MONITOR

19.11.2018 246 Views

Monitor – yake az qismhoi khele muhimi kompyuteri IBM PC ba shumor rafta, baroi ba ekran barovardani informatsiyai matni va grafiki khizmat merasonad. Ravandi ba khotirai kompyuter dokhilkunii infomatsiya niz bo yorii monitor nazorat karda meshavad. Monitorro displey (display – namoish) ham meguyand. Hangomi kor bo monitor khele ehtiyotkor budan zarur ast, chunki istifodabarandai kompyuter mahz dar nazdi monitor soathoi ziyode menishinad. CHi qadare, ki sifati monitor pasttar, yane kharakteristikahoi on badtar boshand, hamon qadar ba chashmon va digar uzvhoi inson khatari zararrasi ziyodtar ast.

Monitor ba televizor khele monand ast. Dar monitor niz chun dar televizor namoishho bo yorii kineskop (trubkai nuri – elektroni) nishon doda meshavand. Vale sokhti dokhilii onho az hamdigar khele farq mekunand. Monitorho namoishhoro nisbat ba televizorho sahehtar va daqiqtar tasvir menamoyand, ammo televizorho tajhizoti intelektuali ba hisob meravand. Onho signalhoi ba vositai antena qabul namudaashonro avval ramzkushoi menamoyand va bad onhoro az khalalhoi radioi sof namuda, peshkashi tamoshobin megardonand. Monitorho boshand, videosignalhoro az videokontrollyorho bo yorii kabelho dar namudi tayyor megirand.

Monitorho dar du namud istehsol karda meshavand: ranga va monokhromi (siyohu safed). Dar tashkilotu muassisaho beshtar monitorhoi rangaro istifoda mebarand. Dar ekrani monitorhoi ranga alomathoro bo ranghoi gunogun nishon dodan mumkin ast. Dar kompyuterhoi IBM PC modelhoi gunoguni monitorhoi ranga istifoda burda meshavand: CGA (Color Graphics Adapter – Adapteri grafikii ranga), EGA (Enhanced Color Adapter – Adapteri rangai vasekardashuda), VGA (Video Graphics Array – Massivi videografiki). Monitorhoi monokhromi imruzho qarib istifoda burda nameshavand. Andozai ekrani monitorho yake az nishondihandahoi muhim ba hisob meravad. Andozai ekranro az rui buzurgii diagonali kineskopi monitor muayyan mesozand va bo dyuymho chen mekunand. Dyuym – chenaki darozi buda ba 25,4 mm barobar ast. Monitorhoi IBM PC, ki holo istifoda burda meshavand, az 14 to 21 dyuymro tashkil medihand. Baroi shakhsone, ki dar nazdi ekran bisyor menishinand, monitori 17-dyuymagi monitori khub ba shumor meravad.

Harakteristikai digare, ki ba sifati namoishdihii monitor baho medihad, andozai nuqtai tasvirkuni ba hisob meravad. In nishondihanda boyad az 0,28 mm kalon naboshad.

Baroi monitorhoi sifatnok andozai nuqtai tasvirkuniashon ba 0,25-0,26 mm barobar ast. Agar in nishondihanda 0,31-0,39 mm-ro tashkil kunad, on goh chunin monitorho sifatan past hisob karda meshavand, chunki onho baroi chashm khatarnok meboshand.

Ba kharakteristikai digari monitor imkoniyati halkunandai on dokhil meshavad, ki on ba miqdori nuqtahoi ba samthoi ufuqi va amudi pahnkunandai monitor meboshavad. Videosignale, ki az videokontrollyor ba monitor ravon karda meshavad, shakli turi rostkunja dorad. Dar burishi satru sutunhoi in tur nuqtahoi ranga hosil meshavand. CHi qadar miqdori nuqtahoi tur ziyodtar boshand, hamon qadar sifati tasvirkunii monitor behtar meshavad. Dar in mavrid meguyand, ki dar ekran informatsiyai ziyodtar megunjad. Masalan, halkunandagii 640kh480 manoi onro dorad, ki tasviri dar ekran namoishdodashavanda az 640 nuqta ba samti ufuqi va az 480 nuqta ba samti amudi iborat ast. Dar majmu chunin tur az 640kh480=307200 nuqta iborat meshavad. Baroi monitori 17 dyuymagi, ki nuqtai tasvirkuniash ba 0,25-0,26 mm barobar ast, halkunandagii 1280kh1024 kharakteristikai khub ba shumor meravad va az inho ham kalontarash sol to sol pasdo shuda istodaast.

Monitor videosignalhoro satr ba satr inikos menamoyad, yane on avval yak qatori nuqtahoro ba ekran barovarda, bad ba qatori duyumi onho meguzarad. Baroi az yak qatori nuqtaho ba qatori oyanda guzashtan va baraks ba qatori boli bozgashtan, videokontrollyor ba monitor signalhoi idorakunii makhsusro ravon mekunad. Zudii (miqdor/soniya) signalhoi idorakuniro az qatori dodashuda ba qatori nuqtahoi navbati (poyoni) zudii pahnkunii ufuqi yo zudii satri menomand. Zudii signalhoi idorakuniro az qatori nuqtahoi dodashuda ba qatori nuqtahoi boloi (peshina) zudii pahnkunii amudi yo zudii kadri menomand.

Agar buzurgii satri baroi hamohang sokhtani videokontrollyor va monitor peshbini shuda boshad, on goh zudii kadri, pesh az hama ba inson dakhl dorad, chunki in zudi miqdori ivazshavii tasvirro dar ekran ifoda mekunad. Hangomi kam budani buzurgii zudii kadri chashmoni inson milt-miltkuni va larzishi tasvirhoro dar ekran ehsos mekunad, ki on chashmro zud monda va hatto dardnok megardonad. Dar vaqti zudii kadri ba 75-80 gers barobar budan, larzishi tasvirho dar ekran gum meshavad.

Zudii kadrii 80 gersa kharakteristikai khubi monitor va 85 gersa – khubtar shumurda meshavad. Zudihoi kadrii az 70-72 gers kambuda, baroi salomatii inson khatarnokand.

 EZOH:

Gers (gers) vohidi chenaki zudii lappishi ravandi davri buda, dar yak soniya ijroshavii yak davri ravandro ifoda menamoyad. Odatan, dar rejai korii matni ekrani monitor az 25 satr va 80 sutun iborat buda, dar rejai korii grafiki boshad, ba 480 satr va 640 sutun barobar ast. In adadho vobasta ba modeli monitor metavonand tagyir yoband.

Hamin tariq, tasviri monitorro ba okhir rasonida yak nuqtaro qayd menamoem, ki agar dar tani monitor tamgai Enekgy Stak mavjud boshad, on goh metavoned dilpur boshed, ki monitori shumo quvvai barqro sarfa menamoyad va ba shumo duru daroz khizmat mekunad. Ilova bar in, agar monitoraton ba standarthoi jahonii TCO’92 yo TCO’95 muvofiqat kunad, on goh on albatta sohibi funksiyahoi zakhirakunandai energiya meboshad.

 Savolho: