Uzvhoi rastani

Az ogozi bahori nekufarjom to okhiri tiramoh mo dar muhiti girdu atrofamon rastanihoi guldorro mushohida mekunem. Boychechak, guli navruzi, qoku, siyohgush hamchun kosid va navidi bahoron khelo barvakt gul mekunand. Sipas, bunafshai bogi, guli lola, savsan ba tabiat husnu tarovati farahbakhsh zam mekunand.

Bo tavajjuhi khosa yagon rastanii guldor (vazirak, alafi gulzardak. bunafshai seranga 1)-ro bo reshaash az khok kofta girifta, az nazar meguzaronem. In rastaniho chun rastanihoi digar resha, poya va barg dorand. Resha, poya va barg uzvhoi asosii rastani ba hisob meravand. Dar qismi boloii poya yak yo yakchand gul joy giriftaast, ki az onho mevayu tukhm hosil meshavand. Rastanihoero, ki dar davrai hayotguzaronnashon aqallan yak marotiba gul mekunand. rastanikhoi guldor menomand. Dar barobari in baze rastaniho, az qabili archa, sanavbar, ushnaho. sarakhsshaklon va gayrakho. Dar faoliyati hayotiashon hej goh gul hosil namekunand. Onho ba rastanikhoi begul mansuband.

Hamin tavr ba juz mavjudiyati chunin uzvho — resha, poya, barg, doshtann gul va meva faqat ba rastanihoi guldor khos meboshad.

Uzvhoi yakkhelai rastanihoi guldor vobasta ba khususiyathoi khosashon metavonand zohiran khele gunogun shavand. Reshahoi sershumori piyoz, sir (chesnok) va bargi zulf ba rishtahoi borik monandand, bekhi nakhud, qoqu va pakhta boshad, tirreshai darozu shokharonda ast.

Agar poyai gandum va juvorimakka rost ba bolo qad kashad, poyai kadu, bodiring, tarbuz va baze digar rastanihoi polizi ba bolo nabaromada, dar rui zamin pahn meshavand. Rastanii bargi zulf (filgush) guyo tamoman poya nadorad, yane poyaash khele kutoh buda, barghoyash dar rui zamin khobidaand. Baroi didani poyai kutohi bar0gi zulf qismi boloii gardanaki resharo ba darozi barqad buridan lozshm meshavad. Poyai darakhton tana khele nagz inkishofyofta ast. Onho khele baland qad kashida, mustahkam meshavand. Tanai baze subborho (kaktusho) ba sutunchaho yo kurahoi sabzi sermagz (sergusht) shabohat doshta, bargashon ba khor tabdil yoftaast. Kaktusho dar poyaashon ob zakhira mekunand.

Sokhti gul dar rastanihoi gunogun har khel meshavad. Gul odatan navdai shakldigarkarda buda, az on meva pukhta merasad. Afzoishi rastanihoi guldor tavassuti tukhmashon amali megardad.

Agar gulhoi rastanihoi gunogunro muqoisa kunem, monandii sokhti onhoro pay mebarem. Sokhti guli shalgamcha yo alafi begonai mamul-turbkohakro az nazar meguzaronem. Mebinem, ki gul dar gul- poya (dumchai gul), ki qismi gulbandash pahn shudaast, inkishof meyobad. Dar gulband hamai uzvhoi digari gul tashakkul meyoband.

Diqkati moro tojguli khushrangi guli vazirak, ki az chor gulbarg iborat ast, ba khud jalb mekunad. Poyontar az tojgul kosagul joy giriftaast. Kosagul az chor bargchai sabz-kosabarg iborat ast.

Tojgul va kosagulro dar yakjoyagi gulpush meguyand, ki vay qismhoi darunii gulro az shuoi tafsoni oftob va digar sharoithoi nomusoid hifz namuda, metavonad hasharoti gardoludkunandaro jalb namoyad.

Tukhmdon (uzvi modina) va gardbarg (uzvi narina) — juzhoi asosii gul ba hisob meravand. Har yak gardbarg az poyachai borik va garddon iborat ast. Gardi gul dar garddon hosil mesha- vad. Gura (buni pahni tukhmdon), sutunchai borik va gardgirak dar yakjoyagi, tukhmdonro tashkil medihand.

Har yak gul dar soqa yo gulpoya joygir meshavad. Gulhoe, ki dar soqa yaktoi joygir shudaand, gulhoi toqa nomida meshavand. Masalan, gulhoi lola, kuknor va gayraho.

Gulhoe, ki guruh-guruh joygirand, tudagul nomida meshavand. Tudagulho khele gunogunand. Masalan, dar olubolu, sabzi, shibit onho soyabonshakland. Tudaguli qot, livondar khushashakl va tudaguli oftobparast, maryamgul sabadshakl meshavand.

Hamin tavr, az avvali bahor sar karda, to okhiri tiramoh dar besha, sahro, bog va gulbogho rastaniho gul mekunand.

1. Kadom rastanihoro rastanihoi guldor meguyand?
2. Rastanihoi guldor az kadom uzvho iboratand?
3. Sokhti gul chi guna ast?