Tojikiston, – guftam man.
• Bilet chand sum meistad?
• 92 sum, – javob dodam man.

U daftarcharo girifta, daromada raft va pas az lahzae bargashta:

– Muvofiqi qoida SHumo boyad az joi istiqomataton pul gired, mo holati SHumoro fahmida, ba tavri istisno 92 sum puli biletro medihem, baqiyaashro ham dar daftarchaaton na- vishta medihem, rafta az shahri khudaton megired, – guft. «Ba hamin ham shukr kardan lozim, agar haminro ham nadihand, chi khel barmegashtam», – gufta rozi shudam.

Az bonk baromada, bo dimogi sukhta ba tramvay nishastam, to chize bikhuramu rohi furudgohro pesh giram, zero gayr az 92 sum puli bilet dar kisa puli kazoie nadoshtam, okhir man ba umedi on omada budam, ki chand ruze baroyam joy medihand, puli biletamro medihand. Mekhostam bori digar on shahri or- moniro tamosho kunam. Vale digar in on shahri peshina nabud, shahri oshufta va sard bud.

Dar kucha va naqliyot odamon hama bo chehrahoi girifta, oshufta metoftand. Boron sim-sim meborid. Fazo on fazoi yak sol pesh nabud. Vaqte tramvay az nazdi binoi vazorat megu- zasht, didam, ki dar kanori bino zeri darakhton tonke istoda bud va du sarbozi musallah dar nazdash meistodand. Kame pas, nazdi binoi digare niz zirehpushe meistod va yakchand sarboz dar atrofash bo Kalashnikov meistodand. Man fikr kardam, ki shoyad mashqi harbi meguzaronand. CHun dimogam sukhta bud, ba atrof khele ahammiyat nadoda, zud chize khurdamu ba furudgoh shitoftam.

Kassahoi furudgoh dar oshyonai duvum budand. Furudgoh on qadr serodam bud, ki odamon dar rui zinaho, dar farshho kujo, ki rost oyad, nishastavu khobida budand. Ba har kassa safhoi beokhiri odamon navbat istoda budand. Odamon hama khastavu gamgin menamudand. Fazoi furudgoh sardu benur bud. Man ba yak kassa navbat istodam. Odamon har zamon az navbat baroma- da rafta, dar apparathoi furudgoh budanu nabudani biletro medidand. Man ham ba kasi az pasam navbat girifta ishora kardam, ki hozir meoyam va rafta, ba dastgoh nomi Dushanbero vorid kardam. Bilet «sifr» nishon medod. Hujand, Samarqand, Toshkandro niz vorid kardam. Hama jo sifr nishon medod. Bo- var nakardam, «nakhod imruz hama noomad nasibi man shavad», az dil meguzarondam man. Navbatam, ki rasid sarro khalonda:

• Dushanbe, yak bilet, – guftam, pasportu pulro daroz karda.

YAk dam ba dastgohash nigoh kardu:

• Nest, – guft va ilova kard:
• Nazdiktarin parvoze, ki bilet hast, bad az yak hafta.

Hujandu Samarqandu Toshkandro ham pursidam, hol hamin bud. Aslan, sari kalobaro gum kardam. Imruz kujo ki naravam, koram omad namekard. Az bebarorii kor khasta shuda budam. Ruhaftoda shudam, betafovut budam, hech chiz his namekardam. Az yak dastgoh ba dastgohi digar meguzashtam, dar yake nomi Hu- jandro vorid mekardam sifr nishon medod, dar digari nomi Dushanbero, hamin tavr namedonam chand bor takror ba takror nomi shahrhoro vorid mekardam. Bore Samarqandro vorid kardam ki «1» nishon dod. Ba chashmonam bovar nakardam. Bori digar zer kardam boz ham «1» nishon dod.

Bashast davida ba kassa rasidam va ba navbat nigoh nakarda, saramro khalonida:

• Samarqand, yakto, – gufta dod zadam.
• Nest, – guft biletfurush.
• Hast, hast, bined, man hozir didam, apparat yak nishon dod, – man in imkoniyatro ba hech vajh az dast dodan namekhostam.
• Hozir didam, pesh az shumo pursida budand, – noroziyona ba dastgohash nigoh kard va:
• Bale, paydo shudaast, – guftu pasportu pulro girifta ba navishtan sar kard. Saramro berun kashida, az navbat uzr khostam va guftam:

– YAk bilet paydo shud, agar namerasidam, az hamin ham memondam, bibakhshed, – namedonam qiyofaam chi guna bud, vale nazdik istodagon khandidand. Hudo imruz ba khanda ham mera- sondaast!

Parvoz badi nuh soat bud. Kunjero paydo kardamu misli digaron chand varaq ruznomaro pahn karda, dar rui farshi betoni khobidam.

Ruzi digar, vaqte ki ba binoi furudgohi Samarqand da- romadam, didam, ki odami bisyore dar nazdi televizor jam shuda bo shavq tamosho mekunand. Hiyobonhoi Maskav va hamon tonku zirehpushhoro nishon medodand. Nazdik shuda, pursidam guftand, dar Maskav Kumitai davlatii holati favquloda ku- datoi nizomi kardaast.

Solhoi 80-umi asri bist dar Ittihodi shuravi buhroni ijtimoi-iqtisodi ba avji khud rasid. Soli 1985 Mikhail Gor- bachyov Dabiri Kulli Hizbi kommunistii Ittihodi shuravi intikhob shud va siyosati bozsoziro pesh girift. Dar on marhala faqat islohoti iqtisodi baroi rushdi ijtimoi-iqtisodi dar nazar doshta shuda bud. Dar solhoi badi du omil – ufti narkhi naft va fojiai CHernobil sababgori boz ham shadidtar shudani buhron dar kishvar gardid.

Avvali soli 1987 Kumitai markazii Hizbi kommunist ba qaror omad, ki islohoti farogire pesh girifta shavad. Dar natija, dar hayoti ijtimoi ozodii bayon va dar sohai iqtisodi sohibkorii infirodi ijozat doda shud. Solhoi 1988-1989 vaz- iyati siyosi-ijtimoi yakbora vakhim shuda, dar jumhuriho afkori istiqlolkhohi bolo girift. Vaziyat ba tadrij az nazorati Hu- kumati markazi khorij meshud. Az in sabab Gorbachev baroi ba etidol ovardani vaz, matni qarordodi tasisi Konfedera- sioni bayni jumhurihoi SHuraviro peshnihod kard.

YAk guruh maqomdoroni balandpoyai Ittihodi shuravi bar ziddi siyosati bozsozi va baroi peshgiri az imzoi qarordodi Konfederasioni, Kumitai davlatii holati favqulodaro ta- sis dodand, ki az 18 to 21 avgusti soli 1991 amal karda, nokom shud. Maqsadi onho barkanor kardani Gorbachyov az qudrat va ba etidol ovardani vaz dar kishvar bud. Onho ba Maskav quvvai nizomi vorid kardand, ki ba muqobiliyati mardum rubaru shud va ba tarafi mardum guzasht. Muovini Raisi jumhuri SHuravi, vaziri amniyat, vaziri korhoi dokhila, vaziri mudofia va chandin maqomdoroni olii kishvar azoi in kumita budand, ki ba habs girifta shudand, vale pas az yak sol ozod karda shu- dand. In okhirin kushishi hifz kardani Ittihodi jumhurihoi shuravi bud, ki ba nokomi anjomid va dere naguzashta, raiso- ni jumhurihoi Rusiya, Belorus va Ukroin qarori barham do- dani kishvarro imzo kardand. Man ruzi 19 avgusti soli 1991 ittifoqan shohidi hamin voqeai tarikhi dar shahri Maskav budam. Mutaassifona, aksi sadoi in kudato to Tojikiston ham rasid va oqibathoi fojiadore ba bor ovard, ki hikoyaashro dar poyon meoram.