ISTIROHAT

ISTIROHAT, holati orom yo yak nav faoliyati organizm, ki khastagiro raf va qobiliyati koriro barqaror mekunad. Mehnat va I. dar tahsil, kor va dig. sohahoi faoliyati inson robitai nogusastani dorand. I.-i kam boisi kuftagi va muddati daroz farogat nakardan, mujibi khastagi meshavad. Hastagi nerui muhofizi organizmro kosta, sababi paydoishi bemorihoi gunogun va gum shudani qobiliyati kori megardad. Tartibi oqilonai mehnatu I. imkon medihad, ki salomati va qobiliyati balandi kori muddati madid mahfuz monad.
I. az nuqtai nazari fiziologi faoliyati makhsusest, ki hangomi on hujayra az kor ozod buda, tarkibi khudro barqaror mekunad. I.-i nisbatan purrai organizm khob ast. Zimni on jarayoni bosurati barqarorshavi (pesh az hama dar hujayrahoi magzi sar) ba amal meoyad. SHarti muhimi I.-i pursamar muntazam ivaz kardani vaqti koru I. meboshad. Olimoni fiziolog va mutakhassisoni sohai behdosht ahamiyati makhsusi ba istiloh «istirohati faol»-ro muqarrar kardaand. Fiziologi rus I. M. Sechenov sobit namud, ki badi bo yak dast bisyor kor karda khasta shudan, qobiliyati kori na az hisobi osudagii har du dast, balki beshtar az hisobi daste, ki kor nakardaast barqaror meshavad. Dar rafti kor ivaz kardani faoliyati gunoguni mushakho va markazhoi asab ravandi barqaror shudani mushakhoi khastashudaro metezonad. Ivaz namudani tarzi kor, badi mehnati fikri mashgul shudan bo mehnati sabuki jismoni niz khastagiro raf mesozad (on yak shakli makhsusi I. ast).
Baroi zudtar barqaror namudani qobiliyati kori badi mehnati sakhti jismoni yo fikri ba I.-i faol ivaz kardani I. – i gayrifaol (holati oromii mutlaq va ehtiyoti) ham muvafiqi maqsad ast.
Intikhobi tartibi oqilonai I. bo omilhoi gunogun, az jumla ba sharoiti mehnat, sinnu sol va g. vobastagi dorad. I. – i aholi az tarafi davlat va tashkilothoi jamiyati muvofiqi qonunhoi mavjuda muayyan karda shuda, baroi onho osoishgohu khonahoi istirohat, pansionatu profilaktoriyaho, lagerhoi bachagona va dig. muassisahoi behdoshti sokhta shudaand. Dar mahalhoi khushmanzara joyhoi damgiri va mintaqahoi istirohat amal mekunand. Dar klub, qasrhoi farhang, bogi istirohat, maydonhoi varzishi namudhoi gunoguni I. guzaronida meshavand.
Se namudi I. mavjud ast: ruzmarra, haftaina va solona. I.-i ruzmarra az tanaffushoi kutohmuddate iborat ast, ki dar davomi ruzi kori baroi ijroi gimnastikai korgari tain shudaand. YAk qismi tanaffusro dar havoi toza guzaronidan mufid ast. Hangomi gimnastikai korgari boyad on harakathoero ba jo ovard, ki ba I. – i mushakhoi khasta musoidat kunand. I.-i ruzmararo khobi barohat anjom medihad. Ba I. – i haftaina haftai korii panjruza, ki du ruzi I. dorad, imkoniyati kalon medihad (sayrugasht dar havoi toza, mashguliyathoi varzishi, chorabinihoi farhangi va g.). I. – i solona dar davrai rukhsatii mehnati meguzarad. Ba hamai korgaron har sol rukhsatii pulaki doda meshavad. Muhlati rukhsati ba sharoit va khususiyati mehnat vobasta ast; baroi kormandone, ki dar sharoiti zararnoki istehsolot kor mekunand, muhlati rukhsati daroztar ast. Dar davrai rukhsati boyad odam az mashguliyathoi muqarrarii harruza komilan dur shuda, muhitro digar kunad. Ba havoi toza (jangal, labi daryo, bahr) baromada, yakjoya bo I. qabuli vannahoi oftobi, sayohathoi turisti, obutob dodani organizm khele mufid ast.
I. – i oqilonai talabagon tartibi durusti ruz, yane ivaz kardani mashguliyathoi gunogun (dars, leksiya, tajribahoi istehsoli va g.) bo I. (tannafus, mashguliyathoi sporti, tatil) meboshad. Zimni in ba nazar giriftani sinnu sol va khususiyati mashguliyati talabagon zarur ast.
Odamoni kalonsol baroi nigoh doshtani qobiliyati kori ba I. – i bardavom va qati, rioyai tartibi koru farogat muhtoj meboshand. Onho boyad ba mehnati zurras dast zanand, bisyortar dam girand, ba havoi toza baroyand, muntazam bo varzish mashgul shavand.