Home / Jamiyat / BARNOMAI TATBIQI KONSEPSIYAI MILLII JUMHURII TOJIKISTON OID BA SOLIMGARDONII MAHFUZGOHHOI PARTOVHOI KORKARDI MADANI URAN BAROI SOLHOI 2016-2024

BARNOMAI TATBIQI KONSEPSIYAI MILLII JUMHURII TOJIKISTON OID BA SOLIMGARDONII MAHFUZGOHHOI PARTOVHOI KORKARDI MADANI URAN BAROI SOLHOI 2016-2024

Bo qarori Hukumati Jumhurii Tojikiston az “27” iyuli soli 2016, № 329 tasdiq shudaast

 

***SHINOSNOMAI BARNOMA

Nomgui Barnoma Barnomai tatbiqi Konsepsiyai millii Jumhurii Tojikiston oid ba solimgardonii mahfuzgohhoi partovhoi korkardi madani uran

baroi solhoi 2016 – 2024

 

Muhlati tatbiqi Barnoma Solhoi 2016 – 2024
Asosi tahiyai Barnoma Qonuni Jumhurii Tojikiston “Dar borai muomilot bo partovhoi radioaktivi”,

Qarori Hukumati Jumhurii Tojikiston az 1 avgusti soli 2014, № 505 “Dar borai Konsepsiyai millii Jumhurii Tojikiston oid ba solimgardonii mahfuzgohhoi partovhoi korkardi madani uran 2014 – 2024”

Tahiyagaroni Barnoma Vazorati sanoat va tekhnologiyahoi nav,

KVD “Fuluzoti nodiri Tojikiston”,

Agentii amniyati yadroi va radiatsionii Akademiyai ilmhoi Jumhurii Tojikiston

Hadafhoi asosii Barnoma 1. Tamin namudani amniyati zisti aholi va hifzi muhiti zist dar mintaqai tasiri obekthoi merosi sanoati urani.

2. Muhayyo namudani sharoithoi rushdi ustuvori iqtisodii mahalhoi joygirshavii obekthoi merosi urani.

Vazifahoi asosi 1. Takmil va hamohangsozii zaminai qonunguzori va meyorii idorakunii amniyat va solimgardonii obekthoi merosi urani, az jumla:

– munosibgardoni va muqararsozii meyorhoi millii tamini bekhatari va amaligardonii samarabakhshi chorabinihoi solimgardoni;

– tahiyai shartu talaboti ijozatnomadihi;

– jori kardani qoidahoi guzaronidani ekspertizai baynadmilali;

– takmili rasmiyoti arzyobii samarabakhshiii chorabinihoi ijroshavanda;

– idorakunii malumothoi monitoringi, nazorati va gayra.

2. Ba vujud ovardani nizomi samaranoki nazorati bekhatarii muomilot bo partovhoi korkardi madanhoi urani va idorakunii darozmuddati bekhatari maydonhoi obekthoi merosi urani, az jumla:

– arzyobii vaz dar asosi guzaronidani baruykhatgiri va shinosnomakunonii obekthoi merosi urani;

– tahiya va tatbiqi barnomahoi dastgirii nizomi inshootii monitoring va nazorati tekhniki;

– tamini barnomai monitoringi infirodii hayati kormandon va peshburdi fehristi baqaydgirii shuogiri;

– tahiyai naqshahoi muhofizati radiatsioni zimni ijroi chorabiniho va barnomahoi nazorati institusionali dar davrai bad az anjomyobii faoliyati solimgardoni.

3. Rushdi infrasokhtori tekhnikii zersokhtorho va iqtidori kadrii operatoru tanzimgar jihati amaligardonii samarabakhshi vazifahoyashon.

4. Behtargardonii sharoithoi ijtimoivu iqtisodii zisti aholi dar hududi mintaqahoi tasiri obekthoi sobiq istehsoloti urani.

5. Tashkil kardani sharoithoi meyorivu huquqi jihati jalbi sarmoyaguzorihoi baynalmilali baroi dastgirii barnomahoi faoliyati solimgardoni.

Mablaghoi zaruri va sarchashmahoi mablagguzori Tatbiqi Barnoma az hisobi sarchashmahoi gunogun, az jumla mablaghoi Bujeti davlati, jalbi mablaghoi gayribujeti va kumakhoi baynalmilali amali karda meshavad.

Baroi amali namudani yak qator vazifahoi Barnoma tamini monitoringi radioekologi va nazorati tekhniki az bujeti jumhuriyavi transferthoi maqsadnok peshbini gardidaand (dar soli 2015 – 500, 0 hazor somoni).

Dar nazar ast, ki mablagguzori dar in samt minbad niz idoma meyobad, hamchunin muvofiqi ruykhati peshnihodshavandai chorabinihoi avvalindaraja afzun megardad.

Mablagguzorii korho oid ba ijroi vazifahoi alohidai Barnoma bo loihahoi mushakhkhas oid ba hamkorihoi baynalmilali, hamchunin dar doirai mablagguzorii bujeti baroi ijroi vazifai operatori maydonhoi merosi urani tibqi ruykhati peshnihodshudai chorabinihoi avvalindarajai Barnomai mazkur, muayyan karda khohad shud. Hajmi mamblagguzorii harsolai Barnoma hangomi tashakkuli bujet baroi soli moliyavii dakhldor mutobiqi qonunguzorii Jumhurii Tojikiston muayyan karda meshavad.

Dar nazar ast, ki mablagguzorii zaruri baroi jihozonidani ozmoishgohhoi tashkhisi va taminoti moddivu tekhnikii faoliyati tashkiloti operator (Korkhonai makhsusgardonidashudai KVD “Fuluzoti nodiri Tojikiston”) va ozmoishgohhoi maqomi tazimkunandai Jumhurii Tojikiston, hamchunin omuzishi mutakhassison asosan az hisobi loihahoi kumaki baynalmilalii tekhniki, az jumla dar doirai loihahoi hamkori bo Agentii baynalmilali oid ba energiyai atomi va digar barnomaho ijro karda meshavad.

Harojoti amaliyotii ozmoishgohho va guruhhoi nazorati sanjishi az hisobi Bujeti davlatii Jumhurii Tojikiston dar doirai Barnomai mazkur, misli digar chorabinihoi dar zamima darjgardida, ijro karda meshavand.

Dar nazar ast, ki korho oid ba bahodihii bekhatari va tahiyai asosnokkunii tekhnikivu iqtisodii (ATI) chorabiniho, khususan, baroi obekthoi shahri Istiqlol, Dehmoy va chande digar, hamchunin mablagguzorii yak qator chorabinihoi muhandisi dar doirai barnomahoi kompleksii kumaki tekhnikii Komissiyai davlathoi azoi IDM oid ba istifodai energiyai atom bo maqsadhoi osoishta va loihahoi Ittihodi Avrupo ijro karda meshavand. Hamchunin dar nazar ast, ki soli 2017 fondi kishvarhoi donor tasis gardida, imkoni ijroi korhoro baroi ba holati bekhatar ovardani yakchand maydonhoi merosii istehsoloti uraniro dar Jumhurii Tojikiston medihad. Korho oid ba tamini nazorati tanzimi va tekhnikii in loihaho dar doirai bujeti Barnomai mazkur mablagguzori megardand.

 

Natijahoi peshbinishavanda Dar natijai amali shudani Barnomai mazkur natijahoi peshbinishavandai zerin ba dast ovarda meshavand:

1. Standarthoi milli (meyorho va qoidaho), banaqshagiri va ijrokunii chorabinihoi solimgardonii obekthoi merosi urani muvofiqi tajribai peshqadami jahoni mukammal gardonida meshavand.

2. Barnomai inshootii monitoring va nazorati tekhniki, hamchunin barnomai muomilot bo partovhoi radioaktivi dar maydonhoi merosi, chun vositai dastgiri va tamini nazorati radiatsioni, hamchunin baroi arzyobii samarabakhshii ijroi chorabinihoi solimgardoni tahiya va munosib gardonidashuda, muntazam ijro karda khohand shud.

3. Tashkilothoi (operatorhoi) maydonhoi merosii istehsoloti urani behtar omoda meshavand va metavonand samaranoktar vazifahoi nazorati bekhatarii maydonhoi merosiro ijro namuda, dar holathoi sadamavi sari vaqt etino namoyand, hamchunin ittilootonii maqomoti mahallii hokimiyat va aholiro dar masoili banaqshagiri va amalisozii loihahoi faoliyati solimgardoni ijro namoyand.

4. Dar yaqjoyagi bo sharikoni baynalmilali barnomahoi kompleksii banaqshagirii marhilavi va amalisozii chorabinihoi solimgarrdoni bo istifoda az fondhoi kumakhoi baynalmilali, hamchunin fondhoi milli tahiya va tayyor karda meshavand. Mablagguzorii chorabinihoi nazorati tanzimi va tekhniki dar doirai Barnomai mazkur imkon medihad, ki samarabakhshii ijro va ustuvorii natijahoi amalisozii loihahoi kumaki baynalmilali tamin karda shavand.

5. Nizomi takmili takhassus va omodagardonii kadrhoi milli dar sohai banaqshagiri, amalisozii faoliyati solimgardoni, amniyati radiatsioni, muomilot bo partovho, dastgirii tahlilii barnomai monitoring va nazorati tekhniki tashkil karda meshavad.

