Aloqai mutaqobilai uzvhoi rastani

Faoliyati hamai uzvhoi rastanihoi guldor ba hamdigar zich aloqamand meboshad. Masalan, dar barghoi sabz agar obro reshaho jabbida dastrasi bargi rastaniho nagardonand, fotosintez guzashta nametavonad. Be moddahoi madanie, ki onhoro reshaho jabbida megi- rand moddahoi organikii murakkab, khususan safedaho nametavo- nand hosil shavand. Dar navbati khud reshaho ham nametavonand nagz sabzida, ba har taraf shokha ronand, agar az barg ba boftahoi hosil- kunandai nugi resha moddahoi gizoii organiki, yane mahsuloti fotosintez ovarda nashavand. Hamin tavr, rastanihoi guldor organizmhoi tomi serhujayra buda, sokhti murakkab dorand va har yak uzvi onho bo khususiyathoi khosash vazifai muayyanero ijro mekunad.

CHi tavre ki allakay sukhan raft, resha obu namakhoi madanii khokro mejabbad va rastaniro dar zamin ustuvoru poydor nigoh me dorad.

Poya ba bolo sabzida barghoi rastaniro ba rushnoy mebarorad va tavassuti vay obu namakhoi madani va mahluli moddahoi organiki ba joyhoi lozimi burda meshavand.

Dar rushnoi dar khloroplasti bargi rastaniho moddahoi orga- nikie, ki baroi gizogirii hujayrahoi hamai uzvhoi rastani zarurand, hosil meshavand. Barg obro bukhor mekunad va bo in vasila bahamaloqamandii tamomi uzvho tamin gardida, koru vazi- fahoi bazimmadoshtai onho muntazam amali megardad.

Gulu meva uzvhoi afzoishi tukhmii rastaniho meboshand. Zero, har kadom rastanii guldor badi gardoludshavi, ki az pasi on bor- dorshavi ba amal meoyad, inkishof yofta, az yak hujayra — zigota ba organizmi bisyorhujayra mubaddal meshavad. Janini serhujayra inkishof meyobad. Dar sharoiti musoid az janin rastanii guldor rusta barkamol meshavad. Rastani bo hamin roh az tukhm meafzoyad.

Hamin tavr, dar davrai muayyani hayotash har rastanii guldor afzoish mekunad. Sarfi nazar az on ki, vay az tukhm, yo bo rohi nashvi afzudaast, rastanii ba khud monandro ba vujud meorad.

Bahamaloqamandii uzvhoi rastani boisi vobastagii tarafay- ni inkishofi uzvhoi ruizamini va zerikhoki meshavad. Masalan, poyai buridashuda yo sakht osebdida dar oqibati kor nobud meshavad. Hamii hodisa bo reshae, ki poyaash burida shudaast, niz ruy medihad. CHunki dar natichai osebbini yo burida shudani uzvho baham aloqamandii onho vayron meshavad va onho chun rastanii tomu yago- na faoliyat karda nametavonand. Vale dar baze rastaniho qobiliyati barqarorkunii uzvhoi nabuda yo nobudshuda khele inkishofyofta meboshad, binobar on in khel rastaniho dar sharoiti mu- soid metavonand dar poyaashon reshahoi ilovagi yo dar reshaashon mugjakhoi ilovagi paydo karda (chi tavre ki dar afzoishi nashvi dida meshavad), sabzishu inkishofashonro purra barqaror kunand.

Bazan dar sharoithoi muayyan hangomi boshiddat sabzishu inkishof yoftani uzvhoi alohidai rastani uzvhoi digari on ham tagyir meyoband. Masalan, badi ba rastani gizoi ilovagii madani (selit- ra) dodan, barg kalontar va rangash baland (sabzi kabudchatob) shuda, dar on moddahoi organiki beshtar hosil meshavand. Rastani beshtar gizo megirad. In boisi nashunamoi uzvhoi digar megardad.

1. Bahamaloqamandii uzvhoi rastanihoi guldorro bo misolho sharh dihed.
2. Hususiyathoi khosi uzvhoi ruizamini va zerikhokii rastanihoi guldorro nombar kuned.
3. Bahampayvastii uzvhoi rastanihoro chi tavr manidod kardan mumkin ast?