SAMANDARKhOJAI TIRMIZI

Dar on ruz bini zi dushman farog,
Ki shab dar mazorash furuzi charog.

Nomi aslii Samandarkhojai Tirmizi Muhammadbaqo bud, «Samandar» takhallusi adabii u meboshad. Muvofiqi guftahoi khudash dar kitobi «Dastur-ul-muluk» va malumoti muallifi tazkirai «Muzakkirulashob» Malehoi Samarqandi, zodgohash Khonaqoh (nohiyai Hisori hozirai Jumhurii Tojikiston) budaast. Soli tavallud va vafotash malum nest. Hayot va faoliyati u dar asri 17 guzashtaast. Samandarkhojai Tirmizi az adibonu muarrikhoni nomii davr ba shumor meravad. Samandarkhojai Tirmizi safar kardanro dust medosht va besabab nest, ki davrai javonii u faqat dar safar guzashtaast. Ba qavli muarrikhon, u solhoi 1685, 1693, 1695 dar janghoi Abdulazizkhonu Subhonqulikhon ba muqobili khorazmihoyu sarkardagoni Balkh ishtirok kardaast. Muddate dar shahri Nasaf zindagi karda, du marotiba rayosatpanohi Nasaf tiin shudaast. Solhoi okhiri umri kheshro u dar gushanishini guzaronidaast.

Az rui guftai khudi Samandarkhojai Tirmizi malum meshavad, ki faoliyati adabii u dar shahri Nasaf ogoz yoftaast. Majmui osori adabi va tarikhii Samandarkhojai Tirmizi dar asari mashhuri u «Dastur-ul-muluk» joy giriftaast. «Dastur-ul-muluk» asari panduakhloqi buda, voqeahoi tarikhii solhoi 1694-95 ro darbar megirad va
takhminan guftan mumkin ast, ki to soli 1696 talif shudaast. «Dastur-ul-muluk» doroi 22 bob buda, bist bobi avval va bobi 22 ba masalahoi tarbiyaviyu akhloqi, misli pandu nasihat ba podshohon, usul va sharthoi mamlakatdori, martabai hunarmandu donishmand, etibori ahli fazlu donish, mardonagiyu shujoat, zarurati sulhu zarari jang, maqomi tarbiya, odobi sukhan, zarari gazab, ahamiyati mashvarat, tavsifi khislathoi hamida va mazammati khulqu atvori noshoista bakhshida shudaast.

Samandarkhojai Tirmizi khostaast, ki ba vositai hikoyathoi pandomezi in kitob raftoru kirdori noshoistai hukumatdoron va nobarobarihoi zamonaro isloh kunad.

«Dastur-ul-mulk» ba adibonu muarrikhoni badina tasiri ziyod rasonidaast. Shoir va tazkiranavisi asri 17Malehoi Samarqandi dar talifi tazkirai Muzakkir-ulashob» (soli talifash -1688-92), muarrikhi asri 19-Muhammadyaqub dar navishtani «Gulshan-ul-muluk» ba «Dasturul-muluk» takya namudand. «Dastur-ul-muluk» arzishi muhimi adabiyu tarikhi dorad. Holo chand hikoyaro az in kitobi khondanibob peshkashi khonandagon menamoem.