6. Nizomi ittilootiyu tahlili va mahzani malumot oid ba holati obekthoi merosi urani, malumothoi monitoring va chorabinihoi rekultivatsionii amalishavanda (shinosnomanokkunonii obekthoi merosi urani) tashkil karda meshavad.

7. Bar asari amali gardidani chorabiniho dar doirai Barnomai mazkur dar obekthoi merosi urani idorashavandagii maydonhoi mazkur tamin khohad shud, ki baroi jalbi mablagho jihati guzaronidani chorabinihoi solimgardoni musoidat menamoyad. SHaroithoi ijtimoiyu iqtisodii rushdi mintaqahoi az tasiri obekthoi merosi urani osebdida behtargardida, jolibiyati sarmoyaguzori baroi ehyoi hududhoi joygirshudai obekthoi merosi urani baland megardad, hamchunin khavfi tasiroti manfii obekthoi merosi urani ba salomatii odamon va muhiti zist kam megardad.

 

 

 

 

 

MUQADDIMA

 

  1. Tamini amniyati radiatsioni unsuri amniyati millii Jumhurii Tojikiston meboshad. CHorabinihoi ba holati bekhatar ovardani obekthoi merosi urani namudhoi faoliyati zerinro dar bar megirand: muayyan namudani tahdidhoi voqei va ehtimoli (sarchashmahoi shuokhuri va iflosshavii muhiti zist); arzyobii holat va tavsifoti tasiri manbahoi shuokhurii voqei va ehtimoli; asosnokkuni va amaligardonii chorabinihoi asosnok va munosibi solimgardoni, hamchunin mushohidai darozmuddat va nazorati tekhnikii maydonho badi ba holati bekhatar ovardani onho tibqi meyoru talaboti tanzimkuni.
  2. Masalahoi hifzi muhiti zist niz chun tamini darajahoi bekhatari shuokhuri dar mintaqai tasiri obekthoi merosi urani juzi muhimi nazorat meboshand. Obekthoi merosi urani odatan ba gayr az tasiroti radiologi metavonand ba iflosshavii kimiyovii muhiti zist ovarand (makhsusiyati tasir az geokimiyoi masolehi madani va istifodai tekhnologiyai korkardi madanho vobasta ast).
  3. Tojikiston, hamchun davlati uzvi Agentii baynalmilali oid ba energiyai atomi (ABEA), bo hamrohshavi ba konvensiyavu sozishnomahoi baynalmilali vazifador ast standarthoi asosi va prinsiphoi amniyatiro dar vaqti muomilot bo partovhoi radioaktivi va tahiyai naqshahoi faoliyati solimgardoni ba inobat girad, samaranokii ijroi loihahoi solimgardoniro (rekultivatsioniro) nazorat namoyad va idorakunii bekhatarii chunin maydonhoro dar tamomi davrai muqarrar kardani nazorati tanzimkuni amali sozad.
  4. Baroi noil shudan ba maqsadhoi samaranoki strategiyai bekhatari dar Jumhurii Tojikiston zarur ast, ki asoshoi qonunguzori va meyorii khudi dar sohai idorakunii partovhoi radioaktivi kullan va maydonhoi merosii istehsoloti urani qisman mukammal karda shavand. Baroi in zarur ast talabotu meyorhoi tanzimkuni takmil doda shavand, ki imkoniyati samaranok banaqshagiri va ijroi chorabinihoi solimgardonii chunin obekthoro medihand, hamchunin infrasokhtor va imkonoti tekhnikii operatorhoi maydonhoi merosi urani baroi ijroi uhdadorihoi vazifaviashon oid ba nigohdorii bekhatari va hamrohii loihahoi faoliyati solimgardoni mukammal megardand.
  5. Qayd namudan muhim ast, ki dar sharoiti mavjudai iqtisodii rushdi Jumhurii Tojikiston az sababi norasoii zakhirahoi moliyavi tekhniki va kadri mustaqilona omoda va amali namudani loihahoi buzurgi solimgardonii obekthoi merosii istehsoloti urani imkonpazir ast. Az in ru, ba naqsha garifta shudaast, ki ruykhati asosii chorabinihoi omodasozi va muhandisi az hisobi loihahoi kumaki baymilalii tekhniki ijro karda shavand. Ilova bar in muhim ast nazorati tamini bekhatari va korhoi hamrohi va sanjishi chorabinihoi ijroshavanda, hamchunin istifodai darozmuddati maydonho dar doirai barnomai nazoratii institutsionali, ki boyad az jonibi kadrhoi milli ijro gardand va mablagguzoriashon az hisobi Bujeti davlati boshad, tamin karda shavad.
  6. Solhoi okhir Agentii amniyati yadroi va radiatsionii Akademiyai ilmhoi Jumhurii Tojikiston (maqomi tanzimgari Jumhurii Tojikiston dar sohai amniyati radiatsioni) hamchunin operatori obekthoi merosi urani (Vazorati sanoat va tekhnologiyahoi navi Jumhurii Tojikiston va muvofiqan tashkiloti idorakunanda KVD “Fuluzoti nodiri Tojikiston”) dar bisyor loihahoi baynalmilali, ki ba rasonidani kumakhoi tekhniki va moliyavi jihati amalisozii chorabinihoi omodasozi jihati ba holati bekhatar ovardani obekthoi merosi uranii jumhuri ravona gardidaand, faolona ishtirok menamoyand. Az jumla, ishtirok dar loihahoi ABEA va kooperatsiya bo Agentii muhofizati radiatsionii Norvegiya imkoniyati mohiyatan behtar namudani hujjathoi meyorii zaminaviro dar jumhuri dod va yakchand qonunho, ki imkoni ogozi omodai faolonaro baroi amalisozii chorabinihoi solimgardoni medihand, tahiya gardidand. Dar doirai ishtirok dar barnomahoi hamkorihoi baynidavlati – Ittihodi iqtisodii AvruOsiyo va barnomahoi hamkori bo Ittihodi Avrupo (IA), hamchunin az jonibi baze az fondhoi shakhsi (masalan, chun Fondi SHveytsariyagi oid ba bezarargardonii minaho FSD) korho oid ba guzaronidani tadqiqot va loihakashii chorabinihoi muhofizati jihati ba holati bekhatar ovardani baze az obekthoi merosi urani dar Jumhurii Tojikiston, ogoz gardidaand. Ammo, sharti umumii halli samaranoki mushkiloti bekhatarii chunin obektho baroi durnamoi darozmuddat zarurati istifodai munosibati majmui va bonizom meboshad. On dar khud omoda namudani naqshahoi millii faoliyati solimgardoni, guzaronidani monitoring va nazorati holati obekthoi merosi, hamchunin idorakunii chunin maydonho va hamkorii mutaqobil bo aholi va maqomoti mahallii hokimiyati davlati dar doirai barnomahoi milliro dar bar megirad. Mavjudiyat va ijroi chunin barnomaho dar kishvar jihati jalb va samaranok istifoda gashtani zakhirahoi moliyavi va kadrii tashkilothoi baynalmilali kumak menamoyad, hamchunin dar tamini nizomi darozmuddati idorakunii chunii obektho va amniyati moneahoi muhandisi va inshootho musoidat menamoyad.
  7. Ishtiroki faolonai maqomi tanzimgari Jumhurii Tojikiston, hamchunin digar vazoratu idoraho dar barnomahoi kumaki tekhniki, az jumla, dar barnomai Guruhi hamohangsoz dar sohai solimgardonii obekthoi merosi uranii Agentii baynalmilali oid ba energiyai atomi CGULS (Coordinftion Group for Uranium Legacy Sites) hamchunin dar doirai loihahoi Ittihodi Avrupo, imkoni umed bastanro medihand, ki mumkin yak qator loihahoi garonarzishi solimgardoniro davlatho-donorhoi Bonki avrupoii tajdid va rushd (BATR) mablagguzori namoyand. Ayni zamon dar yakjoyagi bo sharikon az Tojikiston va digar davlathoi Osiyoi Markazi, korshinosoni ABEA va IA mavodro ba Konfronsi Donorho, ki soli 2017 doir megardad, omoda mesozand.
  8. YAke az talaboti mablagguzorii loihahoi afzaliyatnoki solimgardonii obekthoi merosi urani baroi kishvar in mavjud budani strategiyai davlati nisbat ba chorabinihoi ba holati bekhatar ovardani maydonhoi merosii istehsoloti urani va barnomahoi millii dastgirii chunin loihaho meboshad, ki imkoni tamini namudhoi faoliyati zerinro medihad:

– hamohangsozii standarthoi milli bo standarthoi asosii Agentii baynalmilali oid ba energiyai atomi (ABEA) va behtarin tajribahoi jahoni, munosibgardoni va muqarrarnamoii talaboti samaranoki tanzimi, meyorhoi tamini bekhatari, meyorho, qoidahoi omodasozi va guzaronidani chorabinihoi solimgardoni;

– ishtirok namudani kadrhoi milli dar tayyor namudani loihaho, ekspertiza, ishtirok dar ijroi chorabinihoi muhandisi va tamin namudani nazorat az bekhatari va samaranokii guzaronidani chunin loihaho;

– ijro namudani barnomai monitoring va nazorati tekhniki dar obekthoi merosi muvofiqi talabothoi tanzimi;

– tahiya va ijroi barnomai darozmuddati idorakunii maydonhoi merosi (bozbinii institutsionali) badi ovardani onho ba holati bekhatar (az jumla, onhoe, ki davlatho-donorho yo az hisobi bujeti jumhuriyavi mablagguzori megardand).

