KARBOGIDRIDHO

KARBOGIDRIDHO, sinfi payvasthoi organiki, ki molekulaashon tanho az atomhoi karbon va gidrogen tarkib yoftaast. K. az jihati sokhti molekula asikili yo khud alifati (karbogidridhoe, ki dar molekulaashon atomhoi karbon bo ham khatti yo shokhanok payvast shudaand) va izosikli yo khud karbosikli (karbogidridhoe, ki molekulaashon shakli halqagi dorand) meshavand. K.-i guruhi izosikliro dar navbati khud ba alisikli va aromati va K.-i guruhi asikliro boshad, ba ser va noser judo mekunand. K.-i alisikli ham seru ham noser meshavand. K. qatori gomologi hosil menamoyand, ki qonuniyati tagyir yoftani khosiyathoi fizikiyu khimiyavii moddahoro nishon medihad.
Bisyor K. ba organizm zarar merasonand. Havfi ziyoni kasbii K. dar zudbukhor budani onhost. K. ba organizmi korgaron hangomi nafas giriftani bug va mahsuli gazmonandi onho roh meyoband. K. imkon dorad, ki hatto az pusti solim niz ba organizm vorid shavand. Hamai K. zahrhoi neyrotropi meboshand; bazei onho metavonand omoshoi saratoniro ba vujud orand. Zahroludii shadid az K. hangomi dar tarkibi havo az meyor ziyod budani onho rukh menamoyad. Vale binobar dar ob va khun kam hal shudani bugi K. onho az organizm ba vositai shush zud khorij karda meshavand.
Bo maqsadi peshgirii zahroludi az K. dar korgohhoe, ki odamon bo onho sarukor dorand, boyad qoidahoi bekhatarii mehnat qati rioya karda shavand.