Nafasgirii tukhm Rastani

Baroi nafasgirii organizmhoi (mavjudoti) zinda, az on jumla rastaniho, hayvonot va odam gazi oksigen (havo) zarur ast. Oksigen inchunin ba suzish yori merasonad. Gugirdchubi afrukhta dar mu- hiti havo khele khub mesuzad, zero dar on oksigen hast. Ammo agar yagon zarfi shishagiro bo havoi nafasbaroriamon pur karda, ba on gugirdchubi afrukhtaro dokhil kunem, vay khomush meshavad. Zero mo hangomi nafaskashi gazi oksigenro qabul karda, gazi karbonatro ba berun khorij mekunem. Gazi karbonat ba suzish yori namerasonad.

SHumo allakay medoned, ki baroi sabzishi tukhm havo zarur meboshad. Pas savole paydo meshavad, ki oyo tukhm nafas mekashad? Dar natijai nafaskashii tukhm kadom gaz khorij meshavad?

Baroi tajriba du zarfi shishagini berangu shaffofro girifta, ba yake az onho tukhmi khushku neshnazadai gandum, javdor, nakhud, lubiyo yo rastanihoi di- gar, ba zarfi duyum boshad, hamin miq- dor tukhmi sabzidaistodai rastanihoi

nomburdaro dokhil mekunem. Dahoni hardu zarfro mahkam karda, onro ba joi garmu torik meguzorem. Ruzi digar mesanjem, ki tar- kibi havoi zarfho tagyir yoftaast yo ne.

Az in ru, ba zarfi shishagini tukhmi khushkdor shami boriki af rukhtaro, ki ba nugi sim ustuvor karda shudaast, dokhil mekunem 25. SHam sukhtan megirad. Zero tukhmi khushki neshnazada khele sust nafas megirad va binobar on, zakhirai oksigeni dokhili zarf qarib, ki tamoman sarf nashudaast.

Bad dahoni zarfi shishagini duyumro, ki tukhmi neshzada dosht, mekushoem va ba on shami furuzonro to poyontarash dokhil mekunem. SHam khomush meshavad. CHunki tukhmi neshzada boavj nafas kashida, oksigeni dokhili zarfro istifoda burda, ba mikdori ziyod gazi karbonat (mahsuli nafaskashi) khorij kardaast.

In tajriba nishon medihad, ki tukhmi sabzidaistoda oksigeni khavoro nafas kashida, gazi karbonat khorij mekunad. In tabiist, zero rastani ham organizmi zinda meboshad.

Tukhmi janinash solim muntazam shabu ruz nafas megirad. Tukhm az garmie, ki hangomi nafaskashiash judo mekunad, garm meshavad. Hususan, tukhmi sabzidaistoda dar muhiti nisbatan namnok nazar ba tukhmi khushki neshzada tez-tez nafas kashida, beshtar garmi judo mekunad. Agar doni namkashidaro (dar choi nam budaro) gafs tuda ku- iand, on nesh zada zud garm meshavad. Dar chunin sharoit garmi zud berun shuda az harorati ziyod chanini chunin tukhmho nobud megardad.

Va chunin tukhmho qobiliyati sabzishashonro gum mekunand. Baroi ruy nadodani chunin hodisa donu gallai jamovari kardashu- daro nagz khushkonida, dar anborhoi khushki shamolras nigoh medorand. Tukhm mudom ba oksigen ehtiyoj dorad. In kholat ba doni khushk niz dakhl dorad, harchand, ki on nazar ba doni sabzanda sust nafas mekashad. Dar anborhoi makhsusi gallanigohdori (elevatorho) sha- roithoi baroi nigohdorii don muvofiqro faroham meovarand.

1. Nafasgirii tukhmro chi tavr isbot kardan mumkin ast?
2. Dar vaqti nafaskashii tukhm tarkibi havo chi tavr tagyir meyobad?
3. CHaro tukhmi namkarda garm meshavad?
4. Baroi nigohdorii tukhm kadom sharoitho lozimand?