  1. Barnomai tatbiqi Konsepsiyai millii Jumhurii Tojikiston oid ba solimgardonii mahfuzgohhoi partovhoi korkardi madani uran baroi solhoi 2016-2024 (minbad – Barnoma) juzi muhim dar tamini natijahoi samaranok va ustuvori kumakhoi tekhnikii chashmdoshtshavanda az tashkilothoi baynalmilali va fondhoi kishvarhoi donor meboshad. CHorabinihoi chunin Barnoma imkoni taloshhoi mushtarakro baroi ijroi loihaho bo dastgirii moliyavi va kumakhoi tekhnikii kishvarhoi donor medihad. Zakhirahoi Barnoma imkon medihand, ki infrasokhtori millivu eksperti, tanzimi va tashkili baroi amalisozii loihaho ba holati bekhatar ovardani obekthoi merosii istehsoloti urani, inchunin idorakunii darozmuddati bekhatari dar chunin obektho va mintaqai tasiri onho dar Jumhurii Tojikiston qatan taqviyat yoband.
  2. Boyad qayd kard, ki bo vujudi kumakhoi nazarrasi tekhniki va moliyavii az jomeai baynalmilali chashmdoshtshavanda obekthoi sobiq istehsoloti urani dar jumhuri boqi memonand.

Tamini sanjishi bekhtarii istiqomat dar pahlui chunin obektho, idorakuni va khizmatrasonii maydonhoi merosi urani, khizmatrasonii obekthoi muhandisi va digar vazifahoi muhimi taminkunandai ustuvorii chorabiniho baroi davrahoi tuloni vazifahoe meboshand, ki boyad az jonibi kadrhoi milli hal gardand va dar doirai barnomahoi milli mablagguzori shavand. Dar doirai Barnomai milli muhim ast yakchand chorabiniho amali shavand, ki imkoni mutobiqkunonii standartho va hujjathoi meyoriro medihand, hamchunin iqtidorhoi kadriro dar jumhuri baroi ishtirok dar barnomahoi darozmuddati faoliyati solimgardoni havasmand megardonand. Samthoi asosii tayyor namudani kadrho dar doirai ijroi Barnomai mazkur boyad chunin boshand: sanjishi ekologi va radiatsioni, muhofizati radiatsioni az shuokhurii ionzo, masoili monitoring va nazorat, tekhnologiya va usulhoi muhandisii idorakunii bekhatarii muomilot bo partovhoi radioaktivi va partovhoi merosii istehsoloti uran va jalbi aholi baroi qabul namudani qaror.

  1. Naqshai chorabinihoi dar doirai Barnoma amalishavanda imkon medihand, ki kor bo aholi samaranoktar guzaronida shavad, masoili vobasta ba khavfi istiqomat dar pahluhoi obekthoi merosi, hamchunin natijahoi guzaronidani chorabinihoi solimgardoni fahmonida shavand (zamima megardand). In imkoniyati past namudani shiddati ijtimoiro dar chunin mintaqaho doda, bovarii aholiro ba davlat ziyod menamoyad, hamchunin ba rushdi ijtimoivu iqtisodii in mintaqaho kullan musoidat menamoyad, jolibiyati sarmoyaguzori, arzishi zakhirahoi tabiiro ziyod namuda, sathi zindagii aholii mahalliro baland mebardorad.
  2. Hadafhoi asosii Barnoma ba tamin namudani amniyati istiqomati aholi va hifzi muhiti zist dar mintaqai tasiri obekthoi merosi sobiq istehsoloti urani, hamchunin ba muhayyo namudani sharoithoi rushdi ustuvori iqtisodii mahalho dar mintaqai tasiri obekthoi merosi urani ravon gardidaand.
  3. Dar hujjati mazkur inchunin vazifahoi asosi, ki ijroyashon baroi rasidan ba maqsadhoi guzoshtashuda zarur meboshand va mekhanizmhoi asosii ijroi Barnomai mazkur barrasi megardand.
  4. Dar doirai Barnoma korhoi baruykhatgiri va arzyobii holati maydonhoi merosi urani, az jumla partovgohho, khoktudahoi jinshoi begona va digar obekthoi infrasokhtori (karerho, boqimondai binoho va g.) anjom doda meshavand, hamchunin barnomahoi monitoring va nazorati tekhniki amali karda meshavand. Ijroi Barnoma imkon medihad, ki khavfi ehtimolii tasiroti obekthoi merosii istehsoloti urani ba muhiti zist va salomatii aholi ba tavri nazarras past karda shavad.
  5. Barnoma bo darnazardoshti standarthoi asosii bekhatarii Agentii baynalmilali oid ba energiyai atomi (ABEA), dar asosi Konsepsiyai guzarishi Jumhurii Tojikiston ba rushdi ustuvor to soli 2030 va Strategiyai millii solimii aholii Jumhurii Tojikiston baroi solhoi 2010-2020 tahiya gardida, qismi tarkibii Konsepsiyai millii Jumhurii Tojikiston oid ba solimgardonii mahfuzgohhoi partovhoi korkardi madani uran baroi solhoi 2016-2024 ba hisob meravad

 

1. HOLATI KUNUNII OBEKTHOI MEROSi VA MUSHKILOTI HALTALAB

 

  1. Justujui boshiddati madanhoi urani sanoati dar Tojikiston az solhoi badijangi (1945-1950) ogoz gardidaand va dar natija yak qator konho kashf gardidand. To in muddat dar shimoli kishvar az soli 1926 koni Taboshar malum buda, az madani urandori on radiy istikhroj karda meshud. Soli 1936 kon purra hamchun manbai ashyoi khomi urani iktishof gardidaast. Dar soli 1940 mavjudiyati uran dar koni Adrasmon, ki dar miyonai solhoi 30-um vismut istikhroj karda meshud, muqarrar karda shud.
  2. Mavjud budani konhoi uran dar Taboshar va Adrasmon yakbora mintaqai shimoli Tojikistonro chun mavzei afzaliyatnok baroi tashkili istikhroji sanoatii uran va korkardi madanhoi on muayyan namud.
  3. Baroi amali namudani istikhroji uran dar shimoli Tojikiston soli 1945 kombinati kuhivu kimiyovii makhsusi №6 dar hududi shahri Leninobod tasis doda shud, ki badtar nomi kombinati kuhi-kimiyovii Leninobod, Korkhonai davlatii “Kombinati metalhoi nodiri sharq”-ro girifta, holo KVD “Fuluzoti nodiri Tojikiston” nomguzori gardidaast.
  4. Dar natijai istikhroji sanoatii madaniyoti uran dar Jumhurii Tojikiston va faoliyati korkhonai mazkur khoktudahoi jinshoi kushoish, madanhoi zaif va berunaztavozuni az kon, chohho va partovhoi korkardi gidrometallurgii madanho (partovgohho) ba vujud omadaand, ki dar onho gilzatnokii ziyodi radionuklidhoi paydoishashon tabii va yakchand moddahoi zahrnok dida shuda, az sathi bekhatari baroi aholi va muhiti zist baland meboshand. CHunin obektho muvofiqi tasnifoti Agentii baynalmilali oid ba energiyai atomi (ABEA) ba obekthoi merosii istehsoloti uran dokhil meshavand va guzaronidani chorabinihoero talab menamoyand, ki imkoni past namudani khavfi tasiroti manfii onhoro dihand va nigohdorii bekhatari darozmuddati onhoro tamin namoyand. Miqdori umumii partovhoi sanoati kuhkorii tuli faoliyati korkhona jamgardida bo sathi balandi miqdori radionuklidhoi tabii ziyoda az 55,0 mln. tonnaro dar maydoni 180 ga tashkil medihand. Miqdori ziyodi chunin partovho ba obekthoi merosi urani taalluq doshta, nazorati tanzimi va ba holati bekhatar ovardanro talab menamoyand.
  5. Partovgohhoi sobiq istehsoloti uran va qismi ziyodi khoktudahoi istikhroji kuhii madaniyoti uran dar qalamravi viloyati Sugd manbahoi ehtimolii ifloskunandai hududhoi hamshafat, havoi atmosferi, obhoi zerizamini va daryoho meboshand, ki ba sifati manbahoi tamini obi nushoki va obyori istifoda meshavand. Tamini bekhatarii in obektho darki inhoro metalabad: manbaho va rohhoi shuokhurii (tasiri ekotoksikologii) obekthoi sobiqi urani ba muhiti zist ham dar sharoiti kununi va ham dar sharoiti zuhuroti ehtimolii imkonpaziri omilhoi favquloddai tabii (zaminlarza, yarch, jarayonhoi sel, obkhezi va g.), hamchunin zeri tasiri faoliyati insonho.
  6. Dar yakchand maydon darajai balandi gamma-afkanishoti beruni ba mushohida rasida, maqomoti mahallii hokimiyat va operatorhoi in obekthoro uhdador menamoyad, ki ba in mintaqaho aholiro roh nadihand, hamchunin oid ba rioya gardidani bekhatari dar chunin obektho sanjish guzaronand. Tavonoii miqdori barobari (TDM) gamma-afkanishot dar sathi partovgohho hududi az 0,3?1,5 mkZv/soat tashkil medihad. Dar baze mintaqahoi partovgohhoi sathashon kushoda TDM ba 30 mkZv/soat va ziyoda az on merasad. Sathi balandi TDM gamma-afkanishot, zichii balandi eskalatsiyai radon va mavjud budani mintaqahoi kushodai sathashon iflos, ki zarrahoi changhoi iflosgardidai onho ba hududhoi hamshafat pahn megardand, masalan, az sathi partovgohi Dehmoy yo dar mintaqai joygirshavii khoktudahoi fabrikai madaniyoti zaifi shahri Istiqlol (Taboshar), omilhoi khavfnoki radiatsionii shuokhuri baroi aholi va iflosshavii muhiti zist mahsub megardand. Dar in zamina sathi manzari tabiii gamma-afkanishot dar hududhoi hamshafat dar doirai az 0,10 to 0,30 mkZv dar yak soat farq menamoyad. Baroi guruhhoi muayyani aholii mahalli miqdori solonai shuokhuri mumkin ast az 1 mZv, ki ba hududi poyonii qimati sathi referenti baroi holati mavjudai shuokhuri muvofiq meoyad, ziyod shavad. Muvofiqi meyorhoi baynalmilali ehtimoliyati joydoshtani chunin sathi shuokhuri zarurati guzaronidani chorabinihoi muayyani muhofizatiro ba nazar megirad, ki sanjishi manbaho va rohhoi tashakkulyobii shuokhuriro imkon medihad, inchunin amalisozii barnomai monitoring va nazorati tekhnikiro ba sifati vositai dastgirii ittilooti dar asosnokkunii chunin chorabiniho talab menamoyad.
  7. Dar chunin maydonho istifoda namudani ob baroi nushidan va obyori, ki zeri tasiri shakhtavu karerhoi uranii tagi obmonda iflos megardand, obhoi ravoni zahkashho az partovgohho niz metavonand ba tavri qati ba shuokhuri orand. Arzyobii korshinosoni ABEA nishon dod, ki shuokhuri baroi guruhhoi muayyani aholi tanho az hisobi istemoli obhoi iflosgardida dar gizo va mahsuloti khurokvorii dar qitahoi bo obhoi iflosgardidai zahkashi obyorishavanda mumkin ast ilovatan ba omilhoi shuokhuri az hisobi manzari tabii ba 1?3 mZv dar yak sol rasad. Tanosubi rohhoi shuokhuri (az hisobi shuokhurii mustaqim, ingalyatsiya, istemoli ob, istemoli mavodi khuroka) baroi har yake az obtekthoi merosi urani farq menamoyad va boyad dar marhilai arzyobii bekhatarii har yak obekti mushakhkhas dar asosi barnomai arzyobii holat va monitoringi muhiti zist muayyan karda shavand Az in rubaroi har yak maydon guzaronidani monitoring va arzyobii rohhoi afzaliyatnoki shuokhuri hamchun asos baroi qabul namudani qaror qabul karda meshavad.
  8. Hususiyati khosi hamai obekthoi merosi urani in joygirshavii onho dar mintaqahoi kuhi va bevosita dar nazdikii mintaqahoi aholinishin meboshad. In manoi onro dorad, ki dar yak qator obektho hodisahoi geotekhniki (zaminlarza, yarch, selho, ravandhoi erozioni va g.) boyad dar vaqti arzyobii khavfho va banaqshagarii chorabinihoi solimgardoni ba inobat girifta shavand. Az jumla, chunin hodisahoi khususiyati tabii doshta baroi hududi SHimoli Tojikiston (mintaqai az jihati zaminlarza va omadani sel khatarnok) khos meboshand. Tayi chand soli okhir shash hodisai shustashavii partovgohho az jarayoni sel dar shahri Istiqlol va shahraki Adrasmon rui dodaast.
  9. Mushkiloti asosi in muhofizati obhoi zerizamini va sathi dar Jumhurii Tojikiston meboshad, ki dar mintaqai ehtimolii iflosshavi az obdavhoi drenaji va poloishii partovgohho joy giriftaand. Manbahoi ziyodi ehtimolii iflosshavii ob in obdavho az partovgohhoi shahri Istiqlol hamchunin obhoi zerizamini dar mintaqai tasiri partovgohi Dehmoy meboshand, ki ba daryoi Sir ravon megardand va muvofiqan muhimiyati tashakkuli barnomai monitorningi faromarzii iflosshavii daryoro ba miyon meorad.
  10. Kor bo aholi, ki mumkin ast dar doirai chorabinihoi Barnomai mazkur dasgiri yobad, imkoni baland bardoshtani sathi marifatnokii ekologii aholi, ba aholi yod dodani qoidahoi rioyai istifodai bekhatari zamin dar mavqehoi joygirshavii obekthoi merosi urani va hamchunin etimodnoki ba malumothoi arzyobii holat va chorabinihoi guzaronidashavandaro dar maydonho medihad. Robita bo aholi, ittiloot va chorabinihoi muntazami nazorati tekhniki imkon medihand, ki miqdori holathoi istifodai masolehi partovgohho, khoktudahoi madaniyoti zaif, ohanporaho va digar boqimondahoi merosi urani baroi ehtiyojoti sokhtmoni va maishi kam gardad.
  11. Omilhoi dar bolo zikrgardida baroi zarurati tahiya gashtani chunin barnomaho dar muddati kutohtarin jihati ogozi guzaronidani chorabinihoi amali zamina faroham meovarad. Bo vujudi in, baroi tamini ustuvorii darozmuddat va suboti chunin chorabiniho boyad talaboti zaminavi va tajribai tashkili kor va nazorat az boloi guzaronidani onho bo darnazardoshti amaliyai behtarini jahoni rioya gardand. Az jumla, dar oyanda boyad arzyobii asosnokkardashudai muayyanjui va chorabinihoi afzaliyatnok ijro karda shavand.
  12. Baroi tamini sharoithoi dar bolo ovardashuda dar Tojikiston boyad kadrhoi milli omuzonida va taiyor karda shavand, to in ki onho tavonand dar hama marhilahoi banaqshagirii strategiyaho, tahiyai loihaho va amalisozii onho ishtirok namoyand. CHunin barnomaho ayni zamon dar doirai loihahoi baynalmilali guzaronida shuda istodaand. Bo vujudi in, munosibati bonizom ba tarbiyai kadrhoi milli metavonad tanho dar doirai dastrgirii Barnomai davlatii mazkur tamin karda shavad.
  13. Peshtar dar Jumhurii Tojikiston baze az loihahoi solimgardoni az jumla, pushonidani partovhoi radioaktivii doroi sathi balandi radionuklidhoi tabii dar shahri B.Gafurovi viloyati Sugd allakay ijro shuda budand. Korho az tarafi Ittihodiyai istehsolii “Vostokredmet” (hozira KVD “Fuluzoti nodiri Tojikiston”) dar ogozi solhoi 90-um ijro gardida, az pushonidani partovho va masolehi madani bo qabati khokhoi bezarar, ki dar zavodi tajribavii shahri Gafurov korkard shudaand iborat meboshad. Az rui nishondihandahoi khud in partovgoh, ki dar hududi shahr joy giriftaast, ayni zamon hej khatari jiddi baroi aholii shahr nadorad. Bo vujudi in, boyad guft, ki baroi partovgohi mazkur masolehi korkard dar sharoiti nisbatan musoid qaror dorad (mavjud nabudani khatari zeri obmoni, ruypushi etimodnok – 2,5 m, gilkhok, iqlimi “khushk”). Az in ru, dar sharoiti hozira partovgoh nisbatan bekhatar meboshad, Ammo, baroi arzyobii holati on dar davrai hisoboti (150-200 soli minbada) zarur ast, ki arzyobii muvofiq guzaronida shavad va hangomi sokhtmoni navi obektu ruypushhoi hifozati meyorhoi muayyani loihavi az amaliyai behtarini jahoni istifoda gardand.
  14. Dar in solho 6 partovgoh dar hududi shahraki Adrasmon dar yak partovgohi №2 joygir karda shud va maydoni joygirshavii onho barqaror karda shud. Partovgohi № 2 bo masolehi kharsangii porahoyash kalon pushonida shud. Dar natija vazi radiatsioni dar shahrak behtar gardonida shud. Ammo farsh va nishebihoi partovgohi №2 ustuvor nestand, dar yak qator joyho obkandho va baromadi masolehi partovgoh bo nishebi ba berun mushohida megardad, ki chorabinihoi favriro oid ba nest kardani obkandho va tashkil kardani obpartohoro az sathi on talab menamoyand.
  15. Dar soli 2001 az hisobi mablaghoi az tarafi Hukumati Jumhurii Tojikiston judogardida, oqibathoi omadani jarayoni sel ba shahri Istiqlol, partovgohi shusta vayrongashtai sobiq Korgohi №3 va selnigohdorandai purshuda barham doda shudand, hamchunin dar partovgohi №2 shahraki Adrasmon chuqurii obkanda pushonida shud va dar mintaqai az mavodi radioaktiv iflosgashta korhoi solimgardoni guzaronida shuda bud. Ammo in nokifoya bud, zero qismi ziyodi partovhoi Korgohi № 3 tavassuti seloba ba masofai khele kalon ba qismati poyonii vodii Sarim-Sakhli-Say i Utkem-Su ovarda shud, ki vase namudani mintaqai sanjishi va nazoratiro talab menamoyad. Masolehi partovgoh boyad jamovari gashta, halli munosibi on baroi nigohdorii darozmuddat dar doirai konsepsiyai yagonai ba holati bekhatar ovardani maydonhoi merosi urani yofta shavad. Hizmatrasonii moneahoi bekhatari dar chunin obektho boyad muntazam guzaronida shuda, qaror oid ba mudokhila dar asosi malumothoi nazorati tekhniki va monitoriig qabul karda shavad.
  16. Soli 2001 Jumhurii Tojikiston azoi ABEA gardid. Bo qarori Hukumati Jumhurii Tojiiston vazifahoi maqomi davlatii tanzimkunanda ba dushi Agentii amniyati yadroi va radiatsioni, ki dar soli 2003 dar nazdi Akademiyai ilmhoi Jumhurii Tojikiston tasis doda shudaast, guzoshta shud. Korhoi muvofiqanamoii meyorhoi baynalmilalii idorakunii manbahoi khatarnoki radiatsioni va faoliyati vobasta ba istifodai tekhnologiyai radiatsioni ogoz gardidand. In hamchunin imkon dod, ki ba zarurati halli masalahoi mavjudbuda va idorakunii bekhatar, ba vujud ovardani moneahoi darozmuddati bekhatar dar partovgohho va maydonhoi sobiq istehsoloti Urani tibqi standarthoi baymilalii ABEA tavajjuh zohir gardad va az on jumla, korhoi murattab baroi jalbi zakhirahoi baynalmilalii moliyavi ogoz shavand. YAk qator chorabiniho, ki dar doirai loihahoi kumakhoi baynalmilalii tekhniki mablagguzoriashon ba nazar girifta shudaast, dar ruykhati chorabinihoi Barnomai mazkur joy doda shudaand.
  17. Hamchunin baroi amali namudani chorabiniho zakhirahoi fondhoi khususi va davlatii kishvarhoi donor dar doirai sozishnomahoi dujoniba jalb karda meshavand. Hamin tavr, dar soli 2014 dar hamkori bo Fondi SHveytsariya oid ba bezarargardonii minaho (GSD) loihai tavorasozii atrofi partovgohi urandori “Haritai 1-9” (bo darozii qarib 2,0 hazor metr) bo muvaffaqona amali karda shud. Ayni zamon loihai toza kardani mintaqahoi iflosgardidai obekti mazkur baroi idomai hamkoriho tahiya gardida istodaast. Amalisozii loiha imkon medihad, ki qabati boloii partovgohi “Haritai 1-9” barqaror shuda, qisman sobiq maydoni sanoatii zavodi gidrometallurgi dar shahri CHkalov toza shavad, ammo hama guna korhoi oid ba hamrohi, sanjish va monitoring dar tamini bekhatarii radiatsioni va ekologi boyad dar doirai Barnomai mazkur va badi anjomi loiha ijro karda shavand.
  18. Boyad qayd namud, ki SHuroi baynidavlatii Ittihodi hamkorii iqtisodii AvruOsiyo (EvrAzES) Konsepsiyai barnomai Ittihodi iqtisodii AvruOsiyo “Solimgardonii hududi davlathoi azoi Ittihodi hamkorii iqtisodii AvruOsiyoi zeri tasiri istehsoloti istikhroji uran qarorgirifta”- ro qabul namud. Maqsadi Barnomai maqsadnoki baynidavlati – past namudani khavfi ba miyon omadani holathoi favqulodda bo oqibathoi radioekologi dar hududi davlathoi azoi Ittihodi hamkorii iqtisodii AvruOsiyo (IHIAO) meboshad. Bo sababi barhamkhurii IHIAO (soli 2014) amalishavii minbadai Barnomai maqsadnoki baynidavlati dar doirai Komissiyai davlathoi azoi IDM oid ba istifodai energiyai atomi bo maqsadhoi osoishta surat megirad. Ba sifati obekthoi afzaliyatnok baroi solimgardoni obekthoi merosi uranii shahrakhoi Min-Kush va Koji-Soy (Jumhurii Qirgiziston) va shahri Istiqlol (Jumhurii Tojikiston) intikhob gardidand. Arzishi umumii Barnomai maqsadnoki baynidavlati 1 mlrd.155 mln. 971 hazor rubli rusiro tashkil doda (547 997,08 hazor rubli rusi baroi solimgardonii obekthoi shahri Istiqlol), ehtimolan dar du marhila amali megardad:

