QAY

QAY, istifrog, holati noguvorest, ki dar natijai angezish yo illati meda, inchunin az illati dig. uzvhoi daruni, asabhoi markazi va kanori ba vujud meoyad. Q.-i gematogeniyu zahrogin va Q.-i zanhoi homila niz vujud dorad.
Q. aksar vaqt taassuri muhofiziyu mutobiqatii organizm ba angezishi luobpardai meda meboshad. Angezishi luobpardai meda ba jismi begonai furuburda, khuroki badsifat, moddahoi zahrnok vobasta ast. Q. baroi az moddahoi zararnok toza shudani organizm yori merasonad. Hangomi bemorihoi gunoguni meda (mas., reshmarazi meda, gastrit), odatan, pesh az Q. dilbehuzuri ruy medihad. Bemor dar in mavrid badi Q. sabuki his mekunad. Dar asnoi illati dil, talkhadon, kirmruda, gurda va dig. uzvho dar natijai tasiri refleksi ba meda mumkin ast Q. ruy dihad.
Q. ehtimol alomati bemorii magzi sar va pardai on (meningoensefalit, omos va illati magzi sar), ikhtiloli gardishi khun dar magzi sar boshad. Q. bazan dar natijai ikhtiloli ehsos va didani khun, moddai qay yo az tasiri noforami baze taomho ba vujud meoyad. Q.-i davrai haml beshtar alomati toksikozhoi homilagon ast.
Dar asnoi Q. ba bemoron, makhsusan ba bemoroni vaznin va behush nigohubin zarur ast, chunki dar in mavrid moddai qay mumkin ast ba rohi nafas daromada, boisi nafastangi, gazaki shush va dig. illatho gardad. Hangomi Q. bemorro meshinonand yo ba pahlu khobonda, sarashro kham mekunand. Agar u daroz kashida boshad, ba poyon mekhobonand. Badi Q. dahoni bemorro chayqonda, bo pakhtai tar pok mekunand. Agar moddai qay khunolud boshad, ba rui shikam khaltai yakh guzoshta, uro junbidan namemonand va favran dukhturro jeg mezanand. Agar sababi Q. nomalum boshad, to omadani dukhtur moddai qayro nigoh medorand, chunki namud, mavjudiyati omekhtaho va g. baroi muayyan kardani sababi Q. yori merasonad.
Muolijai Q. ba rafi sababi on nigaronda meshavad. Hangomi zahroludi medaro meshuyand. Dar mavridi baze bemoriho, mas., omos, stenozi meda, pechidagii ruda az amaliyoti jarrohi istifoda mebarand. Agar Q. zud-zud va bardavom rukh namoyad, pas az doruhoi qaynishon (metoklopramil, tietilperazin) va parhezi makhsus istifoda burda meshavad. Q.-ero, ki sababi on gastrit ast, bo anestezin, bellastezin, povestezin, vikalin, almagel tabobat mekunand.
Q. dar kudakon nisbat ba kalonsolon beshtar ba mushohida merasad. Qabl az Q. mumkin ast dilbehuzuri rukh dihad, ki alomathoi on beqarori, az dahon barovardani zabon, raftani obi dahon, surkh shudani ruy yo baraks, paridani rangi ruy meboshand.
Q. dar kudakon az gardondani gizo va ruminatsiya farq dorad (nig. Qayi shirkhora). Ruminatsiya («nushkhor» yo «kafsha») borho orug zada barovardan va «khoida» takroran furu burdani gizo ast. Asosan dar kudakoni sinamak badi 4-mohagi va barmahal judo kardan az sina ogoz yofta, to 3-solagi davom mekunad. Ruminatsiya taqriban badi 30 daq. istemoli gizo ba vujud omada, ba kudak kayfiyat mebakhshad, u bo shavq angusht memakad yo zabonashro dar dahon misli nova tob medihad.
Q.-i bosubot dar davrai navzodi alomati asosii nuqsi inkishofi rohi medayu rudaho meboshad. Qay kardani gizoi hazmnashuda daleli basta budani rohi boloi azoi hozima ast (mas., atreziya, akhalaziya, stenoz, divertikuli surkhruda, kardiospazm va g.). Tursh budani muhtavoi Q., ki shiri burida va luob dorad (biduni omekhtai talkha), nishonai dar meda takhir kardani gizo ast. Omekhta bo talkha omadani Q. dar ruzhoi avvali hayot alomati noguzaroii modarzodi ruda meboshad. Dar mavridi on sari dil varam mekunad (badi qay varam nest meshavad). agar noguzaroii ruda poyontar joy girifta boshad, shikam damish va qabziyat mekunad, Q. badbuy ast.
Hangomi Q.-i kudakon darhol ba dukhtur murojiat boyad kard. Faqat muoinai tibbi ba oshkor sokhtani sababi on va tain namudani tabobati zaruri yori merasonad.
Q.-i khunolud (gematemezis) alomati khunshori az qismi boloi rohi medayu rudaho ast. Sababi Q.-i khunolud bisyor vaqt khunshori az zakhmi meda, varidhoi surkhruda, omos yo poliphoi meda meboshad. Hamchunin Q.-i khunolud metavonad dar mavridi zakhmi rudai duvozdahangushta, zakhmi meda, eroziyai surkhruda va dig. bemoriho niz rukh namoyad.
Rangi muhtavoi meda hangomi Q.-i khunolud ba muhlati dar meda bozistodani khun vobasta ast. Agar khun dar meda kam istoda yo bo kislotai khlorid omekhta nashuda boshad, pas muhtavoi on chandon tagyir nameyobad. Hangomi dar meda bisyor istodani khun zeri tasiri kislotai khloridi shirai meda gematin hosil meshavad, ki rangi muhtavoi Q.-ro jigari megardonad.
Dar asnoi rukh namudani hama guna shaklhoi Q.-i khunolud betakhir ba dukhtur murojiat kardan lozim ast.