MAGZCHA

MAGZCHA (Cerebellum), maynacha, yak qismi magzi sar. M. dar koordinatsiyai harakat, hifzi holatu vazi tan, tonus va muvozanati badan shirkat mevarzad. Dar chuquraki qafoi jumjuma dar boloi magzi darozruya va puli Varolio mavqe giriftaast. Dar boloi M. hissahoi pasisarii mayna mavqe yoftaand; dar bayni onho va M. shokhai sakhti maynaparda (chodari maynacha) joy dorad.
M. az hissai mobayni yo batni maynacha va du nimkurra (har kadom bo juyakchaho ba se hissa taqsim meshavad) iborat ast. M. az dokhil bo moddai safed va az berun ba qabati tunuki moddai khokistarrang (qishri M.) faro girifta shudaast. Moddai safedi nimkurrahoi M. ba moddai safedi batni on mepayvandad. M. hamchunin chand yadro dorad, ki muhimtarini onho yadroi dandonashakl (dar nimkurrahoi M.) va yadroi chodar (dar batni M.) meboshand. M. bo qismhoi hamshafati magzi sar ba tavassuti bandchai torho – poyachai M. tamos dorad; poyachaho M.-ro bo puli Varolio, magzi darozruya va magzi mobayni payvast mekunand.
Vazifai asosii M. tanzim namudani faoliyati ahlonai mushakhoi skelet ast. M. dar hambastagi bo qishri maynai kalon dar tanzimi harakathoi ikhtiyori ishtirok menamoyad. M. hamchunin bahri nigoh doshtani muvozanati badan hangomi roh raftan va harakathoi faol ahamiyati kalon dorad. Dar surati oseb yoftani M. tamomi harakathoi odam berabt gashta, nutq va husni khat vayron meshavad, bemor kalavida roh meravad, nistagm, sarcharkhi ba vujud meoyad.
Ad.: Mekhanizmi deyatelnosti mozga cheloveka, L., 1988; Anatomiya cheloveka, M., 1997; Lisov P. K., Anatomiya, M., 2003.
KL
Rasmi 1. Poyachahoi magzcha va munosibati onho bo sokhtorhoi tanai magzi sar: 1 – talamus; 2 – teppachai poyoni; 3 – magzcha; 4 – poyachai boloii magzcha; 5 – poyachai poyonii magzcha; 6 – nimkurahoi magzcha; 7 – zaytun; 8 – asabi setora; 9 – rohi peshi harommagzu magzcha; 10 – rohi bolopushu harommagz; 11 – halqai miyonjoi; 12 – dastaki teppachai poyoni; 13 – poyachai magzi sar.
Rasmi 2. Naqshai qabathoi hujayravii qishri magzcha: 1 – qabati molekulavi; 2 – qabati neyronhoi murudshakl; 3 – qabati dona-dona; 4 – moddai safed; 5 – hujayrahoi gliali bo sulton (torhoi Bergamon); 6 – hujayrai kaloni asab (hujayrai Golji); 7 – hujayrai khaltashakli asab; 8 – neyrotsithoi khurd; 9 – hujayrahoi Purkinye; 10 – astrotsit.