– marhilai avval solhoi 2013-2016;

– marhilai duyum solhoi 2017-2018.

  1. Novobasta ba kumakhoi ziyodi az tashkilothoi baynalmilali chashmdoshtshavanda jihati halli mushkiloti meroshoi urani dar Jumhurii Tojikiston, baroi muayyansozi va arzyobii holat, khizmatrasonihoi tekhnikii inshooti muhandisi, amalisozii sanjishi bekhatari va idorakunii obektho dar maydonhoi merosi urani dar Jumhurii Tojikiston davlat masuliyat dorad. Ayni zamon holati tekhnikii partovgohho guzaronidani korhoi asosnokkardashudai solimgardoniro talab menamoyad, zero qabati boloii peshtar sokhtashuda vayron gashta istodaast va khavfi sadamahoi radiatsioni bo oqibathoi manfii ziyod ba aholi va muhiti zist dar mintaqahoi tasiroti onho baland gardidaast. Solhoi okhir az sababi mahdudiyati imkonoti moliyavi korhoi sadamaviyu barqarorsozi mumkin ast nomuntazam va dar hajmi nopurra guzaronida shavand.
  2. Rivoj dodani zakhirahoi millii kadri va daryofti tajribai tekhnikii loihakashi va amalisozii loihahoi tekhniki dar Jumhurii Tojikiston bo darnazardoshti amaliyai behtarini jahoni muhim meboshad. Hama guna sabaqu norasoihoi bavujudorii chorabinihoi muhofizati dar obekthoi jumhuri, ki qablan ijro gashtaand boyad ba inobat girifta shavand va maktabi millii muhandisii muosir oid ba khizmatrasonii inshooti muhofizati tashkil karda shavad. Peshtar dar vaqti loihakashi va sokhtmoni partovgohho talabot ba mustahkamii onho ba nazar girifta nameshudand, moneahoi darozmuddati ziddipoloishi sokhta nashudaand, dar yak qator obektho moneahoi muhofizatii geotekhniki, ki imkoniyati tamini amniyatii obekthoro bar asari yarch, obkhezi va jarayonhoi sel medihand, sokhta nashudaand.
  3. Hangomi tahiyai Barnoma fehristi obekthoi khatari radiatsioni doshta ba muhiti zist va aholi dar asosi tahlili mavodi boygoni tartib doda shud. Gayr az in, baroi qabuli qarorhoi idorakuni zarur ast, ki doimo malumot oid ba holati obekthoi sobiq istehsoloti urani va donishho dar borai tagyiryobii khususiyathoi tasiroti manbahoi ifloskunandai muhiti zist (dinamikai omilhoi shuokhuri) az nav digar shavand. Baroi in zarur ast, ki hamai boygonihoi ittilooti dastrasi tarikhi doir ba obektho ba tartib darovarda shuda, talaboti muosir ba ittiloot va shaklhoi tahiyai shinosnomai tekhnikii obektho tashkil karda shavand. Malumot oid ba miqdor, tarkib va shakli partovhoi dar mahfuzgohho va khoktudaho nigohdorishavanda va vazni partovhoi radioaktivi az rui malumoti chenkunii marksheyderi, ki dar vaqti bahrabardori va muvaqqatan qat namudani istifodai onho ba dast omadaand, hisob karda shudaast. Onho boyad az rui natijahoi bahodihii mustaqim va gayrimustaqim daqiq karda shavand.
  4. Zarur ast, ki qaror dar borai meyorhoi mansubiyati masoleh va obekthoi muhiti zist dar maydonhoi sobiqi istehsoloti urani ba obekthoi merosi, ki sanjishi tanzimiro talab menamoyand, qabul karda shavad. Muvofiqi standarthoi bekhatarii ABEA ba sifati meyorhoi muayyansozi obekthoi sobiq istehsoloti urani va qabuli qaror oid ba zarurati sanjishi tanzimi va itifodai chorahoi munosibi muhofizati, sathi referantii doza istifoda megardad, ki odatan dar hududi az 1 to 20 mZv dar yak sol ilova bar shuokhuri az omilhoi tabii muqarrar karda meshavand. Beshtar meyorhoi muayyansozi hosilai gayrimustaqim, meyorhoi bekhatari yo meyorhoi ozodshavii masoleh va obektho az sanjishi tanzimi istifoda megardand. Aksaran meyorhoi muayyansozi masoleh bo sathi balandi radionuklidhoi tabii (NORM) nisbat ba andozai konsentratsiyai faolnokii har kadome az radionuklidhoi qatori uran-torii andozai – 1 Bk/g istifoda meshavad, ki ziyod nakardani in andoza imkon medihad, ki onho az sanjishi tanzimi ozod shavand. Ammo qarorro boyad maqomi tanzimgar qabul namoyad. Dar baze holatho mumkin ast in guna indikator ba sathhoi boloi yo poyonii tavsiyashuda dar asosi tahlili bekhatarii har yak holati mushakhkhas asosnok karda shavad. Muqarrar namudani chunin meyorho baroi har yak obekti Jumhurii Tojikiston vazifai maqomi tanzimgar meboshad. CHunin vazifaho boyad dar doirai Barnomai mazkur niz ijro karda shavand. Meyorhoi ba in monand (sathi sanjishi) baroi digar nishondihandahoi holati radiatsioni (tavonoii dozai ekspozitsionii gamma-shuokhuri, konsentratsiyai hajmii faolnokii radon-222 dar binohoi sobiq istehsoloti uran va dar binohoi istiqomati, nishondihandahoi bekhatari baroi ob va mavodi khuroka, ki dar hududhoi atrofi obekthoi merosi urani parvarish gashtaand) yo digar nishondihandahoi khavfnoki gayriradiologi (masalan, iflosshavii muhiti zist bo mavodi kimiyovii paydoishi madani) niz muqarrar karda meshavand. Dar davlathoi Ittihodi Avrupo munosibate istifoda megardad, ki dar on boloravii sathi alfa-faoliyati umumi dar obhoi drenaji va poloishi indikatori – 0,1- Bk/l, diqqati khosaro ba masalahoi iflosgardii ob, guzaronidani tashkhisi tarkibi izotopi va bahodihii bekhatarii istemoli ob talab menamoyad. Dar bisyor kishvarho nishondihandahoi meyori toksikologii maqbuli umum – miqdori umumii uran dar obsathi 30 mkg/l istifoda meshavad. Digar meyorho baroi nigohdori va sathi faolnokii khosi radionuklidhoi qatorhoi uran-torii baroi obhoi sathi va zerizamini ba sifati meyori bekhatari istemoli obho niz muqarrar karda meshavand. In manoi onro dorad, ki Agentii amniyati yadroi va radiatsionii Akademiyai ilmhoi Jumhurii Tojikiston dar yakjoyagi bo digar maqomoti tanzimgar dar sohahoi hifzi muhiti zist va tandurusti boyad sathhoi muvofiqi referentii shuokhuri va sathi hosilshavii iflosgardii muhiti zistro muqarrar namoyand, ki boyad baroi sanjishi tasirot, amaligardonii samaranoki barnomai monitoring va asosnokkunii chorahoi favrii idorakunii bekhatarii maydonhoi istehsoloti urani, az jumla meyorhoi iflosshavii radioaktivi va kimiyovii muhiti zist asos gardand. Korhoi mukammalsozii standarthoi millii holati muhiti zist dar mintaqai tasiroti obekthoi istehsoloti urani va muqarrar namudani meyorhoi bekhatarii istiqomat dar Jumhurii Tojikiston boyad qismi tarkibii chorabinihoi nazorati tanzimii obekthoi merosi urani gardand.
  5. Umuman, dar qalamravi viloyati Sugd 10 obekt bo partovhoi radioaktivi, hamchunin miqdori ziyodi khoktudahoi jinshoi kushoish va madanhoi berun az tavozuni az karer, shakhtaho va shtolnyaho joygir shudaand. Zarurati amalisozii chorabiniho, bonavbati va afzaliyatnokii onho boyad az rui natijahoi barnomai nazorat va monitoring dar doirai Barnomai mazkur, hamchunin dar asosi natijahoi bahodihii bekhatari dar yakjoyagi bo korshinosoni baynalmilali muqarrar karda shavad.
  6. Hamin tavr, tatbiqi Barnoma ba inobat giriftani hamai natijahoi korhoi peshtar anjomyofta, yakjoyakuni va ijroi korhoi ayni zamon va dar oyanda mablagguzorishavandaro az hisobi fondhoi kumakhoi baynalmilali va barnomahoi bujeti dar doirai Barnomai davlatii hamohanggashta tavsiya medihad, ki beshubha dar majmu samaranokii ijroi hamai chorabinihoro afzun menamoyad. Ishtiroki kadrhoi milli imkoni qatan rushdi iqtidorhoi kadri, tekhniki va tashkilii hamkorihoro dar Jumhurii Tojikiston jihati halli mushkiloti merosi istehsoloti urani medihad.
  7. Dar poyon tavsifi hadafho va vazifaho, ki boyad ijro karda shavand, ovarda shudaast. Sokhtori Barnoma tavre asosnok karda shudaast, ki har yak bobi on az nomgui chorabinihoi, ki ijroyashon dar doirai har yak vazifa zarur buda bo nishon dodani iqtidori loihahoi kumakhoi baynalmilali va on loihaho, ki dar doirai Barnomai milli az hisobi Bujeti davlati ijro meshavand iborat meboshad.

 

2. MAQSAD VA VAZIFAHOI BARNOMA

 

  1. Maqsadhoi Barnomai mazkur inhoand:

– tamin namudani zindagii bekhatari aholi va hifzi muhiti zist dar joyhoi joygironii obekthoi merosi urani;

– muhayyo namudani sharoithoi rushdi ustuvori mahalhoi joygirshavii obekthoi merosi urani dar natijai ba holati bekhatar ovardani onho.

  1. Baroi rasidan ba in maqsadho ijroi vazifahoi zerin zarur meboshand:

– takmili zaminai qonunguzori va meyorii idorakunii bekhatari va solimgardonii obekthoi merosi urani, az jumla munosibgardoni va muqarrar namudani meyorhoi millii tamini bekhatari va amaligardonii samaranoki chorabinihoi solimgardoni;

– tashkili nizomi samaranoki nazorati bekhatarii muomilot bo partovhoi korkardi madanhoi urani va idorakunii darozmuddati bekhatarii maydonhoi joygirshavii obekthoi merosii urani, az jumla: tahiya va tatbiqi barnomahoi dastgirii nizomi inshootii monitoring va nazorati tekhniki; naqshahoi muhofizati radiatsioni zimni amalisozii chorabiniho va barnomahoi nazorati institutsionali dar davrai bad az anjomyobii faoliyati solimgardoni;

– takmildihii infrasokhtori tekhnikii zersokhtorho va iqtidorhoi kadrii operator va regulyatori obekthoi marosi urani baroi samaranok ijro namudani vazifahoyashon;

– takmili sharoithoi ijtimoivu iqtisodii istiqomati aholi dar hududhoi mintaqahoi tasiri obekthoi sobiq istehsoloti urani;

– faroham ovardani sharoithoi meyorivu huquqi jihati jalbi sarmoyaguzorii baymilalii dastgirii barnomahoi faoliyati solimgardoni.

  1. Hadafho va vazifahoi dar bolo zikrgardida, rohhoi halli onho, marhilahoi amalisozi, sarchashmahoi mablagguzori va ijrokunandagoni ekhtimolii vazifaho dar Barnomai davlatii mazkur barrasi megardand.

 

3. MEHANIZMI TATBIQI BARNOMA VA SANJISH AZ RAFTI IJROI ON

 

  1. Ruykhati chorabiniho, ki baroi rasidan ba maqsadhoi dar bolo ovardashuda va ijroi vazifahoi guzoshtashuda peshnihod gardidaand, dar asosi omuzishi tajribai barnomai mushobeh bo darnazardoshti natijahoi kori darozmuddati Korgohi ilmi-istehsolii “Tekhnologiya” KVD “Fuluzoti nodiri Tojikiston”, dar asosi peshnihodhoi Vazorati sanoat va tekhnologiyahoi navi Jumhurii Tojikiston, Agentii amniyati yadroi va radiatsionii Akademiyai ilmhoi Jumhurii Tojikiston, hamchunin tavsiyaho, ki az korshinosoni Agentii baynalmilali oid ba energiyai atomi (ABEA) va dar natijai bahodihii peshakii yak qator loihahoi baynalmilali ba dast omadaand, tartib doda shudaand.
  2. Ijrokunandagoni hujjati mazkur Vazorati sanoat va tekhnologiyahoi navi Jumhurii Tojikiston, Agentii amniyati yadroi va radiatsionii Akademiyai ilmhoi Jumhurii Tojikiston, idorahoi mamuri, maqomoti ijroiyai mahallii hokimiyati davlati, tashkilothoi ilmi va korkhonai makhsusgardonidashuda oid ba muomilot bo partovhoi radioaktivi meboshand, ki har yake metavonad dar amalishavii chorabinihoi Barnomai mazkur dar doirai salohiyathoi khud ishtirok namoyad. Dar vaqti tahiyai hujjati mazkur peshnihodho va natijahoi barrasi bo korshinosoni Agentii baynalmilali oid ba energiyai atomi istifoda gashtaand.
  3. Tajribai jahoni nishon medihad, ki tatbiqi bomuvaffaqiyati loihahoi buzurgi solimgardoni tanho dar surate imkonpazir ast, ki hamai ishtirokchiyoni manfiatdor naqshi khudro aniq dark karda tavonand va vazifahoi onho va paydarpaii amalisozii barnoma muayyan shudaand va daqiq ijro karda meshavand.
  4. Agentii amniyati yadroi va radiatsionii Akademiyai ilmhoi Jumhurii Tojikiston dar asosi tavsiyahoi ABEA Nizomnomai ijozatnomadihiro baroi barnomai ijroi chorabinihoi solimgardoni ki dar on vazifahoi korkhona – Operatori obekthoi merosi, hamchunin vazifaho va mekhanizmi ijroi chorabiniho dar doirai Barnomai mazkur vozeh darj gardidaand, tahiya menamoyad. Hamchunin meyorhoi tanzimii muvofiq tahiya, tartibi nazorati inspektori az boloi ijroi vazifahoi tamini bekhatari va samaranokii ijroi Barnomai mazkur baroi hamai ishtirokchiyoni on muqarrar karda meshavad.
  5. Agentii amniyati yadroi va radiatsionii Akademiyai ilmhoi Jumhurii Tojikiston maqomi tanzimgar meboshad va siyosati yagonai davlatro dar sohai amniyati radiatsioni mebarad. Vazifahoi asosii on oid ba muomilot bo partovhoi radioaktivi muvofiqi tavsiyahoi Agentii baynalmilali oid ba energiyai atomi oid ba tashkili korho dar obekthoi merosi urani inhoyand:

