ARTERIYAHO

ARTERIYAHO (Arteria; az yun. aerterio – nigoh doshtan), sharayon, surkhrag, raghoe, ki az dil sar shuda, khunro ba uzvho va boftahoi badan mebarand. Ba vositai A. khuni tozai az oksigen ser (rangash surkhi ravshan ast) harakat mekunad (gayr az A.-i shush, ki onho khuni varidiro az dil ba shush mebarand). Silsilai A. az A.-i shush, aorta va ragchahoi khurdtarini khungard (arteriola) iborat ast. Ragchahoi A. ba ham payvast shuda, anastamozhoro tashkil mekunand, ki onho hangomi dar A.-i asosi qat shudani harakati khun uzvhoro bo khun tamin mesozand.
A. naychai nihoyat chandir buda, devorahoi seqabata dorad: pardai beruni (adventitsiya), ki vayro boftai payvandi tashkil medihad; qabati miyona (media), ki az torhoi mushaki sufta va chandir iborat ast; pardai daruni (intima), ki onro loyai hujayrahoi endoteli ba vujud ovardaast. A. ba sababi bisyor chandiru baquvvat budani devorahoyash ba fishori kalone, ki az kashishkhurii dil paydo meshavad, tob meorad.
Dar mavridi osebi endoteliy (binobar rukh namudani iltihob yo ateroskleroz) sudda (tromb) hosil shuda, surokhi ragro tang yo umuman rust mekunad. CHunin illat metavonad boisi saktai dil, saktai magzi sar, endarteriiti farogir va dig. bemoriho shavad. Bemorihoi A.: Anevrizma, Aortit, Arteriitho, Ateroskleroz, Koronarit, Koronaroskleroz, Endarteriit. Nig. niz Raghoi khun.
KL
Sokhtori devorai arteriya (A) va vennaho (B) – i mushaki (naqsha). I – jildi dokhili: 1 – endoteliy; 2 – pardai asosi; 3 – qabati zeri endoteliy; 4 – pardai chandiri dokhili; II – jildi mobayni: 5 – miositho; 6 – nakhhoi chandir; 7 – nakhhoi kollageni; III – jildi beruni: 8 – pardai chandiri beruni; 9 – boftai payvandii nakhdor (kovok); 10 – raghoi khungard.