MARDUMGIYOH

MARDUMGIYOH (Panax ginseng), astarang, yabruh, yabruhussanam, odamgiyoh, jenshen, giyohest bisyorsola. Balandiash to 70 sm. Poyai rosti miyonkholi, bargi panjashakl, khushaguli chatrnamo, guli safedi dujinsa, mevai surkhi lubiyoshakl dorad. M.-i khudruy dar SHarqi Dur, Hitoi SHimolu SHarqi va nimjaz. Koreya mesabzad. M. rastanii garmiparvar va soyaparvar ast. Odatan, dar soyai alafzori baland va anbuhi buttavu darakhtzor khub numu meyobad. Beshtar guruh-guruh yo yagon-yagon duchor meoyad. Davrai nashvi M. dar besha 145 ruz ast. Sabzishi on az miyonahoi may ogoz yofta, nimai iyun gul mekunad va mevaash dar nimai yakumi avg. mepazad. Rushdu inkishofi M. khele sust ast. M. soli avval, odatan, yakto va bazan duto barg dorad. Vazni reshai on hamagi 1 – 2 g meshavad. M.-i 20 – 25-sola 4 – 5-to barg doshta, vazni reshaash az 60 g ziyod nest. M. bori avval dar 8 – 10 (bazan 20)-um soli hayotash gul mekunad.
Hosiyati shifobakhshii reshai M. 2700 sol to m. malum bud. Onro qarib dar tamomi makhazhoi qadimai tib hamchun davoi tamomi bemoriho qalamdod kardaand. To a. 19 reshai M. az tillo dida 18 marotiba qimmatar bud. Ba Tojikiston M.- ro az Hitoy meovarand. Alhol M.-i khudruy dar dunyo khele kam mondaast. Dar Hitoy agar peshtar sole to 500 kg va dar Koreya to 20 kg reshai M. tayyor mekarda boshand, holo na beshtar az 3 – 4 kg tayyor mekunandu khalos.
Dar tib reshai M.-ro chun vositai muqavvi hangomi khastagii jismoniyu ruhi, zaifii organizm badi bemorii vaznin, illati ragu dil, zafi gadudhoi jinsi, bemorihoi asabu ruhi, diabet, sil va g. istifoda mekunand. Davohoi M. nerui zehni va jismoniro taqviyat doda, khobro behtar megardonand, sado dodani gushro raf mesozand, chashmro ravshan mekunand. M. baroi tabobati bemorii anemiya (kamkhuni) davoi khele nofe ast. Bino ba aqidai bisyor mutakhassison M. jigarro az ravgan giriftan emin medorad, istifodai on dar mavridi bemorihoi miokardiodistrofiya va asab mufid buda, faoliyati hujayrahoi asabro barqaror mesozad. M. silsilai raghoro bo oksigen behtar tamin mekunad, onro ba tasiri gipoksiya ustuvor megardonad. Dar bemoron dar mavridi tayin kardani naqei M. vazi umumii organizm behtar shuda, sustiyu bemadori, sardard va khastagi barham mekhurad. Muqarrar shudaast, ki istifodai davohoi M. afzoishi omosi saratonro bozmedorad. Dar barobari in hama M. davoi sustkamari niz meboshad.
Az M. naqei spirti tahiya mesozand. Bo in maqsad 50 g reshai tar yo 15 g reshai khushki onro girifta nagz mayda mekunand va ba 500 g spirt (300) meandozand. Zarfro du hafta dar joi torik nigoh doshtan lozim ast. Tarzi istifoda: ruze 5 – 25 chakragi 20 daq. pesh az taom (2 – 3 marotiba). Davri muolija – 90 ruz; badi har yak moh 10 ruz tanaffus kardan lozim. Davoro dar joi torik nigoh medorand.
M. baroi tahiyai angubin niz kor farmuda meshavad. Bahri in 30 g reshai khushki onro dar qahvakubak ord mekunand. Sipas 1 kg asalro girifta dar hammomi obi to 400 garm va bo khokai reshai M. omekhta menamoyand. Davoro ba shisha girifta, dar joi torik (du hafta) nigoh medorand. Ruze 3 marotiba yakqoshuqchagi (15 – 20 daq. pesh az taom) istemol kardan lozim. Angubini M. hangomi hayajonpaziri, bekhobi, gipertoniya, nuqsi dil, ateroskleroz, homilagi, sinamakoni va baroi kudakoni sini to maktabi ziyon dorad.
Ad.: Kovalyova N. G., Lechenie rasteniyami, M., 1972; Turova A. D., Lekarstvennie rasteniya SSSR i ikh primenenie, M., 1974; Gammerman A. F., Grom I. I., Dikorastushie lekarstvennie rasteniya SSSR, M., 1976; H o d j i m a t o v M., Dikorastushie lekarstvennie rasteniya Tadjikistana, D., 1989.