– yakjoya bo operator strategiya va barnomai (naqshai) guzaronidani chorabinihoi solimgardoniro tahiya menamoyad;

– mutobiqati strategiyai peshnihodshudaro bo meyorhoi qonunguzori va tanzimii amalkunanda arzyobi menamoyad, hangomi zarurat muvofiqa mekunad yo hujjatro baroi takmildihi mefiristad;

– meyorhoi holati okhironi maydon – radiologi va ekologi (mahdudiyathoi dozavi, darajai sanjishi iflosshavi, ozod shudan az sanjishi tanzimi va gayra), hamchunin meyorhoi bekhatarii istifodai zaminro badi anjomi chorabiniho muqarrar menamoyad; – sharoiti ijozatnomadihiro baroi ijroi samaranoki chorabiniho, az jumla talabot oid ba tamini bekhatari, monitoringi muhiti zist, iazorati holati obektho va sifati korho tahiya menamoyad;

– nazorati tanzimii natijaho va samaranokii ijroi Barnomaro tamin menamoyad;

– naqshahoi nazorati tekhnikii darozmuddat va institutsionaliro (az jumla tanzimiro) muvofiqa va tasheh menamoyad.

  1. Maqomi tanzimgar faoliyati khudro dar kooperatsiyai zich bo digar vazoratu idoraho, hamchunin bo operatori maydonhoi merosi urani ijro menamoyad.
  2. To imruz hamai partovgohho va khoktudahoi jinshoi kuhii sanoati urani dar tavozuni KVD “Fuluzoti nodiri Tojikiston” qaror dorand, ki on operator oid ba guzaronidani korhoi solimgardoni mahsub yofta, dar tobeiyati maqomi vakolatdori davlati dar sohai muomilot bo partovhoi radioaktivi – Vazorati sanoat va tekhnologiyahoi navi Jumhurii Tojikiston qaror dorad. Dar nazar ast dar doirai amalisozii chorabinihoi Barnoma korkhonai makhsusgardonidashuda oid ba nazorati maydonhoi merosii istehsoloti urani tasis gardida, vazifahoi ijroiyai operatori millii obekthoi merosi urani ba on meguzarand.
  3. Muvofiqi amaliyai behtarini jahoni va tavsiyahoi Agentii baynalmilali oid ba energiyai atomi vazifahoi operator az inho iboratand:

– tamin namudani sanjish va monitoringi holati obekthoi merosi urani va muntazam guzaronidani bahodihii tasiri onho ba muhiti zist, muayyansozii obekthoi merosi, ki muvofiqi talaboti tanzimi va meyorhoi bekhatari chorabinihoi muhofizatiro talab menamoyand;

– guzaronidani nazorati tekhniki, tashkil va hamrohii chorabinihoi tekhniki dar marhilai omodasozi, amalisozi va pas az anjomyobii chorabinihoi solimgardoni (sanjishi institutsionali);

– tamin namudani nigohdori va idorakunii hamai malumothoi dastras oid ba holati maydonho, natijahoi bahisobgiri, monitoring va chorabiniho, ki yagon vaqt ijro gashtaand yo dar maydonhoi merosi urani ijro meshavand, muayyansozii obekthoi merosi baroi guzaronidani chorabinihoi avvalindaraja, musoidat namudan ba ijroi samaranoki bahodihii bekhatari va dar omodasozii chorabinihoi solimgardoni; – ishtirok namudan dar tahiyai strategiya va barnomahoi chorabinihoi solimgardoni dar obektho (dar in mavrid yakjoya bo Agentii amniyati yadroi va radiatsionii Akademiyai ilmhoi Jumhurii Tojikiston va korshinosoni baynalmilali). Guzaronidani murofiai jamiyati va muvofiqa namudani naqshai chorabiniho bo aholii mahalli, tashkilothoi manfiatdor, hamchunin strategiyai darozmuddati istifodai chunin maydonho pas az anjomi Barnoma muvofiqi meyorhoi vazi nihoi, ki dar Strategiyai milli muqarrar gardidaast;

– giriftani ijozatnoma borai ijroi korho, muayyan namudani pudratchii mutasaddi, tahiya namudani barnomai kor va jadvali mufassali ijro namudani vazifaho va marhilahoi mustaqiman yo dar yakjoyagi bo tashkilothoi loihavii shariki dar doirai loihahoi milli va baynalmilali;

– tashkil namudani tender va tartibi sanjishi ijro va sifati korho baroi ijrokunandagoni Barnoma;

– mustaqiman yo dar yakjoyagi bo tashkilothoi loihavi ishtirok namudan dar tahiya namudani loihai konseptualii (tarhi) chorabiniho, asosnokkunii tekhnikivu iqtisodi, tayyor namudani hisobot dar borai bekhatari va arzyobii tasir ba muhiti zist, tahlil va guzaronidani chorabinihoi ekspertii hujjathoi loihavi, hamchunin mustaqiman yo dar yakjoyagi bo tashkilothoi pudrati tamin namudani chorabinihoi muhandisi va khizmatrasonii inshooti muhandisi;

– arzyobii tasir ba muhiti zist, halli loihavi, chorabinihoi muhandisi, barnomai monitoringi inshooti muvofiqi rohhoi afzaliyatnoki shuokhuri va tasir ba muhiti zist;

– tayyor namudani hisobot va malumot baroi maqomi tanzimgar va maqomoti idorakunii davlati oid ba holati obektho, rafti ijroi korho, hamchunin oid ba yagon holati khususiyati favquloddadoshta yo mukholifati ijroi faoliyat ba rasmiyoti muqarrargardida, talabot yo sharthoi ijozatnomavi dar davrai guzaronidani chorabiniho va sanjishi institutsionalii darozmuddat dar davrai pas az solimgardoni.

  1. Nazorat va sanjishi institutsionalii hamai namudi faoliyati solimgardoni az tarafi operator dar yakjoyagi dar hamai marhilahoi ijroi kor (dar marhilai banaqshagiri, ijroi kor va badi anjomi kor dar rafti davrai az tarafi maqomi tanzimgar muqarrargardida) guzaronida meshavad. CHunin namudi korho az tarafi KVD “Fuluzoti nodiri Tojikiston” va digar tashkilothoi shariki ijro karda meshavand. Tartibi hisobotdihi az tarafi Vazorati sanoat va tekhnologiyahoi navi Jumhurii Tojikiston dar muvofiqa bo Agentii amniyati yadroi va radiatsionii Akademiyai ilmhoi Jumhurii Tojikiston muqarrar karda meshavad.
  2. Dar nazar ast, ki qismati ziyodi jorabiniho dar doirai barnoma va loihahoi baymilalii kumaki tekhnikii dujoniba mablagguzori megardand. CHorabinihoi dar doirai loihahoi baynalmilali ijroshavanda boyad bo on chorabinihoe, ki dar doirai mablagguzorii bujeti muvofiqi Barnomai davlatii mazkur ijro megardand, samaranok hamohang karda shavand. Vazifai hamohangsozii chunin loihaho va chorabiniho dar doirai barnomahoi gunogun mumkin ast ba SHuroi makhsusi mushohidavi yo hamohangsozii nazdi Hukumati Jumhurii Tojikiston yo ba maqomi vakolatdori davlati dar sohai muomilot bo partovhoi radioaktivi voguzor karda shavad. In imkoniyati hamasola banaqshagirii samaranoki chorabinihoro doda, hamohangsozi va sanjishi samaranokii ijroi vazifahoi ba operator guzoshtashudaro amali menamoyad Muvofiqi amaliyai behtarini jahoni agar operatori ijrokunandai loihahoi faoliyati solimgardoni baroi ijroi vazifahoi barnomavi yo chorabinihoi muhandasi yagon tashkiloti pudratchii gayriasosiro hamroh namoyad, masuliyati bekhatari, ijroi talaboti tanzimi va talaboti ijozatnomavi ba dushi tashkilot-operator voguzor meshavad. Az in ru, dar doirai Barnoma boyad sharthoi mufassali ijozatnomavi, hamchunin tartibi sanjishi mamuri va tanzimi az boloi ijroi onho tahiya karda shavad.
  3. Ijroi loihahoi baynalmilali dar qalamravi Jumhurii Tojikiston guzaronidani ekspertizai loihahoro muvofiqi qonunguzorii milli talab menamoyad, hamchunin dar yak qator holatho baroi guzaronidani ekspertizai loihahoi baynalmilali mumkin ast onho ba Agentii baynalmilali oid ba energiyai atomi firistoda shavand. Korshinosoni baymilaliro Agentii baynalmilali oid ba energiyai atomi metavonad jalb namoyad va az hisobi bujeti Barnomai CGULS haqqi kori onhoro pardokht namoyad.
  4. Vazorati sanoat va tekhnologiyahoi nav hamasola ba Hukumati Jumhurii Tojikiston oid ba holati obektho va rafti ijroi korho dar doirai ijroi Barnoma hisobot peshnihod menamoyad.

 

4. HAVFU HATAR BA TATBIQ GARDIDANI BARNOMA

 

  1. Maqsad va vazifahoi Barnoma tanho dar surati dastgirii moliyavi dar doirai Barnomai davlatii mazkur, donorhoi baynalmilali, hamchunin hamkorii samaranok miyoni maqomi tanzimgari Jumhurii Tojikiston (Agentii amniyati yadroi va radiatsionii Akademiyai ilmhoi Jumhurii Tojikiston) va operatori obekthoi merosi (KVD “Fuluzoti nodiri Tojikiston”) noil va ijro megardand. Tamini samaranoki hamrohii tanzimii chorabinihoi Barnoma, hamchunin hamkorii tarafayn bo maqomoti mahallii hokimiyat, sokhtorhoi baynalmilali donorho va hamohangsozoni barnomahoe, ki dar doirai onho chorabinihoi Barnomai mazkur mablagguzori megardand, niz muhim meboshad.
  2. Bo ijroi bobarori Barnoma hamchunin metavonand khavfhoi idorakunii gayrisamaranok va tamini nokifoyai meyorivu tanzimii chorabiniho, ki bevosita va gayrimustaqim metavonand baroi rasidan ba maqsad va vazifahoi Barnoma tasir rasonand, monegi namoyand.
  3. Tahdidho ba amalishavii Barnoma metavonand omilhoi dokhili va beruni boshand:

a) omilhoi beruna:

– imkonnopazirii amalishavii barnomahoi baynalmilalii hamkorii tekhniki yo digar sharoithoi obektivii pastkunandai hajm va samaranokii hamkorihoi baynalmilalii tekhniki;

– qarorhoi loihavi, ki dar natijai ekspertizai baynalmilali takmili loihaho yo mablagguzorii ilovagii bo qarorhoi loihavi peshbininashudaro talab menamoyand;

– tagyir yoftani sharoiti siyosii hamkori yo digar holati fors-majorii mustaqil, ki metavonand ba qat yo ba digar muhlat guzaronidani kumakrasoni orand.

b) omilhoi dokhili:

– nomukammalii meyorho va qoidahoi banaqshagiri va tamini barnomai chorabinihoi solimgardoni;

– mavjud nabudani mekhanizmi samaranoki idorakunii maydonhoi merosi, nokifoyagii ishtirok va sathi takhassusmandii kadrhoi milli, kori besamari operator, mavjud nabudan yo mekhanizmi besamari mablagguzorii chorabinihoi Barnoma az Bujeti davlatii Jumhurii Tojikiston.

  1. Ba samaranok ijroshavii Barnoma holathoi forsmajori ba namudi hodisahoi sadamavi va favqulodai tabii, hamchunin amaliyoti harbi yo digar amaliyot dar kalamravi Jumhurii Tojikiston, ki dar doirai Barnomai mazkur ehtimoliyati onho khele kam ast, metavonand tasir rasonand.

 

5. NATIJAHOI MANZURi AZ TATBIQI BARNOMA

 

  1. Dar natijai amalishavii chorabinihoi Barnoma, az on jumla banaqshagiri va ijroi chorahoi solimgardoni, ki dar Barnoma peshbiii shudaand, az jumla az hisobi kumakhoi baynalmilali, chunin natijaho chashmdosht khohand shud: maydonhoi merosi urani ba holati bekhatari ekologi bo rohi konservatsiyai obektho va solimgardonii maydonhoi merosi bar asari sokhtani moneahoi hifozati, toza namudani maydonhoi iflosgardida, bunyodi nizomi samaranok va bekhatari muomilot bo partovhoi istehsoloti uran tibqi amaliyai baynalmilali, talaboti tanzimi va tekhniki ovarda meshavand. CHorabiniho dar hamai obekthoi merosi uranii oshkorgardida va dar doirai Strategiyai milli muvofiqagardidai hududi viloyati Sugd guzaronida meshavand.
  2. Ba natijahoi chashmdoshtshavanda metavon bo rohhoi zerin noil gardid:

– tasisi zaminai meyorivu tanzimii samaranoki idorakunii maydonhoi merosi urani va partovhoi istehsoloti urani;

– bahisobgirii obekthoi sobiq istehsoloti urani;.

– tashkili sanjishi tanzimi, monitoring va nazorati tekhniki dar obekthoi merosi urani, ki imkoniyati peshgiri namudani voridshavii benazoratro ba maydonhoi merosi, vayronsozii moneahoi amalkunandai bekhatari va istifodai benazorati maydonho, masolehi merosi va partovhoi radioaktiviro dar obekthoi merosi urani medihad;

– banaqshagirii asosnokshuda va munosibgardonii chorabiniho dar muvofiqa bo loihahoi baynalmilalii hamkori, amalisozii chunin loihaho va tamini nazorati darozmuddati holati onho;

– baland bardoshtani takhassusmandii kadrhoi milli tamini dasturi, dasturamalho, tavsiyaho va tartibi bahodihii holati obektho, guzaronidani barnomai nazorati tekhniki va monitoring, tashkili chorabinihoi muhofizati radiatsioni va ittilootonii aholi, hamchunin ishtiroki kadrhoi milli dar amaligardonii chorabinihoi muhofizati va nazorati darozmuddat.

  1. Ijroi chorabiniho dar doirai Barnoma imkoniyati tamin namudani sanjishi bekhatariro dar chunin maydonho, bahisobgiri va kohishi haddiaqalii khavfhoi tasiroti onhoro medihad, ba tavri muvofiq baroi jalbi sarmoyai khoriji sharoitro na faqat baroi amalisozii loihahoi faoliyati solimgardoni faroham mesozad, balki dar umum jalbiyati sarmoyaguzoriro baroi rushdi iqtidorhoi iqtisodii mintaqa baland mebardorad. Ijroi Barnoma imkoniyati vase namudani hamkorihoi baynalmilaliro dar sohai muomilot bo partovhoi radioaktivi va rushdi bekhatarii radiatsioniro dar Jumhurii Tojikiston medihad.

 

6. MABLAGHOI ZARURi VA SARCHASHMAHOI MABLAGGUZORi

 

  1. Tahiyai in Barnoma va minbad loihakashihoi marhilavii chorabinihoi muhandisi dar sharoite ijro karda meshavand, ki hamai korho oid ba istikhroj va korkardi uran dar qalamravi Tojikiston qat gardidaand. Korkhonaho, ki bo quvvai onho amalisozii loihahoi az bahrabardori barovardani konho, tamin namudani guronidani partovho toza namudani hududhoi iflosgardida ba nazar girifta shuda bud, allakay vujud nadorand. Bazei onho tabdili istehsolot kardaand va korkhonahoi davlati ba hisob rafta, jihati ba holati bekhatar ovardani maydonhoi mazkur zakhirahoi zaruri nadorand. In vaziyat dar sharoiti baamalomada dar qatori digar omilhoe, ki ba andozai kharji chashmdosht tasir merasonad muayyankunanda meboshad. Hamchunin dar nazar ast, ki agar solhoi nazdik chorabinihoi barqarorsozi dar yak qator obektho guzaronida nashavand, on goh dar oyanda baroi ba holati bekhatar ovardani onho mablagkhoi khele kalon lozim megardand. Az in ru, dar nazar ast, ki ba sharoiti vaznini iqtisodi nigoh nakarda, Hukumati Jumhurii Tojikiston dar doirai Barnomai davlatii mazkur imkoniyathoro baroi mablagguzorii chorabinihoi munosibgardoni va takmilsozii hujjathoi meyorivu tanzimii milli, monitoring va nazorat, tamini guzaronidani korho dar obekthoi merosi urani va digar chorabinihoi dar Barnoma qaydgardididaro, ki imkoni jalb va istifodai samaranoki kumakhoi moliyavii tashkilothoi baynalmilaliro medihand, daryoft menamoyad.
  2. Bo nazardoshti vazi iqtisodi dar jumhuri manbahoi asosii mablagguzorii hamai korho baroi mavquf guzoshtan va guronidani partovho, bartarafsozii oqibathoi korkardi konhoi urani boyad jalbi mablaghoi gayribujeti – fondhoi hifzi muhiti zist, kumaki sozmonhoi baynalmilali va gayra boshand. Lekin, boyad zikr namud, ki unsuri muhim dar baland bardoshtani samaranokii kumaki baynalmilali ba Tojikiston dar halli masalai solimgardonii sobiq obekthoi urani va muhayyo namudani sharoiti bekhatari zisti mavzei hamshafati aholinishin in jalbi loihahoi gunoguni sarmoyaguzori bo istifoda az barnomahoi millii bujeti meboshad. CHunki kumaki baynalmilali baroi amalishavii loihaho tanho dar on surat samaranok megardad, ki dar barobari rasonidani kumakhoi moliyavi, korshinosi va tekhnikii tashkilothoi baynalmilali kharojoti amaliyotii tatbiqi loihaho bo mablagguzorii milli niz dastgirii yobad.
  3. Dar sharoiti mahdudi imkonoti moliyavi afzaliyatnokii ijroi korho dar obekthoi khavfnoki radiatsionii Jumhurii Tojikiston dar Konsepsiyan millii Jumhurii Tojikiston ba solimgardonii mahfuzgohhoi partovhoi korkardi madani uran baroi solhoi 2016-2024 muayyan karda shudaast, ahamiyati makhsus dorad.

Инчунин кобед

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