ZUKOM

ZUKOM (Rhinitis), rinit, iltihobi luobpardai bini; bemorii alohida (az siroyati mikrobhoi mukhtalif va nihoyat khunuk khurdan ba vujud meoyad) va beshtar alomati chande digar amrozi siroyati (mas., gripp, khunoq, nazla, surkhcha va g.) meboshad.
Dar natijai varami (gazaki) luobpardai bini yo gulu hissi khushk shudani qismi boloii rohi nafas va suzishi on, hamchunin atsa zadan paydo meshavad. Badi chand ruz obi biniyu luob khele ziyod meoyad. Avzoi bemor kam tagyir meyobad, harorat, odatan, mutadil ast yo az 37 – 37,5° bolo nameshavad. Bo vujudi in, mariz sarashro vaznin his mekunad, qobiliyati kori past, bo bini nafas giriftan dushvor megardad; bazan az sababi iltihobi pardai chashm obi chashm meravad, hissi shomma sust meshavad. Hususan Z.-i kudakoni shirmak vaznin ast; azbaski vorahoi binii onho khele tang meboshand, andak varamidani luobpardai bini ba ikhtiloli nafas, khob, logari (sina makida natavonistanu gurusnagi)-i kudak sabab megardad. Bazan iltihob luobpardai halqum, naychai gush, khanjara va hatto qasaba (bronkhho)-i shushro faro megirad. Ba in qabil inkishofi Z. roh dodan hargiz mumkin nest.
Hangomi Z. chunin tadbirhoi peshgiri va tabobati guzaronida meshavand: beshtar nushidani choy (shirchoy, asalchoy, choy bo qiyomi marminjon, qulfinay va g.); muvofiqi tavsiyai dukhtur istemol kardani doruhoi araqovar, antibiotikho va g. Dar natijai tabobat varami luobpardai rohhoi nafas barham khurda, nafasgiri oson meshavad. Sakht bini afshondan va sulfai tuloni ba siroyat yoftani qismi dokhilii gush musoidat mekunad. Az in ru biniro ohista (be zur zadan) afshonida, dorui ziddi sulfa istemol namudan lozim ast. Az tabobati sarivaqtii Z. sar kashidan va ijro nakardani tavsiyai dukhtur (mas., oid ba bistari gashtan) mujibi inkishofi Z.-i muzmin megardad. Boyad dar khotir dosht, ki iltihobi bardavomi luobpardai uzvhoi nafas ba ravandi mutadili nafasgiri khalal vorid mesozad.
Z. hamesha oqibati nihoyat khunuk khurdan yo amrozi siroyati nest. SHakhsoni asaboni va hayajonpazir beshtar giriftori Z.-i allergi (Z.-i vazomotori) meshavand. In qabil Z. bo atsazanii muttasil, ikhroji barziyodi obi bini, ashkrezi, khorishi biniyu pilkhoi chashm khuruj meyobad (ruze chand marotiba takror meshavad).
Baroi tabobati Z.-i allergi doruhoero kor mefarmoyand, ki onho hassosiyati balandi organizmro mutadil megardonand. Z.-i navi khasbeda, odatan, ayyomi gulshukufti rastanihoi khushador paydo meshavad. Suyistemoli nushokihoi spirtdor, amrozi dilu gurda, sharoiti korii zararnok (mas., nihoyat changu gubornok budani havo) ba illati muzmin guzashtani Z.-i shadid musoidat mekunand.
Dar natijai Z.-i muzmin luobpardai bini gafs shuda, oqibat nafaskashiro dushvor mesozad yo baraks, luobpardai rohhoi nafas tunuk meshavad. Dar in surat barqaror namudani funksiyai luobparda va hissi shomma baso mushkil khohad gasht. Az in ru, ba inkishofi Z.-i muzmin naboyad roh dod. Andeshidani tadbirhoe, ki Z.-ro peshgiri mekunand, khususan obutobi organizm baso muhim ast.
Tavassuti obutobi organizm odam ba tagyiri harorat,sarmo yo garmozani, ba bodgar, rutubati barziyod yo havoi khushk odat mekunad. Organizmro havo va oftob doda, ba obbozi, namudhoi tobistonayu zimistonai varzish muttasil mashgul shudan lozim ast. Rioyai qoidahoi behdosht dar khona va istehsolot khele mufid meboshad. Hangomi changu gubor budani havoi korgoh az respirator istifoda burdan zarur ast.